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Cl^(-)ions accelerating interface charge transfer in a Si/In_(2)S_(3) Faradaic junction photocathode for solar seawater splitting

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 2923-2929页

作者： Jun Luo Ruotong Bao Hongzheng Dong Ye Fu Dongjian Jiang Bo Wang Yuzhan Zheng Qiong Wang Wenjun Luo Zhigang Zou Eco-materials and Renewable Energy Research Center(ERERC) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano TechnologyNational Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructuresCollege of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and department of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Photoelectrocatalytic seawater splitting is a promising low-cost method to produce green hydrogen in a large *** effects of Cl^(-)ions in seawater on the performance of a photoanode have been reported in previous ***,few researches have been done on the roles of Cl^(-)ions in a ***,for the first time,we find that Cl^(-)ions in the electrolyte improve the photocurrent of a Si/In_(2)S_(3) photocathode by 50% at-0.6 v_(RHE).An in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)characterization combined with the time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry by simulating photoelectrochemical conditions was used to investigate the interface charge transfer *** results suggest that there is an In_(2)^(+3)S_(3-x)(OH)_(2x)layer on the surface of In_(2)S_(3) in the phosphate buffer solution(PBS)electrolyte,which plays a role as an interface charge transfer mediator in the Si/In_(2)S_(3) *** In_(2)^(+3)S_(3-x)(OH)_(2x)surface layer becomes In_(2)^(+3)S_(3-x)(Cl)_(2x)in the PBS electrolyte with NaCl and accelerates the charge transfer rate at the In_(2)S_(3)/electrolyte *** results offer a new concept of regulating interface charge transfer mediator to enhance the performance of photoelectrocatalytic seawater splitting for hydrogen production.

关键词： solar hydrogen production interface charge transfer mechanism coupled electron and ion transfer in-situ XPS characterization In_(2)^(+3)S_(3-x)(OH)_(2x)surface layer

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Polyethylene interfacial dielectric layer for organic semiconductor single crystal based field-effect transistors

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 431-435页

作者： Min Chen Boyu Peng Xuyun Guo Ye Zhu Hanying Li department of Polymer Science and Engineering MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationInternational Research Center for X PolymersShanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China department of applied Physics Research Institute for Smart EnergyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Organic semiconductor single crystals(OSSCs) have shown their promising potential in high-performance organic field-effect transistors(OFETs). The interfacial dielectric layers are critical in these OFETs as they not only govern the key semiconductor/dielectric interface quality but also determine the growth of OSSCs by their wetting properties. However, reported interfacial dielectric layers either need rigorous preparation processes, rely on certain surface chemistry reactions, or exhibit poor solvent resistance, which limits their applications in low-cost, large-area, monolithic fabrication of OSSC-based OFETs. In this work, polyethylene(PE) thin films and lamellar single crystals are utilized as the interfacial dielectric layers, providing solvent resistive but wettable surfaces that facilitate the crystallization of 6,13-bis(tri-isopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene(TIPS-PEN) and 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)-5,7,12,14-tetraazapentacene(TIPS-TAP). As evidenced by the presence of ambipolar behavior in TIPS-PEN single crystals and the high electron mobility(2.3 ± 0.34 cm^(2)v^(-1)s^(-1)) in TIPS-TAP single crystals, a general improvement on electron transport with PE interfacial dielectric layers is revealed, which likely associates with the chemically inertness of the saturated C-H bonds. With the advantages in both processing and device operation, the PE interfacial dielectric layer potentially offers a monolithic way for the enhancement of electron transport in solution-processed OSSC-based OFETs.

关键词： Polyethylene Interfacial dielectric layer Organic semiconductor Single crystal Organic field-effect transistors

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Provenance and depositional setting of the Late MiocenePleistocene clastic sediments in the eastern Arabian Peninsula and western Iraq using rare earth elements geochemistry

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 399-410页

作者： Salih M.Awadh Zinah S.Al-Ankaz Mohanad R.A.Al-Owaidi John S.Armstrong-Altrin department of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq department of Geology College of ScienceUniversity of WasitWasit 52011Iraq department of applied Geology College of ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabylon 51001Iraq Unidad de Procesos Oceanicos y Costeros Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y LimnologíaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad Universitaria04510 Mexico CityCDMXMexico department of Marine Sciences Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirapalliTamil Nadu 620024India

