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Antidepressive and anxiolytic effects of a combination of Saffron and Chamomile in rats and their relationship with serotonin using in vivo methods

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2025年第1期45卷 49-56页

作者： Faiq Amin Saara Ahmad Muhammad Wasim Asra Khan Fazal Manzoor Arain Zehra Batool Saiqa Tabassum Saima Khaliq Noreen Samad Saida Haider department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences the Aga Khan University Maternal and Children's Health Research Institute Shunde Women and Children's HospitalGuangdong Medical University Dr.Panjwani center for Molecular Medicine and drug Research International Center for Chemical and Biological SciencesUniversity of Karachi department of Biosciences Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology department of biochemistry Federal Urdu University of ScienceArts and Technology department of biochemistry Bahauddin Zakariya University department of biochemistry University of Karachi

OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential of combining natural herbs like chamomile and saffron for the management of anxiety and depression. METHODS: A rodent model of Major Depressive Disorder(MDD) and anxiety, secondary to streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus was made. A total of 6 rat groups were chosen; healthy and diseased controls; and diseased test groups of fluoxetine, saffron, chamomile, and combined saffron and chamomile treated(n = 6/group). Activity by forced swim test(FST), elevated plus maze test(EPMT), and correlations with biochemical markers like serum glucose, tryptophan, C-reactive protein(CRP), brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) and 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor(5HT2CR) expression, were assessed at the end of the 3rd week of the treatment. A one-way analysis of variance with a post-hoc Tukey's test was applied. RESULTS: The combined herbal treatment group showed significantly better(P < 0.05) than all other groups in terms of anti-hyperglycemic effect. All treatments improved the CRP levels; however, the combination group was also significantly better than fluoxetine and the individual herb groups. Only the herb groups showed efficacy in the FST with added benefits of the combination group over the healthy controls and similar trends in the EPMT. However, expression of 5HT2CR was repressed while BDNF was elevated through treatment. CONCLUSION: This study shows that in comparison to treatment with a SSRI, and individual herbs, the combination of chamomile and saffron showed overall improved outcomes.

关键词： chamomile crocus depression diabetes mellitus

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Spinal cord injury regenerative therapy development:integration of design of experiments

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2571-2573页

作者： Yuji Okano Hideyuki Okano Yoshitaka Kase Division of CNS Regeneration and drug discovery International Center for Brain Science(ICBS)Fujita Health UniversityKutsukake-ChoToyoake-ShiAichiJapan department of Extended Intelligence for Medicine The Ishii-Ishibashi LaboratoryKeio University School of MedicineShinanomachiShinjuku-KuTokyoJapan Keio University Regenerative Medicine Research center Kawasaki-kuKawasaki-shiJapan

Spinal cord injury(SCI)can cause motor and sensory paralysis,and autonomic nervous system disorders including malfunction of urination and defecation,thereby significantly impairing the quality of *** continue to explo re new stem cell strategies for the treatment of paralysis by transpla nting human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural ste m/progenitor cells(hiPSCNS/PCs)into spinal cord injured tissues.

关键词： Spinal paralysis injury

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Spastin and alsin protein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical pathways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： Benjamin R.Helmold Angela Ahrens Zachary Fitzgerald P.Hande Ozdinler department of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA center for Molecular Innovation and drug discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

Developing effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and complex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among patients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have implications for a broad spectrum of patients. One potential solution is to develop personalized medicine approaches based on strategies that target the most prevalent cellular events that are perturbed in patients. Especially in patients with a known genetic mutation, it may be possible to understand how these mutations contribute to problems that lead to neurodegeneration. Protein–protein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how proteins interact, which cellular events are primarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in patients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for patients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and spastin, two proteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary spastic paraplegia, respectively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the protein interactome for alsin and spastin, the canonical pathways that are primarily important for each protein domain, as well as compounds that are either Food and drug Administration–approved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular pathways. This line of research begins to pave the way for personalized medicine approaches that are desperately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are complex and heterogeneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hereditary spastic paraplegia neurodegenerative diseases personalized medicine precision medicine protein interactome protein-protein interactions SPAST spastin

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Promising effects of Persian shallot extract on the serum markers and blood pressure of patients with metabolic syndrome:a double-blinded randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2025年第1期45卷 100-106页

作者： Neda Naimipoor Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Mohammad Reza Hajizadeh Mitra Abbasifard Mohammad Reza Mirzaei Akram Ghadiri Anari Maryam Mohammad-Sadeghipour Mehdi Mahmoodi department of Clinical biochemistry School of MedicineRafsanjan University of Medical Sciences department of Internal Medicine School of MedicineAli-Ibn Abi-Talib HospitalRafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Molecular Medicine Research center Research Institute of Basic Medical SciencesRafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Diabetes Research center Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences department of Clinical biochemistry Afzalipour School of MedicineKerman University of Medical Sciences Physiology Research center Institute of NeuropharmacologyKerman University of Medical Sciences

