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Diets, eco-environments and seasonal variations recorded in the oxygen and carbon isotopic compositions of mammal tooth enamel from the Shunshanji site,Sihong County,Jiangsu Province,China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第30期58卷 3788-3795页

作者： TIAN XiaoSi ZHU Cheng SHUI Tao HUANG YunPing The department of History of Nanjing University Chizhou College School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences of Nanjing University Faculty of archaeology and Museology Peking University

The carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of the tooth enamel of mammals,including deer,wild pigs,buffaloes and domesticated pigs from the Shunshanji site,Sihong County,Jiangsu Province,China,were analyzed to reconstruct the mammals’ecoenvironments and diets,and to evaluate seasonal variations in the study *** isotopic compositions of buck samples revealed that the deer ate completely C3 plants and the environments they inhabited were relatively open and that wild pigs ate primarily C3 *** isotopic compositions indicated that the body sources of these two mammals were different,*** deer and pigs lived in different niches within a relatively similar *** domesticated pigs were isotopically more positive than the ancient wild pigs in carbon 13C values,suggesting the former ingested more C3 plants relative to the *** the 18O data showed modern domesticated and ancient pigs had similar oxygen isotope compositions,their water sources were *** carbon and oxygen isotopic patterns of premolar microsamples of ancient and modern buffaloes indicated that the plants ingested by the ancient buffalo varied with seasonal shifts,but plants ingested by the modern buffalo were relatively *** eco-environment of the modern buffalo was more open,warmer and drier than eco-environment of the ancient buffalo,which may be the result of the deforestation and other human *** and modern seasonal changes were clearly recorded in the isotopic patterns and the seasonal variation amplitudes of the ancient and modern eco-environments were similar.

关键词：碳同位素组成氧同位素组成生态环境哺乳动物季节变化泗洪县江苏省饮食

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A Geospatial Analysis of Mycenaean Habitation Sites Using a Geocumulative versus Habitation Approach

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第1期6卷 111-131页

作者： George Malaperdas Nikolaos Zacharias department of History Archaeology and Cultural Resources Management University of the Peloponnese Kalamata Greece

In this study GIS and spatial analysis were applied in order to thoroughly examine possible relationships between the location of Mycenaean (16th - 11th c. BC) settlements in Messenia and the geomorphological characteristics of the area of their establishment. The idea lying behind this attempt is that the Mycenaeans would not have established their habitation sites randomly but according to decisive criteria, among which geomorphological characteristics played an important role. Such criteria include land aspect, terrain slopes, the hydrographic network and the geology of the area, all significant factors which need to be taken into consideration in order to evaluate the choice of settlement establishment. The combination of all available geological and environmental data with archaeological records provides a better view of the way local environments were built up in the past in association with the human site exploration and habitation;this view, hereafter defined as the Geocumulative versus Habitation (GCH) approach, constitutes the axis of the present study. The results of the study show a clear tendency in choosing settlement locations according to GCH criteria, resulting in a preference for flat to low-lying ground, in an environmentally friendly orientation (with environmental conditions such as protection from the north wind and at the same time profit by the sunlight), facilitating exploitation of local geological resources and of the hydrographic network.

关键词： GIS Environmental Parameters Mycenaean Era Messenia Greece Site Location

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3D Finite Elements Technique for Collapse Causes of the Pylons in Egyptian Temples: A Study of the Great Pylon of Ramesseum Temple, Luxor, Egypt

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Open Journal of Geology 2019年第13期9卷 1022-1041页

作者： Essam H. Mohamed Archaeological Conservation department Faculty of Archaeology South Valley University Qena Egypt

This research presents damage causes of the pylons in the ancient Egyptian temples based on 3D finite elements analysis. The main purpose of the research determines the failure causes of the first pylon of the Ramessium temple, which is situated in Upper Egypt, at Luxor “Thebes” on the west bank of the Nile River. The first pylon of Ramessium temple subjected to seismic activity effects on long term, combined with several structural damage factors such as the defects resulting from the construction technique, where the builder used the poor quality of stones in foundations of the pylon, the building materials residue was used as filler for the core of the pylon walls, and it lacked vertical joints between the courses. In addition to it founded on alluvial soil that is vulnerable to contaminated water, it is still suffering damage factors and urban trespasses at the moment. All of the former factors helped the pylon to be affected by the earthquakes loads that occurred on it. The structural behavior of the pylon under self-weight and earthquakes loads were carried out by Numerical analysis to find out the loads and stresses which caused collapsing of the pylon. Results of the study indicated that the pylon subjected to a horizontal displacement due to old earthquakes force, led to collapse of the pylon. Finally, the study represents use of modern technique to study the structural behavior of the most important architectural units in ancient Egyptian temples to identify the causes of its collapse.