The sandstones of the Late miocene–Pliocene Dibdibba Formation in the Najaf–Karbala Plateau and Basra were examined to determine their source rocks and origin. The rare earth elements(REE) and trace elements(Sc, Co, v, and Th) concentrations in these sandstones revealed that they likely derived from a single source. The steep light rare earth elements(LREE) and flat, heavy rare earth element(HREE) patterns, negative Eu anomaly, and high ΣREE contents in sandstones suggest its derivation from a suggests that a passive continental margin environment and originated from felsic source rocks. The average concentration of ΣREE is 93.5 ppm, which is lower than that of the average crustal compositions like Upper Continental Crust and Post Archean Australian Shale. The higher proportion of LREE compared to HREE implies that these sandstones were recycled and derived from a distal source. The Th/Co, Th/Sc, La/Sc, La/Co, Eu/Eu*and(La/Lu)cn elemental ratios indicated that these Late Miocene–Pliocene sandstones were derived from felsic rocks located in the marginal region of the Arabian Shield.

关键词： REE Dibdibba formation Clastic sediments Passive continental margin

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A machine learning-guided design and manufacturing of wearable nanofibrous acoustic energy harvesters

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9181-9192页

作者： Negar Hosseinzadeh Kouchehbaghi Maryam Yousefzadeh Aliakbar Gharehaghaji Safoora Khosravi Danial Khorsandi Reihaneh Haghniaz Ke Cao Mehmet R.Dokmeci Mohammad Rostami Ali Khademhosseini Yangzhi Zhu Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation Los AngelesCA 91367USA department of Textile Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)Hafez Avenue*** TehranIran department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T1Z4Canada Chemical Sciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA department of Computer Science University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90007USA

Nanofibrous acoustic energy harvesters(NAEHs)have emerged as promising wearable platforms for efficient noise-to-electricity conversion in distributed power energy systems and wearable sound amplifiers for assistive listening ***,their reallife efficacy is hampered by low power output,particularly in the low-frequency range(vel approach to enhance the performance of NAEHs by applying machine learning(ML)techniques to guide the synthesis of electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride(PvDF)/polyurethane(PU)nanofibers,optimizing their application in wearable *** use a feed-forward neural network along with solving an optimization problem to find the optimal input values of the electrospinning(applied voltage,nozzle-collector distance,electrospinning time,and drum rotation speed)to generate maximum output performance(acoustic-to-electricity conversion efficiency).We first prepared a dataset to train the network to predict the output power given the input variables with high *** introducing the neural network,we fix the network and then solve an optimization problem using a genetic algorithm to search for the input values that lead to the maximum energy harvesting *** ML-guided wearable PvDF/PU NAEH platform can deliver a maximal acoustoelectric power density output of 829μW/cm^(3) within the surrounding noise *** addition,our system can function stably in a broad frequency(0.1-2 kHz)with a high energy conversion efficiency of 66%.Sound recognition analysis reveals a robust correlation exceeding 0.85 among lexically akin terms with varying sound intensities,contrasting with a diminished correlation below 0.27 for words with disparate semantic ***,this work provides a previously unexplored route to utilize ML in advancing wearable NAEHs with excellent practicability.

关键词： wearable electronics acoustic energy harvester machine learning piezoelectric nanogenerator electrospun nanofiber

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DYNAMICS FOR A CHEMOTAXIS MODEL WITH GENERAL LOGISTIC DAMPING AND SIGNAL DEPENDENT MOTILITY

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第3期44卷 1046-1063页

作者：涂馨予穆春来邱蜀燕张静 School of Mathematics and Statistics Southwest UniversityChongqing400715China department of applied Mathematics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong KongChina College of Mathematics and Statistics Chongqing UniversityChongqing401331China School of Sciences Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China

In this paper,we consider the fully parabolic Chemotaxis system with the general logistic source{ut=Δ(γ(v)u)+λu-μu^(k),x∈Ω,t>0,vt=△v+wz,x∈Ω,t>0,wt=-wz,x∈Ω,t>0,zt=△z-z+u,x∈Ω,t>0 whereΩ⊂ℝn(n≥1)is a smooth and bounded domain,λ≥0,μ≥0,κ>1,and the motility function satisfies thatγ(v)∈C3([0,∞)),γ(v)>0,γ′(v)≤0 for all v≥*** the Neumann boundary condition,we obtain the global boundedness of solutions if one of the following conditions holds:(i)λ=μ=0,1≤nλ3;(ii)λ>0,μ>0,combined withκ>1,1≤n≤3 or k>n+2/4,,n>***,we prove that the solution (u, v, w, z) exponentially converges to the constant steady state ((λ/μ)1/k-1,∫Ωv0dx+∫Ωw0dx/|Ω|,0,(λ/μ)1/k-1).

