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Analysis of factors affecting diagonal tension and compression capacity of corner joints in furniture frames fabricated with dovetail key

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第1期24卷 155-168页

作者： Mosayeb Dalvand Ghanbar Ebrahimi Akbar Rostampour Haftkhani Sadegh Maleki department of Wood and Paper science and Technology Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of TehranKarajIran.

This study was conducted to analyze the effect of joint type, and numbers and types of dovetail keys on diagonal tension and compression performance of corner joints in a furniture frame. Joint members were cut from white fir lumber. Butted and mitered joints were constructed with one and two dovetail key（s） with butterfly and H shapes. Joints were glued by polyvinyl acetate （PVAc） and cynoacrylate （CA）. Compression capacity of joints was higher than diagonal tension. Mitered joints were stronger than butted ones. Butterfly dovetail keys were superior to H shape keys. Double keys performed better than single key. Experimental joints glued with PVAc were stronger than those glued with CA glue and control specimens. In terms of strength, butterfly dovetailed joints were comparable with doweled joints.

关键词： diagonal tension diagonal compression dovetail key joints lumber

Evaluation of the efficiency of irrigation methods on the growth and survival of tree seedlings in an arid climate

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第3期12卷 495-507页

作者： Zahra JAFARI SayedHamid MATINKHAH Mohammad R MOSADDEGHI Mostafa TARKESH department of natural resources Isfahan University of TechnologyIsfahan ***Iran department of Soil science Department of AgricultureIsfahan University of TechnologyIsfahan ***Iran

Scarce and scattered precipitation in arid regions is detrimental for newly planted *** is essential to provide required water storage for seedlings in restoration projects in the first year of their *** subsurface irrigation can be much more effective than the surface irrigation because of the regulation of water availability and reduction in water *** studied the effect of surface and subsurface irrigation methods on the growth and survival of four common tree species including heaven tree(Ailanthus altissima(Mill.)Swingle),China berry(Melia azedarach L.),white mulberry(Morus alba L.),and black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)by installing underground clay reservoirs with different permeabilities in Isfahan City,*** amounts of animal manure and wheat straw were mixed with clay fraction and cooked in a pottery kiln at 900°C to produce reservoirs with different *** experimental treatments consisting of irrigation and tree species were considered with a factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with three replications in 2016 and *** water potential of seedlings,which is indirectly related to drought resistance,was measured by a portable pressure *** results showed that saplings height,basal diameter,number of leaves,chlorophyll content and stomatal conductance were significantly(P0.05)affected by the irrigation methods and different permeabilities of clay *** clay reservoirs with low and medium permeabilities constantly provide better conditions for plant growth,and water with lower pressure and longer time intervals to the plant roots as compared with the reservoirs with high *** of variance of the data showed that year and interaction between year and permeability of reservoir had si

关键词： subsurface irrigation clay reservoirs permeability restoration arid area

Biological treatments as a mean to improve feed utilization in agriculture animals——An overview

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2015年第3期14卷 534-543页

作者： Nahla A Abdel-Aziz Abdelfattah Z M Salem Mounir M El-Adawy Luis M Camacho Ahmed E Kholif Mona M Y Elghandour Borhami E Borhami department of animal and Fish Production Faculty of Agriculture Alexandria University faculty of Veterinary Medicine and animal science Autonomous University of the State of Mexico Dairy science department National Research Centre faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Autonomous University of Guerrero

As a result of agriculture practices, million tons of agriculture are produced as a secondary or by-products; however, with low nutritive values. Many methods are applied to improve the nutritive value and increase its utilization in ruminant＇s nutrition. The biological treatments are the most common with more safe-treated products. In most cases, the biological treatments are paralleled with decreased crude fiber and fiber fractions content with increased crude protein content. Direct-fed microbial and exogenous enzymes to animal are other ways of biological methods for improving nutritive value of feeds. Here in this review, we will try to cover the biological treatments of by-products from different sides view with different types of animals and different animal end-products.