关键词： The Great Pylon of Ramessium Temple Collapse Causes 3D Finite Elements Numerical Models Horizontal and Vertical Displacement

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A pioneer of research on aureomycin synthesis and bacterial nitrogen fixation in China:Shen San-Chiun

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蛋白质与细胞:英文版 2023年第8期14卷 551-555页

作者： Huan Liu Jianliang Huang Wanying Gao Hao Cheng department for the History of Science and Scientific archaeology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan 430072China Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Shen San-Chiun(1917-2021)(Fig.1)is a well-known microbial biochemist and molecular geneticist in *** was elected as a member(academician)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in *** studying and retuming to China,he has successively worked at Zhejiang University and Shanghai Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of *** to the changing needs during the development of the country,Shen San-Chiun resolutely changed his career,specializing in the research of aureomycin synthesis and bacterial nitrogen fixation.

关键词： successively Shen Chi

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An Experimental Study on Using Laser for Cleaning Metal Threads

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2020年第4期8卷 46-63页

作者： Neama A. Shehata Mohamed A. Marouf Badawy M. Ismail department of Archeology Restoration Sohag National Museum Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities Sohag Egypt Conservation department Faculty of Archaeology Sohag University Sohag Egypt Conservation department Faculty of Archaeology Luxor University Luxor Egypt

Samples of metal threads were prepared, underwent artificial aging, and cleaned using laser applications to define the efficiency of cleaning that gives the best results without affecting the components of the thread, including metal, fibers, or dyes. The present study aimed to investigate and evaluate laser cleaning of the corroded metal embroidery, revealing the chemical composition of the corrosion and prop and evaluating the effects of laser cleaning on the surface of the metal threads. It utilized SEM and LM to provide morphological information about the surface and the cleaning effect. Moreover, SEM-EDX was used to define the elemental composition, and XRD was employed to offer information on the metal. The restoration of cultural heritage depends on defining the devastating changes to the man-made pieces. It compares pre-and post-restoration conditions of the object (e.g. painting, photography, and material analysis), controlling the conditions that are almost irrevocable. An Interval Digital Macro-photography is employed to control the corrosion PS tests for a long period of museum exhibition [1].

关键词： Experimental Laser Corrosion Cleaning Metal Threads

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Subspecies in Przewalski's gazelle Procapra przewalskii and its conservation implication

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第16期58卷 1897-1905页

作者： MARDAN Turghan JIANG ZhiGang GROVES Colin P YANG Ji FANG HongXia Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences department of archaeology and Anthropology Australian National University

Przewalski’s gazelle Procapra przewalskii is an endangered species endemic to China. A question remains about subspecific variation in this species. Skulls of Przewalski’s gazelle collected from its current remnant ranges around the Qinghai Lake in combination with those collected prior to the 20th century were measured and analyzed using Hierarchical Cluster Analysis in order to clarify the question. Unexpectedly, P. p. diversicornis, extirpated from its historic range, has spread to the Qinghai Lake region where it has replaced nominotypical P. p. przewalskii and is now restricted to a few small isolated populations around the lake. We discuss the causes of this unexpected replacement. In this study, we discuss the possibility of a new form, possibly a new subspecies, in the Guide Basin, adjacent to Qinghai Lake; it is unclear whether the new form has long existed and was only discovered in recent years, or whether it evolved in recent times due to the geographical isolation and anthropogenic landscape features. The study sheds light on the processes of microevolution and subspeciation in Procapra przewalskii, and based on the findings, we propose measures for conservation strategies for Przewalski’s gazelle.

关键词：普氏原羚亚种保护青海湖地区濒危物种聚类分析普氏野马贵德盆地

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archaeology and Sustainable Development:Examples from the Urban Mind Project

Archaeology and Sustainable Development:Examples from the Ur...

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北京论坛（2011）文明的和谐与共同繁荣--传统与现代、变革与转型

