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Neural network mapping of gelastic behavior in children with hypothalamus hamartoma

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 735-745页

作者： Zhi‑Hao Guo Jian‑Guo Zhang Xiao‑Qiu Shao Wen‑Han Hu Lin Sang Zhong Zheng Chao Zhang Xiu Wang Chun‑De Li Jia‑Jie Mo Kai Zhang department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNo.119 South 4th Ring West RoadFengtai DistrictBeijing 100070China department of Neurosurgery Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of Neurosurgery Beijing Fengtai HospitalBeijingChina

Background Hypothalamus hamartomas(HHs)are rare,congenital,tumor-like,and nonprogressive malformations resulting in drug-resistant epilepsy,mainly affecting *** seizures(GS)are an early hallmark of epilepsy with *** aim of this study was to explore the disease progression and the underlying physiopathological mechanisms of pathological laughter in *** We obtained clinical information and metabolic images of 56 HH patients and utilized ictal semiology evaluation to stratify the specimens into GS-only,GS-plus,and no-GS subgroups and then applied contrasted trajectories inference(cTI)to calculate the pseudotime value and evaluate GS *** logistic regression was performed to identify neuroimaging-clinical predictors of GS,and then voxelwise lesion network-symptom mapping(LNSM)was applied to explore GS-associated brain *** cTI inferred the specific metabolism trajectories of GS progression and revealed increased complexity from GS to other seizure *** was further validated via actual disease duration(Pearson R=0.532,P=0.028).Male sex[odds ratio(OR)=2.611,P=0.013],low age at seizure onset(OR=0.361,P=0.005),high normalized HH metabolism(OR=−1.971,P=0.037)and severe seizure burden(OR=−0.006,P=0.032)were significant neuroimaging clinical *** revealed that the dysfunctional cortico-subcortico-cerebellar network of GS and the somatosensory cortex(S1)represented a negative *** This study sheds light on the clinical characteristics and progression of GS in children with *** identified distinct subtypes of GS and demonstrated the involvement of specific brain regions at the cortical–subcortical–cerebellar *** valuable results contribute to our understanding of the neural correlates of GS.

关键词： Contrasted trajectories inference Gelastic seizure Hypothalamus hamartoma Lesion network-symptom mapping Neural basis

Trogocytosis of CAR molecule regulates CAR-T cell dysfunction and tumor antigen escape

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 326-337页

作者： You Zhai Yicong Du Guanzhang Li Mingchen Yu Huimin Hu Changqing Pan Di Wang Zhongfang Shi Xu Yan Xuesong Li Tao Jiang Wei Zhang department of Molecular Neuropathology Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingPR China department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingPR China department of Urology Peking University First HospitalInstitute of UrologyPeking UniversityNational Urological Cancer CenterBeijingPR China department of Pathophysiology Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingPR China China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingPR China Center of Brain Tumor Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijingPR China Research Unit of Accurate Diagnosis Treatmentand Translational Medicine of Brain TumorsChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingPR China Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas Network(CGGA)and Asian Glioma Genome Atlas Network(AGGA) BeijingPR China

Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cell therapy has demonstrated clinical response in treating both hematologic malignancies and solid *** instances of rapid tumor remissions have been observed in animal models and clinical trials,tumor relapses occur with multiple therapeutic resistance ***,while the mechanisms underlying the long-term therapeutic resistance are well-known,short-term adaptation remains less ***,more views shed light on short-term adaptation and hold that it provides an opportunity window for long-term *** this study,we explore a previously unreported mechanism in which tumor cells employ trogocytosis to acquire CAR molecules from CAR-T cells,a reversal of previously documented *** mechanism results in the depletion of CAR molecules and subsequent CAR-T cell dysfunction,also leading to short-term antigen loss and antigen *** type of intercellular communication is independent of CAR downstream signaling,CAR-T cell condition,target antigen,and tumor cell ***,it is mainly dependent on antigen density and CAR sensitivity,and is associated with tumor cell cholesterol *** mitigation of this trogocytosis-induced CAR molecule transfer can be achieved by adaptively administering CAR-T cells with antigen density-individualized CAR ***,our study reveals a dynamic process of CAR molecule transfer and refining the framework of clinical CAR-T therapy for solid tumors.