关键词： biological treatment by-products nutrition nutritive values

Seasonal changes in Porteresia coarctata (Tateoka) beds along a subtropical coast

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2013年第1期31卷 1-9页

作者： ABU HENA M K department of animal science and Fishery Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences University Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus

Shoot density, standing crop （above- and below-ground biomass） and habitat of salt marsh grass Porteresia coarctata were investigated along the coast of Bakkhali estuary, Cox＇s Bazar, Bangladesh from January to December 2006. Shoot density of P. coarctata was influenced by season and was found to be higher （〉2 500 shoots/m2） in post-monsoon and minimal in monsoon season; plants were particularly active in vegetative propagation during pre-monsoon. Above-ground biomass was greater along the protected coast compared with the exposed one in this estuary. Below-ground biomass was higher （7.75-269.53 g DW/m2） than that above ground （2.20-114.75 g DW/m2）. Standing crops ofP. coarctata showed a negative relationship （R=-0.77; P〈0.05） with sedimentation rate, while seasonal activity influenced sedimentation. The recorded sedimentation rate was lower （6.09 mg/（cm2·d）） in pre-monsoon and highest （14.55 mg/（cm2·d）） in monsoon season. The mean value of pore water salinity was higher （34.25±65.05） during post-monsoon and lowest （18.0±3.71） in monsoon season. The soil was sandy clay in this P. coarctata bed; it consisted of 86% sand, 13% clay and 1% silt. Soil organic matter dropped during the monsoon season （0.78%-0.67%） and was highest （（2.17±1.42）%-（2.3±1.47）%） during post-monsoon, probably owing to accumulation of decomposed peat on the marsh surface. The mean pore water NH4-N concentration ranged from 2.444-1.65 to 3.33±1.82 μg/L, with a minimum air temperature of 22.09℃ in post-monsoon and a maximum of 31.16℃ in pre-monsoon. Variations of physico-chemical parameters in the soil, water, and climate governed biological parameters of P. coarctata in the Bakkhali estuary, and were comparable with estuarine environments elsewhere.

关键词： standing crop salt marsh Porteresia coarctata Bangladesh

ANFIS and ANNs model for prediction of moisture diffusivity and specific energy consumption potato,garlic and cantaloupe drying under convective hot air dryer

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Information Processing in agriculture 2018年第3期5卷 372-387页

作者： Mohammad Kaveh Vali Rasooli Sharabiani Reza Amiri Chayjan Ebrahim Taghinezhad Yousef Abbaspour-Gilandeh Iman Golpour department of Agricultural Machinery College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran department of Biosystems Engineering Faculty of AgricultureBu-Ali Sina UniversityHamedanIran Moghan College of agriculture and natural resources University of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran department of Biosystems Engineering Faculty of AgricultureUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran

The main purpose of this study was to develop and apply an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS)and Artificial Neural Networks(ANNs)model for predicting the drying characteristics of potato,garlic and cantaloupe at convective hot air *** experiments were conducted at the air temperatures of 40,50,60 and 70C and the air speeds of 0.5,1 and l.5 m/*** properties were including kinetic drying,effective moisture diffusivity(Deff)and specific energy consumption(SEC).The highest value of Deff obtained 9.76×10^-9,0.13×10^-9 and 9.97×10^-10 m^2/s for potato,garlic,and cantaloupe,*** lowest value of SEC for potato,garlic,and cantaloupe were calculated 1.94105,4.52105 and 2.12105 kJ/kg,*** revealed that the ANFIS model had the high ability to predict the Deff(R^2=0.9900),SEC(R^2=0.9917),moisture ratio(R^2=0.9974)and drying rate(R^2=0.9901)during *** ANFIS method had the high ability to evaluate all output as compared to ANNs method.