作者： Henrik Lekenvall department of archaeology and Ancient History Uppsala University

archaeology has,in the context of sustainable development,usually been associated with different strategies and forms of heritage ***,archaeology could also play part in the current climate change discussion,and contribute with substantial data and knowledge to confronting many of the sustainability issues in the world *** this paper,I will show ex- amples of how archaeology may contribute to informing urban planning for sustainable urban *** intellectual framework of this approach to archaeology and sustainable development originates from the multi-disciplinary project called the'Urban Mind'.Scholars from Uppsala University,Stockholm University and the Royal Institute of Technology have formulated the concept as part of the IHOPE(Integrated History and Future of People on Earth)initiative,which is also supported by WHEN,the World Historical Ecology Network,recently established in Upp- sala. The aim of the Urban Mind project is to provide a historic and humanist perspective to the study of sustainable urban *** can partly be understood by using a global perspective in the study of urban dwellers'cognitive and physical landscape,and how this has changed from the first settlements c.10 000 years ago until the more recent *** long span of time in- cludes many short and long periods of fluctuating societal'well-being'because societies have experienced periods of expansion and recession,as well as development and collapse during ru- ral/urban *** climate during this time is characterized by variation and change on global,regional and local magnitude. Urban Mind is based on the combined efforts on investigating urban development and envi- ronmental change by scholars from humanistic and natural science *** the project,case stu- dies from Africa,Eurasia and the Americas illustrate discontinuities and continuities over time,and the structure of local,regional and global'urban minds',with focus on periods o

关键词： archaeology Urbanism Sustainable Development Urban Mind

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Assessment of the Current State of Qanibay al-Rammah Complex (908 AH/1502 AD), as a Procedure Precedes the Restoration Process

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Open Journal of Geology 2020年第1期10卷 71-91页

作者： Essam H. Mohamed Archaeological Conservation department Faculty of Archaeology South Valley University Qena Egypt

An assessment should be made of the current state of the historic buildings before starting in any intervention procedures. Where, any procedures of conservation of the building must be outrun by a perfect diagnosis according to the international conventions. Chemical, physical, mechanical properties and structural status are extremely important to give information about the current condition of Qanibay al-Rammah madrasa, which situated within Saladin square in Historic Cairo. This building has been affected by several deterioration factors since the construction and still suffering damage factors at the moment, which led to the occurrence of several damage aspects to the building, such as fissures in architectural elements, granular disintegration, loss of stone material, peeling of limestone surface, splitting in building material, the efflorescence of salts, pitting in limestone surface, black spots in stone surface, hard black crust, etc. The aim of this study is evaluation of the condition of Qanibay al-Rammah madrasa by two methods, firstly by different scientific techniques such as X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), EDX analytical methods, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Polarizing Light Microscopy (PLM), and Stereo Microscopy, and secondly by Numerical analysis based on 3D finite elements analysis to determine the critical places of the building. The followed methodology in this study allowed us to the assessment of the current status of the building by various scientific techniques to determine the real causes of damage, which must be taken into account during the intervention procedures.

关键词： Madrasa of Qanibay al-Rammah The Current Status Building Materials Characteristics Structural Behavior Scientific Techniques Numerical Analysis

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Study Correlation between Physical-Mineralogical Properties of Sandstone Used in Ptolemaic Temples in Upper Egypt and Its Weathering Resistance

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2022年第5期10卷 371-384页

作者： Essam H. Mohamed department of Archaeological Conservation Faculty of Archaeology South Valley University Qena Egypt

This article focuses on study of a relation between physical-mineralogical properties of sandstone used in Ptolemaic temples in Upper Egypt and its resistance of deterioration factors affecting it. In the present study, sandstone samples were collected from four sites;namely the temples of Dendera, Esna, Edfu and Kom Ombo which are located in Upper Egypt. Polarized light microscope (PLM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to determine mineralogical properties, microstructure, and chemical compositions of the deteriorated sandstone samples, addition to physical properties tests;results of the study confirmed that sandstone samples containing a high percentage of salts, clay minerals and iron oxides have been significantly affected by deterioration factors. The deteriorated sandstone samples were treated by paraloid B72 3% enhanced with Nano silica 5% to improve the physical properties of stone. Results of the study indicated that the samples which were consolidated by Nanoparticles based on acrylic Copolymers (Paraloid B72 and its Nanocomposite with Nano silica) achieved the best results for improvement of its physical-mineralogical properties. This is the ultimate aim of the study for the purpose of conservation and sustainability of building materials of the temples.

关键词： Sandstone Ptolemaic Temples Physical-Mineralogical Properties Weathering Resistance of Sandstone Consolidation Materials

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Preliminary study on ESR method for dating age of Hexian Man

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1995年第15期40卷 1318-1320页

作者：黄培华郑丽珍全裕才梁任又徐云华房迎三方笃生 department of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Structure Research Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Institute of archaeology of Anhui Province Hefei 230001 China

The fossil skull of Homo erectus hexianens was excaved in Longtan Cave, Taodian Vil-lage. Hexian County. Anhui Province in 1980. It is an important event since the fossilskulls of Peking Man. Bejing and Lantian Man. S... 详细信息

关键词： Preliminary study on ESR method for dating age of Hexian Man ESR

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