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Helicobacter pylori infection and low serum pepsinogen I level as risk factors for gastric carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第7期11卷 1032-1036页

作者： Arto Kokkola Johanna Louhimo Pauli Puolakkainen Henrik Alfthan Caj Haglund Hilpi Rautelin department of Surgery department of Clinical Chemistry department of bacteriology and Immunology

AIM: To study whether examination of CagA antibodies could increase the odds ratio for gastric cancer in a casecontrol study, and how often other serum markers of gastric cancer risk could be found in Helicobacter pylori-negative patients. METHODS: H pylori CagA and parietal cell antibodies (PCAs), and serum pepsinogen I (SPGI) levels were compared between patients with gastric cancer and controls who received endoscopic examination due to reasons other than gastrointestinal malignancy. RESULTS: The odds ratio (OR) for gastric cancer was 2.9 (95% CI 1.4-5.8) in H pylori + patients, and 2.4 (95% CI 1.2-4.9) in CagA+ patients. When results of H pylori and CagA antibodies were combined, OR increased to 5.0 (95% CI 2.5-10.0). Furthermore, if cardia cancer patients were excluded, the OR increased to 6.8 (95% CI 3.1-14.8). Among patients with a low SPGI level, the OR was 12.0 (95% CI 4.1-35.3). However, the risk was significant only in the older age group. The number of patients with low SPGI was significantly higher in H pylori -/CagA+ patients as compared to other cancer patients. CONCLUSION: Examination of both H pylori and CagA antibodies increases the OR for gastric cancer in our casecontrol study. CagA antibodies are important in detecting previous H pylori infection in advanced atrophic gastritis or cancer when spontaneous decline of H pylori antibodies occurs. SPGI may be helpful in screening elderly gastric cancer patients.

关键词： Gastric cancer Risk factor Atrophic gastritis

Inflammation and immunosuppression in severe acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第23期16卷 2867-2872页

作者： Marja-Leena Kylnp Heikki Repo Pauli Antero Puolakkainen department of Surgery University of Helsinki department of bacteriology and Immunology Haartman InstituteUniversity of Helsinki

Acute pancreatitis(AP) is a common disease,which usually exists in its mild ***,in a fifth of cases,the disease is severe,with local pancreatic complications or systemic organ dysfunction or *** the development of organ failure is the major cause of death in AP,early identification of patients likely to develop organ failure is *** is initiated by intracellular activation of pancreatic proenzymes and autodigestion of the *** of the pancreatic parenchyma first induces an inflammatory reaction locally,but may lead to overwhelming systemic production of inflammatory mediators and early organ ***,anti-inflammatory cytokines and specific cytokine inhibitors are *** anti-inflammatory reaction may overcompensate and inhibit the immune response,rendering the host at risk of systemic *** present,there is no specific treatment for *** understanding of the pathogenesis of systemic inflammation and development of organ dysfunction may provide us with drugs to ameliorate physiological disturbances.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Organ failure Inflammatory response Immunosuppression Coagulation

Prokaryotic expression, localization and function of the infectious laryngotracheitis virus glycoprotein G

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第18期50卷 2033-2038页

作者： SUN Zhaogang ZHANG Manfu Lab of Animal Molecular virology College of Biological Science China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China department of bacteriology and Immunology Beijing TB & thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing 101149 China

The infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) glycoprotein G (gG) gene of E3 and Zhonghai strains was cloned, sequenced and compared with the gG gene of other Type I animal herpesviruses. To find the localization and the function of the gG in the infected cells, the 35 kD fusion pro-tein (His-GG) was expressed by inserting the coding region of gG except for the signal peptide into pET30a (+). After puri-fication of the His-GG fusion protein, the rats’ antibody to the His-GG was prepared and purified by using the protein G Sepharose. Results of laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) detection showed that the ILTV gG was in the peri-nuclear region and membrane of chicken embryo liver (CEL) and kidney (CEK) cells, and that the gG accumulated more in the coalescent part than in the other parts of the adjacent CEL or CEK cells. The plaque size and the one-step growth curve tests suggested that the ILTV gG was required for viral growth by cell-to-cell direct infection in tissue-cultured CEL cells.