关键词： Convective hot air drying Drying kinetics Effective moisture diffusivity ANFIS ANNs

Effects of metal oxide nanoparticles on soil water retention curve and tensile strength

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Pedosphere 2024年第6期34卷 1136-1145页

作者： Elahe DARAEI Hossein BAYAT Pouya ZAMANI department of Soil science and Engineering Faculty of Agriculture Bu-Ali Sina University department of animal science Faculty of Agriculture Bu-Ali Sina University

Generally,nanotechnology plays an very important role in various applied scientific *** and magnesium nanoparticles （NPs） can cause positive or negative changes in soil physical and mechanical properties,especially in long *** aim of this study was to investigate the multi-year effects of NPs on soil water retention and aggregate tensile strength.A wheat farm loamy soil was amended with 1%,3%,and 5%（weight/weight） of magnesium oxide（Mg O） and iron oxide （Fe3O4） NPs in three replications and incubated for three *** contents were measured at different matric suctions of 0,10,20,40,60,100,300,1 000,and 15 000 *** van Genuchten model was fitted to the moisture *** strength was measured on the 2–4 mm aggregates at matric suctions of 300 （i.e.,field capacity） and 15 000 （i.e.,permanent wilting point） *** results showed that the levels of 1%and 3%Fe3O4NPs significantly increased water retention,compared to the no NP application control and 5%Mg O NPs,which is probably due to the increase of adsorption surfaces in the treated *** contents at field capacity and permanent wilting point in the 5%Mg O NP treatment decreased compared to those of the other treatments,due to the increased soil vulnerability and reduced soil fine *** application of Fe3O4NPs did not have any significant effect on soil tensile *** on the results of this study,soil physical and mechanical properties could be affected by NP application.

关键词： field capacity iron oxide nanoparticles magnesium oxide nanoparticles matric suction permanent wilting point soil water content surface morphology van Genuchten model

Soil Salinity Changes in the Jordan Valley Potentially Threaten Sustainable Irrigated agriculture

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Pedosphere 2013年第3期23卷 376-384页

作者： T.G.AMMARI R.TAHHAN S.ABUBAKE Y.AL-ZU'BI A.TAHBOUB R.TA'ANY S.ABU-ROMMAN N.AL-MANASEER M.H.STIETIYA department of Water resources and Environmental Management Faculty of Agricultural Technology Al-Balqa' Applied University department of natural resources and Environment Faculty of Agriculture Jordan University of Science and Technology department of Plant Production and Protection Faculty of Agricultural Technology Al-Balqa' Applied University department of Biotechnology Faculty of Agricultural Technology Al-Balqa' Applied University department of Land Water and Environment Faculty of Agriculture University of Jordan

The integrated effect of irrigation and agricultural practices on soil salinity in the Jordan Valley （JV）, where over 60% of Jordan＇s agricultural produce is grown, was investigated in this study during 2009-2010. Due to the differences in agricultural operations, cropping patterns, irrigation management, and weather conditions, 206 top- and sub-soil samples were taken every 1 to 3 km from representative farms along a north-south （N-S） transect with 1 to 2 km lateral extents. Soil electrical conductivity of saturated extract （ECse）, Ca, Mg, K, Na, CI, and Na adsorption ratio （SAR） were determined in saturated paste extracts. Results indicated that about 63% of soils in the JV are indeed saline, out of which almost 46% are moderately to strongly saline. Along the N-S transect of the JV, ECse increased from 4.5 to 14.1 dS m-1 in top-soil samples. Similar increase was observed for the sub-soil samples. The major chemical components of soil salinity; i.e., Ca, Mg, and C1, also showed a similar increase along the N-S transect of the valley. Moreover, compared to previous field sampling, results showed that changes in soil salinity in the JV were dramatic. In addition, it was found that C1 imposed an existing and potential threat to sensitive crops in 60% of the soils in the JV, where C1 concentrations were greater than 710 mg L-1. Under the prevalent arid Mediterranean conditions, improving the management of .irrigation water, crops, and nutrient inputs and increasing water and fertilizer use efficiencies should be indispensable to conserve and sustain the already fragile agricultural soils in the JV.