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Persian shallot extract on the serum markers and blood pressure of patients with metabolic syndrome(MetS). METHODS: Fifty patients with Met S diagnosis were randomly assigned to the intervention(Persian shallot extract) and the control(placebo) group. Both groups received treatment for three months. Before the study and at the end of the study, 5 mL peripheral blood was taken from each patient. The measured factors included total antioxidant capacity(TAC), superoxide dismutase enzyme(SOD), malondialdehyde, oxidized low-density lipoprotein(Ox-LDL), apolipoprotein H(Apo-H), fasting blood glucose(FBS), total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein(HDL), LDL, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. RESULTS: At baseline, the evaluated parameters were not significantly different between the intervention and control groups. At the end of the study, the mean serum levels of malondialdehyde and ox-LDL were significantly lower in the intervention group. The mean FBS, cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL were significantly lower in the intervention group. The mean TAC and HDL were significantly higher in the intervention group(P < 0.05). Moreover, the intervention group significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure. No other significant association was observed. CONCLUSION: Persian shallot extract has several beneficial effects in Met S patients, including optimizing oxidative balance, reducing blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, and blood lipid profile.

关键词： antioxidants medicine, Persian metabolic syndrome shallots

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Chiral phosphoramidite ligand-modulated palladium auto-tandem catalysis for asymmetric dehydrogenative dienylation of imines with α-alkenes

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Zhong-Sheng Nong Hao-Fan Qian Ying-Chun Chen Pu-Sheng Wang Liu-Zhu Gong Hefei National Research center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Key Laboratory of drug Targeting and drug Delivery System (Sichuan University) Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University School of Materials and Chemistry Southwest University of Science and Technology

The development of efficient processes allowing rapid access to complex chiral molecules from easily available alkenes is a long-term pursuit in the synthetic chemistry community. Transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric functionalization of allylic C–H bond represents a unique alternative toward this goal. However, enantioselective dehydrogenative transformation of olefins to value-added optically enriched molecules remains yet to be discovered. Here, we report a highly enantioselective dehydrogenative dienylation of imines with unactivated α-alkenes driven by the synergistic action of palladium complex and carboxylic acid. Chiral phosphoramidite ligands turned out to be superior in modulating the performance of palladium autotandem catalysis and allowed a broad range of α-alkenes and imines to be transformed into chiral dienylamines. Mechanistic studies suggest that the dienes could be in situ generated from α-alkenes through a palladium(0)-mediated dehydrogenative process in the presence of excess benzoquinone oxidants, and then participated in the Pd-chiral phosphoramidite-catalyzed intermolecular vinylogous-type addition to the imines activated by the carboxylic acid co-catalyst. Notably, the second β-H elimination occurring in the dienylation event might be the turnover-limiting step.

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Transforming osteosarcoma care:from historical milestones to precision medicine advances

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 290-294页

作者： Jichuan Wang David S.Geller Luyang Sun Xiaodong Tang Musculoskleletal Tumor center Beijing Key Laboratory for Musculoskeletal TumorsPeking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100041China department of Orthopedic Surgery Montefiore Medical CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronx 10471USA department of biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China

Osteosarcoma(OS),one of the earliest recognized cancers in humans,is a rare yet significant malignant bone tumor,diagnosed in 2-6 cases per million annually[1].It predominantly affects adolescents and young adults,with a second peak in incidence occurring around age *** osteosarcoma typically arises in areas of rapid bone growth,such as the knee and shoulder,and often presents persistent bone pain and progressive *** osteosarcoma often has a classic radiographic appearance,diagnosis is ultimately confirmed histologically.

关键词： osteosarcoma diagnosis annually

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I_(2)-DMSO mediated tetra-functionalization of enaminones for the construction of novel furo[2,3:4,5]pyrimido[1,2-b]indazole skeletons via in situ capture of ketenimine cations

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 277-282页

作者： You Zhou Li-Sheng Wang Shuang-Gui Lei Bo-Cheng Tang Zhi-Cheng Yu Xing Li Yan-Dong Wu Kai-Lu Zheng An-Xin Wu National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and HealthCollege of ChemistryCentral China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural drugs The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalSchool of PharmacyGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguan 523808China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and drug discovery Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SAR 999077China

The first-ever synthesis of the unknown furo[2,3:4,5]pyrimido[1,2-b]indazole skeleton was demonstrated based on the undiscovered tetra-functionalization of enaminones,with simple substrates and reaction *** key to realizing this process lies in the multiple trapping of the in situ generated ketenimine cation by the 3-aminoindazole,which results in the formation of four new chemical bonds and two new rings in one ***,the products of this new reaction were found to exhibit aggregationinduced emission(AIE)without modification.