关键词：原核表达糖蛋白传染性喉气管炎缩氨酸

A global overview of the most important zoonotic bacteria pathogens transmitted from Rattus norvegicus to humans in urban environments

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Infectious Medicine 2022年第3期1卷 192-207页

作者： Sahar Sabour Taher Azimi Ahmad Nasser Nahal Hadi Amin Mohsenzadeh Aref Shariati department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran department of bacteriology&virology School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical ScienceShirazIran department of Pathobiology School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran department of Microbiology Ardabil BranchIslamic Azad UniversityArdabilIran Molecular and medicine research center Khomein University of Medical SciencesKhomeinIran

Zoonotic pathogens,comprising over 61%of all pathogenic microorganisms,can be transmitted from different animals to individuals in numerous ways either in the presence or the absence of a *** new emerging human infectious diseases,these pathogens could be categorized into 4 groups,bacteria,viruses,parasites,and *** the wide range of reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens,tremendous attention has been attracted to wild rats,due to their global distribution not only in urban environments but also in the sylvatic and agricultural *** the nonce,zoonotic bacteria transmitted via wild rats have turned into a global public health problem probably due to their ability to induce re-emerging diseases even after eradication and controlling *** the importance of wild rats in spreading pathogens,little data are available about the bacterial diversity present in urban wild rat *** this review,we present a complete list of zoonotic bacterial pathogens isolated from wild rats in urban environments.

关键词： Zoonosis Bacterial diseases Zoonotic diseases Wild rats Rattus rattus

Vaccine against Helicobacter pylori : Inevitable approach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第11期22卷 3150-3157页

作者： Amin Talebi Bezmin Abadi department of bacteriology Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares University

Over three decades have passed since the discovery of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori), and yet many questions about its treatment remain unanswered. For example, there is no certainty regarding continued use of current antibiotic therapy against H. pylori. The bad news is that even combined regimens are also unable to eradicate bacterial colonization. The worst problem with H. pylori chemotherapy is that even if we identify the most successful regimen, it cannot eliminate the risk of re-infection. This problem is further complicated by the fact that clinicians have no information as to whether probiotics are useful or not. Moreover, to date, we have no large scale produced vaccine effective against H. pylori. Due to the relatively rapid and abundant dissemination of guidelines globally reported concerning management of gastric cancer prevention and therapeutic regimens, clinicians may choose a vaccine as better effective weapon against H. pylori. Therefore, a radical shift in adopted strategies is needed to guide ultimate decisions regarding H. pylori management. In light of failures in vaccine projects, we should identify better vaccine design targeting conserved/essential genes. The unique character and persistence of H. pylori pose obstacles to making an effective vaccine. Preferably, in developing countries, the best reasonable and logical approach is to recommend prophylactic H. pylori vaccine among children as an obligatory national program to limit primary colonization. Trying to produce a therapeutic vaccine would be postponed until later. In reality, we should not forget to prescribe narrow spectrum antibiotics. In the current review, I draw a route to define the best adopted strategy against this rogue bacterium.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori vaccine eradication Probiotic

Resistance to clarithromycin and gastroenterologist's persistence roles in nomination for Helicobacter pylori as high priority pathogen by World Health Organization

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第35期23卷 6379-6384页

作者： Amin Talebi Bezmin Abadi department of bacteriology Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares University

Due to the increasing prevalence of clarithromycin resistance, future of management of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infections need to be recognized. To now, clarithromycin was the best effective, well-tolerated and safe antibiotic used in treatment of the bacterium, but, increasing trend of resistance reduced efficacy of recommended regimens. Indeed, gastroenterologists are mostly unable to start appropriate therapyaccording to the sensitivity profile-due to the certain difficulties in routine H. pylori culture procedure and being time consuming method. This announcement by World Health Organization(WHO) was an onset to reconsider current challenging dilemma about H. pylori clarithromycin resistant isolates. Therefore, investigating of various factors affecting this nomination by WHO is highly welcomed. In fact, WHO enumerated more than 16 pathogens which seriously threats human life and public health, thus better management or effective guidelines are necessary. Here for the first time, we nominated this phenomenon as ‘‘gastroenterologist's persistence'' which should be equally investigated as antibiotic resistance. The ability of gastroenterologists to win the game against H. pylori infections is highly influenced by their collaboration with diagnostic laboratories to apply susceptibility patterns before any prescription. In conclusion, closer collaboration between two important partners(gastroenterologists and microbiologists) in management of H. pylori infection may hopefully trigger an era to remedy current crisis in clarithromycin resistance, a later gastric cancer can be practically preventable.