关键词： Together instance depletion

The clinical,radiological,and surgical characteristics of anterior perforated substance glioma:a retrospective study

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Chinese neurosurgical Journal 2024年第1期10卷 28-34页

作者： Zhiliang Wang Lianwang Li Zheng Wang Xuzhu Chen Zhong Zhang department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNo.119 South 4th Ring West RoadBeijing 100070People’s Republic of China department of Molecular Neuropathology Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of Radiology Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of Radiology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNo.119 South 4th Ring West RoadBeijing 100070People’s Republic of China

Background To explore the clinical,radiological,and surgical characteristics of anterior perforated substance(APS)*** Twenty patients with APS glioma who were treated with surgery between March 2019 and January 2022 from Tiantan hospital were retrospectively *** clinical,histological and radiological data were *** Twenty patients,including 7 males(55%)and 13 females(45%),with a mean age at diagnosis of 37.9 years(range,28-53 years)underwent operative intervention for *** and dizziness were the most common preoperative symptoms in the majority patients(14,70%).Based on radiological features of MRI,the APS was classified into two subtypes,type A and type *** patients(40%)in type A indicated a clear tumor margin,while 13 patients(60%)in type B showed an ill-defined *** surgical approach including frontal,temporal,and coronal frontal incisions for type A and type B tumors,*** patients in type A received total resection,while one patient in type B were total ***,12 cases(60%,12/20)were diagnosed as astrocytoma and 8 cases(20%,8/20)were ***,17 cases(85%,17/20)had MGMT promotor *** In this study,we performed the first systematic research of patients with APS *** of patients with APS presented headaches and dizziness *** APS glioma was further divided into two major radiological subtypes with relevant different surgical *** APS glioma in type A were more likely to receive total resection.

关键词： Anterior perforated substance Glioma Magnetic resonance imaging Operation

Advances in brain tumor therapy: from molecular diagnostics to novel treatments

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Junwen Zhang Ran Mu Fusheng Liu Brain Tumor Research Center Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Capital Medical University department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University

With the rapid increase in incidence and mortality, brain tumors have become a major social, economic, and public health problem worldwide. According to the latest report from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC),there are approximately 320,000 new cases and 250,000 deaths from brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors each year. The incidence and mortality rates rank 19th and 12th among all cancers (Bray et al., 2024), respectively,and are particularly prevalent in East Asia, Western Europe, and South *** like San Marino, Denmark, and Norway have the highest age-standardized incidence rates, while Central Europe and tropical Latin America have the highest age-standardized mortality and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) rates.

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A novel evasion guidance for hypersonic morphing vehicle via intelligent maneuver strategy

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 441-461页

作者： Xun LI Xiaogang WANG Hongyu ZHOU Yu LI department of Aerodynamics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China beijing Aerospace Technology institute Beijing 100074China

This paper presents a novel evasion guidance law for hypersonic morphing vehicles,focusing on determining the optimized wing's unfolded angle to promote maneuverability based on an intelligent ***,the pursuit-evasion problem is modeled as a Markov decision *** the agent's action consists of maneuver overload and the unfolded angle of wings,which is different from the conventional evasion guidance designed for fixed-shape *** reward function is formulated to ensure that the miss distances satisfy the prescribed bounds while minimizing energy ***,to maximize the expected cumulative reward,a residual learning method is proposed based on proximal policy optimization,which integrates the optimal evasion for linear cases as the baseline and trains to optimize the performance for nonlinear engagement with multiple ***,offline training guarantees improvement of the constructed evasion guidance law over conventional ***,the guidance law for online implementation includes only analytical *** maps from the confrontation state to the expected angle of attack and the unfolded angle while retaining high computational *** show that the proposed evasion guidance law can utilize the change of unfolded angle to extend the maximum overload *** it surpasses conventional maneuver strategies by ensuring better evasion efficacy and higher energy efficiency.