关键词： Unknown skeleton Tetra-functionalization Ketenimine cations Aggregation-induced emission

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Olfactory receptors in neural regeneration in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2480-2494页

作者： Rafael Franco Claudia Garrigós Toni Capó Joan Serrano-Marín Rafael Rivas-Santisteban Jaume Lillo Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiomedicineFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain CiberNed Network center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Spanish National Health Institute Carlos ⅢMadridSpain School of Chemistry Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain department of biochemistry and Physiology School of Pharmacy and Food SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Laboratory of Computational Medicine Biostatistics UnitFaculty of MedicineAutonomous University of BarcelonaCampus BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

Olfactory receptors are crucial for detecting odors and play a vital role in our sense of smell,influencing behaviors from food choices to emotional *** receptors also contribute to our perception of flavor and have potential applications in medical diagnostics and environmental *** ability of the olfactory system to regenerate its sensory neurons provides a unique model to study neural regeneration,a phenomenon largely absent in the central nervous *** gained from how olfactory neurons continuously replace themselves and reestablish functional connections can provide strategies to promote similar regenerative processes in the central nervous system,where damage often results in permanent *** the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning olfactory neuron regeneration could pave the way for developing therapeutic approaches to treat spinal co rd injuries and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's *** ctory receptors are found in almost any cell of eve ry orga n/tissue of the mammalian *** ectopic expression provides insights into the chemical structures that can activate olfactory *** addition to odors,olfactory receptors in ectopic expression may respond to endogenous compounds and molecules produced by mucosal colonizing *** analysis of the function of olfactory receptors in ectopic expression provides valuable information on the signaling pathway engaged upon receptor activation and the receptor's role in proliferation and cell differentiation *** review explo res the ectopic expression of olfa ctory receptors and the role they may play in neural regeneration within the central nervous system,with particular attention to compounds that can activate these receptors to initiate regenerative *** suggests that olfactory receptors could serve as potential therapeutic targets for enhancing neural repair and recovery following central nervous syste

关键词： adenosine receptors adrenergic receptors ectopic expression G proteincoupled receptors glia neurons

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Sequencing and characterizing human mitochondrial genomes in the biobank-based genomic research paradigm

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Lintao Luo Mengge Wang Yunhui Liu Jianbo Li Fengxiao Bu Huijun Yuan Renkuan Tang Chao Liu Guanglin He Institute of Rare Diseases West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversitySichuan University department of Forensic Medicine College of Basic MedicineChongqing Medical University center for Archaeological Science Sichuan University Anti-drug Technology center of Guangdong Province

Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) harbors essential mutations linked to aging,neurodegenerative diseases,and complex muscle *** to its uniparental and haploid inheritance,mtDNA captures matrilineal evolutionary trajectories,playing a crucial role in population and medical ***,critical questions about the genomic diversity patterns,inheritance models,and evolutionary and medical functions of mtDNA remain unresolved or underexplored,particularly in the transition from traditional genotyping to largescale genomic *** review summarizes recent advancements in data-driven genomic research and technological innovations that address these questions and clarify the biological impact of nuclear-mitochondrial segments (NUMTs) and mtDNA variants on human health,disease,and *** propose a streamlined pipeline to comprehensively identify mtDNA and NUMT genomic diversity using advanced sequencing and computational ***-resolved mtDNA sequencing and assembly can distinguish authentic mtDNA variants from NUMTs,reduce diagnostic inaccuracies,and provide clearer insights into heteroplasmy patterns and the authenticity of paternal *** review emphasizes the need for integrative multi-omics approaches and emerging long-read sequencing technologies to gain new insights into mutation mechanisms,the influence of heteroplasmy and paternal inheritance on mtDNA diversity and disease susceptibility,and the detailed functions of NUMTs.

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Analysis of receptor-ligand binding by photoaffinity cross-linking

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Science China Chemistry 2014年第2期57卷 232-242页

作者： XU Bin WU Ling department of biochemistry and center for drug discovery Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA

Photoaffinity cross-linking is a fast developing technology for biomolecular interactions,including receptor-ligand *** chemical mechanisms of the most commonly used photoactivatable probes and their respective photochemistry are *** review focuses on the expanding utilities of this technology as a result of recent advances in the(i)identification of receptor contact sites,(ii)monitoring ligand-induced receptor conformational changes,(iii)identification of global binding surfaces,(iv)binding mode analysis using bifunctional photo-probes,(v)application of biosynthetic photo-probes,and(vi)examples of novel target discovery using this *** and future potential of this approach are also discussed.

关键词： photoaffinity cross-linking receptor-ligand interaction photoscanning bifunctional photo-probe biosynthetic photo-probe novel receptor discovery

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