关键词： chemotaxis signal-dependent motility logistic source boundedness asymptotic behavior

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Highly Active Interfacial Sites in SFT-SnO2 Heterojunction Electrolyte for Enhanced Fuel Cell Performance via Engineered Energy Bands:Envisioned Theoretically and Experimentally

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第03期7卷 388-401页

作者： Sajid Rauf Muhammad Bilal Hanif Faiz Wali Zuhra Tayyab Bin Zhu Naveed Mushtaq Yatao Yang Kashif Khan Peter D.Lund Martin Motola Wei Xu College of Electronic and Information Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Radio frequency Heterogeneous Integration Shenzhen University department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University in Bratislava College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University School of Energy and Environment Southeast University School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China New Energy Technologies Group Department of Applied PhysicsAalto University School of Science

Extending the ionic conductivity is the pre-requisite of electrolytes in fuel cell technology for high-electrochemical *** this regard,the introduction of semiconductor-oxide materials and the approach of heterostructure formation by modulating energy bands to enhance ionic conduction acting as an electrolyte in fuel ***（n-type; SnO2） plays a key role by introducing into p-type SrFe0.2Ti0.8O3-δ（SFT） semiconductor perovskite materials to construct p-n heterojunction for high ionic ***,two different composites of SFT and SnO2are constructed by gluing p-and n-type SFT-SnO2,where the optimal composition of SFT-SnO2（6:4） heterostructure electrolyte-based fuel cell achieved excellent ionic conductivity 0.24 S cm-1with power-output of1004 mW cm-2and high OCv 1.12 v at a low operational temperature of500℃.The high power-output and significant ionic conductivity with durable operation of 54 h are accredited to SFT-SnO2heterojunction formation including interfacial conduction assisted by a built-in electric field in fuel cell ***,the fuel conversion efficiency and considerable Faradaic efficiency reveal the compatibility of SFT-SnO2heterostructure electrolyte and ruled-out short-circuiting ***,the first principle calculation provides sufficient information on structure optimization and energy-band structure modulation of *** strategy will provide new insight into semiconductor-based fuel cell technology to design novel electrolytes.

关键词： high ionic conductivity interfacial conduction modulated energy band structure p-n heterojunction semiconductors

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Toxicity Evaluation of Different Exposure Scenarios of Road Dust Using Daphnia magna and Artemia salina as Aquatic Organisms, and Prosopis cineraria and vachellia tortilis as Native Plant Species

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2024年第3期13卷 73-86页

作者： Hilal K. Al-Shidi Hameed Sulaiman department of Educational Studies University of Technology and Applied Sciences Khasab Oman department of Biology Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman

Particulate matter (PM10) deposited as road dust is considered an important source of contamination from atmosphere. However, there are limited studies on the toxicity of road dust as such on different organisms. This study evaluates the toxicity of road dust using different extraction scenarios on Daphnia magna and Artemia salina as aquatic organisms and also on Prosopis cineraria and vachellia tortilis as local plant species. Chemical analysis of different extracts shows considerable amount of trace metals, however the trace metals in the dust extract associated with suspended sediment were not absorbed by the receptors. On the other hand, the concentration of trace metals in the artificial mixture was found bioavailable and absorbed causing a high percentage of mortality. In the plant assay, significant difference was obtained in the germination percentage between the control and three different extraction exposures in both plant species. The mean root length of P. cineraria and v. tortilis were higher in 20% and 50% extracts than the control probably due to the availability of nutrients from the dust extract. Interestingly however, the seedling vigor index was the opposite with higher index in the control and lower in dust extracts that contain heavy metals.

关键词： Road Dust Heavy Metals Toxicity Bioavailability Holding Time

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An examination of thematic research,development,and trends in remote sensing applied to conservation agriculture

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 77-95页

作者： Zobaer Ahmed Aaron Shew Lawton Nalley Michael Popp v.Steven Green Kristofor Brye Center for Advanced Spatial Technologies University of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Environmental Dynamics Program University of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA department of Agricultural economics and Agribusiness University of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA College of Agriculture Arkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture Little RockARUSA department of Crop Soiland Environmental SciencesUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA

Conservation agriculture seeks to reduce environmental degradation through sustainable management of agricultural *** the 1990s,agricultural research has been conducted using remote sensing technologies;however,few previous reviews have been conducted focused on different conservation management *** of the previous literature has focused on the application of remote sensing in agriculture without focusing exclusively on conservation practices,with some only providing a narrative review,others using biophysical remote sensing for quantitative estimates of the bio-geo-chemical-physical properties of soils and crops,and few others focused on single agricultural management *** paper used the preferred reporting items for systematic review(PRISMA)methodology to examine the last 30 years of thematic research,development,and trends associated with remote sensing technologies and methods applied to conservation agriculture research at various spatial and temporal scales.A set of predefined key concepts and keywords were applied in three databases:Scopus,Web of Science,and Google Scholar.A total of 188 articles were compiled for initial examination,where 68 articles were selected for final analysis and grouped into cover crops,crop residue,crop rotation,mulching,and tillage *** on conservation agriculture research using remote sensing have been increasing since 1991 and peaked at 10 publications in *** the 68 articles,94%used a pixel-based,while only 6%used an object-based classification *** to 2005,tillage practices were abundantly studied,then crop residue was a focused theme between 2004 and *** 2012 to 2020,the focus shifted again to cover *** spectral indices were used in 76%of the 68 *** examination offered a summary of the new potential and identifies crucial future research needs and directions that could improve the contribution of remote sensing to the provision of long-term operat

关键词： Remote sensing Conservation agriculture Classification algorithm Spatial resolution Satellite Spectral indices PRISMA

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Efficient Communication in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Optimized Energy Efficient Engroove Leach Clustering Protocol

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 985-1001页

作者： N.Meenakshi Sultan Ahmad A.v.Prabu J.Nageswara Rao Nashwan Adnan Othman Hikmat A.M.Abdeljaber R.Sekar Jabeen Nazeer SRM Institute of Science and Technology KattankulathurChennai 603203India department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj 11942Saudi Arabia University Center for Research and Development(UCRD) Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohali 140413India department of ECE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur 522502India department of Computer Science and Engineering Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering(A)NTR District 521230India department of Computer Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbil 44001Iraq department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyApplied Science Private UniversityAmman 11937Jordan department of Electronics and Communication Engineering(ECE) School of EngineeringPresidency UniversityBangalore 834001India

The Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is a network that is constructed in regions that are inaccessible to human *** widespread deployment of wireless micro sensors will make it possible to conduct accurate environmental monitoring for a use in both civil and military *** make use of these data to monitor and keep track of the physical data of the surrounding environment in order to ensure the sustainability of the *** data have to be picked up by the sensor,and then sent to the sink node where they may be *** nodes of the WSNs are powered by batteries,therefore they eventually run out of *** energy restriction has an effect on the network life span and environmental *** objective of this study is to further improve the Engroove Leach(EL)protocol’s energy efficiency so that the network can operate for a very long time while consuming the least amount of *** lifespan of WSNs is being extended often using clustering and routing *** Meta Inspired Hawks Fragment Optimization(MIHFO)system,which is based on passive clustering,is used in this study to do *** cluster head is chosen based on the nodes’residual energy,distance to neighbors,distance to base station,node degree,and node *** on distance,residual energy,and node degree,an algorithm known as Heuristic Wing Antfly Optimization(HWAFO)selects the optimum path between the cluster head and Base Station(BS).They examine the number of nodes that are active,their energy consumption,and the number of data packets that the BS *** overall experimentation is carried out under the MATLAB *** the analysis,it has been discovered that the suggested approach yields noticeably superior outcomes in terms of throughput,packet delivery and drop ratio,and average energy consumption.

关键词： wireless sensor networks energy efficient engroove leach protocol meta inspired Hawks fragment optimization heuristic wing antfly optimization

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Method for the multi-view estimation of fish mass using a two-stage neural network with edge-sensitive module

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 222-229页

作者： Zeyu Jiao Yingjie Cai Qi Zhang Zhenyu Zhong Guangdong Key Laboratory of Modern Control Technology Institute of Intelligent ManufacturingGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510070China department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China College of economics and Management Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina

The estimation of fish mass is one of the most basic and important tasks in *** the mass of fish at different growth stages is of great significance for feeding,monitoring the health status of fish,and making breeding plans to increase *** existing estimation methods for fish mass often stay in the 2D plane,and it is difficult to obtain the 3D information on fish,which will lead to the *** solve this problem,a multi-view method was proposed to obtain the 3D information of fish and predict the mass of fish through a two-stage neural network with an edge-sensitive *** the first stage,the side-and downward-view images of the fish and some 3D information,such as side area,top area,length,deflection angle,and pitch angle,were captured to estimate the size of the fish through two vertically placed *** the area of the fish at different views was estimated accurately through the pre-trained image segmentation neural network with an edgesensitive *** the second stage,a fully connected neural network was constructed to regress the fish mass based on the 3D information obtained in the previous *** experimental results indicate that the proposed method can accurately estimate the fish mass and outperform the existing estimation methods.

关键词： fish mass multi-view estimation two-stage neural network edge-sensitive module image segmentation

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