关键词： Resistance Clarithromycin Helicobacter pylori World Health Organization

Association of Helicobacter pylori IgA antibodies with the risk of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第43期11卷 6871-6874页

作者： Timo U Kosunen Kari Seppl Seppo Sarna Arpo Aromaa Paul Knekt Jarmo Virtamo Anniina Salomaa-Rsnen Hilpi Rautelin department of bacteriology and Immunology Gastroenterological Research Unit department of Public Health National Public Health Institute

AIM: To compare the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (Hpylori) IgG and IgA antibodies between adult subjects,with defined gastric diseases, nondefined gastric disorders and those representing the ***: Data on H pylori IgG and IgA antibodies,determined by enzyme immunoassay, were analyzed in 3 252 subjects with DGD including 482 patients with gastric ulcer, 882 patients with duodenal ulcer, 1 525patients with chronic gastritis only and 363 subjects with subsequent gastric cancer, 19 145 patients with NoDg and4 854 POPUL subjects. The age-adjusted prevalences were calculated for 1- and 20-year age ***: The prevalences of IgG antibodies were equally high (89-96%) in all 20-year age cohorts of the DGD groups, whereas the prevalences of IgG antibodies were lower and increased by age in the POPUL and NoDg groups. The prevalences of IgA antibodies were also higher in the DGD groups; among them CA (84-89%) and GU groups (78-91%) showed significantly higher prevalences than DU (68-77%) and CG patients (59-74%) (OR 2.49, 95%CI 1.86-3.34 between the GU and DU groups). In the CA, GU, and DU groups, the IgA prevalences showed only minor variation according to age, while they increased by age in the CG, POPUL, and NoDg groups (P≤0.0001). The IgA response, but not the IgG response, was associated with an increased risk of CA (OR 2.41, 95%CI 1.79-3.53) and GU (OR 2.57,95%CI 1.95-3.39) in comparison with CG ***: An IgA antibody response during H pylori infection is significantly more common in CA and GU patients as compared with CG patients.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori IgA antibodies Gastriccancer Gastric ulcer Duodenal ulcer Chronic gastritis

Bacillus subtilis produces(p)ppGpp in response to the bacteriostatic antibiotic chloramphenicol to prevent its potential bactericidal effect

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mLife 2022年第2期1卷 101-113页

作者： Jin Yang Jessica T.Barra Danny K.Fung Jue D.Wang department of bacteriology University of WisconsinMadisonUSA

Antibiotics combat bacteria through their bacteriostatic(by growth inhibition)or bactericidal(by killing bacteria)***,it has been proposed that bactericidal antibiotics trigger cellular damage,while bacteriostatic antibiotics suppress cellular ***,we demonstrate how the difference between bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of the antibiotic chloramphenicol can be attributed to an antibiotic-induced bacterial protective response:the stringent *** targets the ribosome to inhibit the growth of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus ***,we found that chloramphenicol becomes bactericidal in *** mutants unable to produce(p)*** observed a similar(p)ppGpp-dependent bactericidal effect of chloramphenicol in the Gram-positive pathogen Enterococcus *** ***,chloramphenicol treatment induces(p)ppGpp accumulation through the action of the(p)ppGpp synthetase RelA.(p)ppGpp subsequently depletes the intracellular concentration of GTP and antagonizes GTP *** GTP regulation is critical for preventing chloramphenicol from killing ***,as bypassing(p)ppGpp-dependent GTP regulation potentiates chloramphenicol killing,while reducing GTP synthesis increases ***,chloramphenicol treatment protects cells from the classical bactericidal antibiotic vancomycin,reminiscent of the clinical phenomenon of antibiotic *** together,our findings suggest a role of(p)ppGpp in the control of the bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of antibiotics in Gram-positive bacteria,which can be exploited to potentiate the efficacy of existing antibiotics.

关键词： antibiotic tolerance bactericidal antibiotic bacteriostatic antibiotic GTP (p)ppGpp

Luciferase reporter phage phAE85 for rapid detection of rifampicin resistance in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第9期6卷 728-731页

作者： Gomathi Sivaramakrishnan Balaji Subramanyam Ponnuraja C Vanaja Kumar department of bacteriology National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis(Formerly Tuberculosis Research Centre)

Objective:To evaluate luciferase reporter phage(LRP)phAE85 in rapid detection of rifampicin resistance in a region where TB is ***:One hundred and ninety primary isolates on Lowenstein-Jensen medium were *** 7H9 complete medium with and without rifampicin at 2μg/mL was inoculated with standard inoculum from suspensions of the clinical *** incubation for 72 h,LRP was *** 4 h of further incubation,light output from both control and test was measured as relative light *** exhibiting a reduction of less than 50%relative light units in the drug containing vial compared to control were classified as *** were compared with the conventional minimum inhibitory concentration method(MIC)of drug susceptibility ***:The two methods showed high level of agreement of 97%(CI 0.94,0.99)and P value was 0.000 *** sensitivity and specificity of LRP assay for detection of rifampicin resistance were 91%h(CI 0.75,0.98)and 99ct(CI0.95,1.00)*** to detection of resistance by LRP assay was 3 d in comparison with 28 d by the minimum inhibitory concentration ***:LRP assay with phAE85 is 99%specific,91%sensitive and is highly *** the assay offers a simple procedure for drug sensitivity testing,within die scope of semi-automation.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rifampicin resistance Rapid detection