关键词： Hypersonic vehicles Variable-sweep wings Evasion guidance Reinforcement learning Pursuit-evasion problem

Small extracellular vesicles from hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attenuate spinal cord injury via miR-146a-5p-mediated regulation of macrophage polarization

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2259-2269页

作者： Zeyan Liang Zhelun Yang Haishu Xie Jian Rao Xiongjie Xu Yike Lin Chunhua Wang Chunmei Chen department of Neurosurgery Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Fujian neurosurgical institute FuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Spinal cord injury is a disabling condition with limited treatment *** studies have provided evidence suggesting that small extracellular vesicles(SEVs)secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)help mediate the beneficial effects conferred by MSC transplantation following spinal cord ***,hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived SEVs(HSEVs)exhibit increased therapeutic *** thus explored the role of HSEVs in macrophage immune regulation after spinal cord injury in rats and their significance in spinal cord *** or HSEVs were isolated from bone marrow MSC supernatants by density gradient *** administration to rats via tail vein injection after spinal cord injury reduced the lesion area and attenuated spinal cord *** regulate macrophage polarization towards the M2 phenotype in vivo and in *** RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses of SEVs and HSEVs revealed that mi R-146a-5p is a potent mediator of macrophage polarization that targets interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase *** mi R-146a-5p expression in HSEVs partially attenuated macrophage *** data suggest that HSEVs attenuate spinal cord inflammation and injury in rats by transporting mi R-146a-5p,which alters macrophage *** study provides new insights into the application of HSEVs as a therapeutic tool for spinal cord injury.

关键词： bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells hypoxia preconditioning interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 macrophages mesenchymal stem cells small extracellular vesicles spinal cord injury

Evaluation of the EMBOPIPE flow diverter device: in vivo and in vitro experiments

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中华神经外科杂志(英文) 2024年第3期10卷 1-9页

作者： Zhu Yongnan Zeng Fanyan Liu Jian Mu Shiqing Zhang Ying Xinjian Yang department of beijing neurosurgical institute Fengtai District Capital Medical University No. South Fourth Ring West Road Beijing People’s Republic of China Fengxian District Heartcare Medical Technology Co. Ltd Building No. Zhengbo Road Shanghai People’s Republic of China neurosurgical institute & department of Neurosurgery Fengtai District Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University No. South Fourth Ring West Road Beijing People’s Republic of China

Background Although flow diverter device (FDD) has brought revolutionized advances in endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms, it also presents considerable drawbacks as well, as the innovation for novel device has never stopped. This preclinical research aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a newly developed FDD, the EMBOPIPE, through in vivo and in vitro *** Aneurysms were induced in 20 New Zealand white rabbits which were randomized to three follow-up groups according to the time elapsed after EMBOPIPE implantation (28, 90, and 180 days). Additional EMBOPIPEs were implanted in the abdominal aorta to cover the renal artery in nine rabbits. Angiography was performed immediately after device placement in all groups. Aneurysm occlusion, patency of renal arteries, and pathological outcomes were assessed. For the in vitro experiments, we measured the thrombogenic potential of EMBOPIPEs (n = 5) compared with bare stents (n = 5) using the Chandler loop model. Evaluation indicators were the platelet counts, macroscopic observations and scanning electron *** EMBOPIPEs were successfully deployed in 19 of 20 rabbit aneurysms (95.0%). The rates of complete or near-complete aneurysm occlusion were 73.3%, 83.3%, and 100% in the 28-, 90-, and 180-day groups, respectively. All renal arteries covered by EMBOPIPEs remained patent, and the mean difference in renal artery diameter before and after the device placement in the three groups was 0.07 mm, 0.10 mm, and 0.10 mm, respectively (p = 0.77). Renal pathology was normal in all cases. The pathological findings of the aneurysms were as follows: thickened and adequate neointimal coverage at the aneurysm neck, minimal inflammatory response, near-complete smooth muscle cell layer, and endothelialization along the device. In vitro experiments showed that the platelet counts were significantly higher in EMBOPIPE blood samples than in bare stent samples and that platelet adhesion to the devic