关键词： agricultural practices chloride electrical conductivity irrigation water quality soil salinization

Understanding divergent domestication traits from the whole-genome sequencing of swamp-and river-buffalo populations

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National science Review 2020年第3期7卷 686-701页

作者： Xier Luo Yu Zhou Bing Zhang Yi Zhang Xiaobo Wang Tong Feng Zhipeng Li Kuiqing Cui Zhiqiang Wang Chan Luo Hui Li Yanfei Deng Fenghua Lu Jianlin Han Yongwang Miao Huaming Mao Xiaoyan Yi Cheng Ai Shigang Wu Alun Li Zhichao Wu Zijun Zhuo Do Da Giang Bikash Mitra Mohammad Farhad Vahidi Shahid Mansoor Sahar Ahmed Al-Bayatti Eka Meutia Sari Neena Amatya Gorkhali Sigit Prastowo Laiba Shafique Guoyou Ye Qian Qian Baoshan Chen Deshun Shi Jue Ruan Qingyou Liu State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangxi University CAS Key Laboratory of Genome sciences and Information Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences National Engineering Laboratory for animal Breeding Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern agriculture Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic resources Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences International Livestock Research Institute faculty of animal science and Technology Yunnan Agricultural University Bacgiang agriculture and Forestry University Cellular Immunology Lab Department of Zoology University of North Bengal animal Biotechnology department Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran-North Region 11. National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering 12. Animal Genetic Sources DepartmentDirectorate of Animal Resources Ministry of Agriculture 13. Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture Syiah Kuala University 14. Animal Breeding DivisionNational Animal Science Research Institute Nepal Agriculture Research Council 15. Animal Science Department Universitas Sebelas Maret 16. International Rice Research Institute

Domesticated buffaloes have been integral to rice-paddy agro-ecosystems for millennia, yet relatively little is known about the buffalo genomics. Here, we sequenced and assembled reference genomes for both swamp and river buffaloes and we re-sequenced 230 individuals(132 swamp buffaloes and 98 river buffaloes)sampled from across Asia and Europe. Beyond the many actionable insights that our study revealed about the domestication, basic physiology and breeding of buffalo, we made the striking discovery that the divergent domestication traits between swamp and river buffaloes can be explained with recent selections of genes on social behavior, digestion metabolism, strengths and milk production.

关键词： Bubalus bubalis genome buffalo domestication re-sequencing traits

Geochemical indices of soil development on basalt rocks in arid to sub-humid climosequence of Central Iran

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Journal of Mountain science 2020年第7期17卷 1652-1669页

作者： Ahmad HEIDARI Alireza RAHEB Soil science department College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of TehranKarajP.O.Box 4111Iran

Quantitative weathering indices are efficient tools in determining the soil development from the underlying *** order to evaluate the effects of climate on the soils developed under an arid to sub-humid climosequence in central Iran,twenty soil-development indices were *** samples from six pedons were analyzed for routine physico-chemical and geochemical analyses using X-ray fluorescence(XRF).The lowest and highest calculated soil development indices were observed in the arid and sub-humid regions *** the studied indices,fifteen indices showed similar trends concerning the intensity of *** consistency of such trends reveals the feasibility of using these indices to evaluate basalt weathering rate and soil development in arid,semi-arid and sub-humid *** study demonstrated that,among the evaluated weathering indices,the Weathering Index of Parker(WIP)and mass transfer coefficient(τ)were the most proper indices for predicting basalt weathering *** is due to the fact that these indices use the highly mobile earth elements which are the most sensitive elements in basalt chemical *** calculated indices were subdivided into three subgroups including the ratios of mobile/immobile,mobile/mobile and immobile/mobile elements based on the elements used in their *** state of soil evolution was more accurately predicted compared to the other subgroups using the mobile/immobile subgroup of ***,the weathering indices calculated using the mobile elements are better indicators of weathering intensity,soil formation and the exogenous processes across the arid to sub-humid climosequence.

关键词： Basalt Climosequence Geochemical properties Aridisols Mollisols Inceptisols