关键词： Coating Flow diverter Phosphorylcholine Rabbit aneurysm model Thrombogenicity

High-dose dexamethasone regulates microglial polarization via the GR/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway after traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2611-2623页

作者： Mengshi Yang Miao Bai Yuan Zhuang Shenghua Lu Qianqian Ge Hao Li Yu Deng Hongbin Wu Xiaojian Xu Fei Niu Xinlong Dong Bin Zhang Baiyun Liu beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of Neurology The First Hospital of Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina department of Neurotrauma and beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of Critical Care Medicine Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Center for Nerve Injury and Repair Beijing Institute of Brain DisordersChina National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijingChina

Although microglial polarization and neuroinflammation are crucial cellular responses after traumatic brain injury,the fundamental regulatory and functional mechanisms remain insufficiently *** potent anti-inflammato ry agents,the use of glucoco rticoids in traumatic brain injury is still controversial,and their regulatory effects on microglial polarization are not yet *** the present study,we sought to determine whether exacerbation of traumatic brain injury caused by high-dose dexamethasone is related to its regulatory effects on microglial polarization and its mechanisms of *** vitro cultured BV2 cells and primary microglia and a controlled cortical impact mouse model were used to investigate the effects of dexamethasone on microglial ***,dexamethasone,RU486(a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist),and ruxolitinib(a Janus kinase 1 antagonist)were ***-sequencing data obtained from a C57BL/6 mouse model of traumatic brain injury were used to identify potential targets of *** Morris water maze,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,western blotting,immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy analysis,and TUNEL,Nissl,and Golgi staining were performed to investigate our ***-throughput sequencing results showed that arginase 1,a marker of M2 microglia,was significantly downregulated in the dexamethasone group compared with the traumatic brain injury group at3 days post-traumatic brain *** dexamethasone inhibited M1 and M2 microglia,with a more pronounced inhibitory effect on M2microglia in vitro and in *** receptor plays an indispensable role in microglial polarization after dexamethasone treatment following traumatic brain ***,glucocorticoid receptor activation increased the number of apoptotic cells and neuronal death,and also decreased the density of dendritic spines.A possible downstream receptor signaling mechanism is th

关键词： apoptosis BV2 microglia dexamethasone glucocorticoid receptor glucocorticoids innate immune system microglial polarization neuroinflammation primary microglia traumatic brain injury

Phase-field simulations of the effect of temperature and interface for zirconiumδ-hydrides

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 701-710页

作者：陈子航盛杰刘瑜施小明黄厚兵许可王越超武帅孙博刘海风宋海峰 School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Advanced Research institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational MathematicsBeijing 100088China department of Physics University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Hydride precipitation in zirconium cladding materials can damage their integrity and *** temperature and material defects have a significant effect on the dynamic growth of *** this study,we have developed a phasefield model based on the assumption of elastic behaviour within a specific temperature range(613 K-653 K).This model allows us to study the influence of temperature and interfacial effects on the morphology,stress,and average growth rate of zirconium *** results suggest that changes in temperature and interfacial energy influence the length-to-thickness ratio and average growth rate of the hydride *** ultimate determinant of hydride orientation is the loss of interfacial coherency,primarily induced by interfacial dislocation defects and quantifiable by the mismatch degree *** escalation in interfacial coherency loss leads to a transition of hydride growth from horizontal to vertical,accompanied by the onset of redirection ***,redirection occurs at a critical mismatch level,denoted as qc,and remains unaffected by variations in temperature and interfacial ***,this redirection leads to an increase in the maximum stress,which may influence the direction of hydride crack *** research highlights the importance of interfacial coherency and provides valuable insights into the morphology and growth kinetics of hydrides in zirconium alloys.

关键词： zirconium hydride phase-field method temperature effect mismatch degree