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Comparative study of adsorptive role of carbonaceous materials in removal of UV-active impurities of paclitaxel extracts

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2015年第6期5卷 396-399页

作者： Jaber Nasiri Elaheh Motamedi Mohammad Reza Naghavi department of agronomy and plant Breeding Division of Molecular Plant Genetics College of Agricultural & Natural Resources University of Tehran

Graphite oxide （GO） and reduced graphene oxide （rGO） nanosheets were synthesized with a low-cost manufacturing method. The morphology and structures of the synthesized samples were studied using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, atomic force microscopy （AFM）, Fourier-transform infrared （FTIR） and Raman spectroscopy. The efficiencies of GO and rGO as novel candidate adsorbents in the pre-purification of paclitaxel were compared and contrasted with those of commercial graphite （Gt）, graphene （G） and multi-wall carbon nanotube （MWCNT）. According to UV-vis and HPLC analyses, rGO was evaluated as the best absorbent for the removal of impurities in pre-purification of paclitaxel from plant cell cultures. In contrast, the GO had the poorest proficiency for paclitaxel pre-purification in comparison with the other carbonaceous adsorbents. This is attributed to the existence of many localized defects in the π-π structure of GO that is related to weakness of π-π stacking interactions between crude extract impurities and GO.

关键词： PaclitaxelReduced graphene oxideGraphite oxidePurificationCarbon nanotube

Identification and Characterization of Genes Responsible for Drought Tolerance in Rice Mediated by Pseudomonas fluorescens

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Rice science 2017年第5期24卷 291-298页

作者： Manjesh SAAKRE Thirthikar Meera BABURAO Abida Puthenpeedikal SALIM Rose Mary FFANCIES Valasala Poothecty ACHUTHAN George THOMAS Sajeevan Radha SIVARAJAN Centre for plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology/department of genetics and plant Breeding/department of agronomy College of Horticulture Kerala Agricultural University Vellanikkara Thrissur 680656 Kerala India

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses which adversely affect crop plants limiting growth and yield potential.Structural and functional characterization of drought stress-induced genes has contributed to a better understanding of how plants respond and adapt to the drought stress.In the present study,differential display technique was employed to study the gene expression of rice plants at the reproductive stage that were subjected to drought stress by withholding water,Pseudomonas fluorescens strain(Pf1) treated plants subjected for drought stress by withholding water and control(well-watered).Differentially expressed c DNAs of six genes(COX1,PKDP,b ZIP1,AP2-EREBP,Hsp20 and COC1) were identified,cloned and sequenced.Real-time q PCR analysis showed that all the six genes were upregulated in drought-stressed plants treated with Pf1.This revealed that the remarkable influence of Pf1 colonization leads to drought tolerance at the reproductive stage.These results showed that high levels of gene expression in plants lacking adequate water can be remarkably influenced by Pf1 colonization,which might be a key element for induced systemic tolerance by microbes.

关键词： rice drought tolerance Pseudomonas fluorescens differential display reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction quantitative real-time PCR transcript derived fragment

Performance of Iranian Okra Ecotypes Under Various Accelerated Aging Conditions

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Horticultural plant Journal 2019年第1期5卷 17-23页

作者： Ghasem Parmoon Seyed Amir Moosavi Seyed Ataollah Siadat department of agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mohaghegh Ardabili department of plant Production and genetics Faculty of Agriculture Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University

Knowledge of seed quality and preservation of okra seeds is very limited, and the main purpose of this study was to simulate the condition of seed quality loss during storage and the physiological implications, which has led to seed vigor loss. A factorial experiment was conducted with the aim of studying the mechanism of longevity loss of the three endemic okra ecotypes of Iran(Ahwaz, Isfahan, Mashhad) in response to different accelerated aging durations(24, 48, 96, and 192 h). The accelerated aging condition was incubation of seeds to the temperature of 40 °C with 99% humidity. Germination of okra seeds was improved at 24 and 48 h compared to non-aged seeds, while at 192 h of accelerated aging, seed germination(49%) reduced to 50% of its value in 48 h(96.4%). Our results revealed that Iranian okra ecotypes were able to survive accelerated aging conditions up to 48 h. Antioxidant enzyme activity decreased with the increase in aging durations. Among investigated cultivars, seedling vigor of Mashhad ecotypes was the most sensitive to aging treatments. Our results revealed that the seed reservoir use efficiency value was 66%lower when exposed to 192 h of aging compared to the control. The cultivar Isfahan exhibited the minimum reduction of antioxidant activity,and, interestingly, this ecotype was the most aging tolerant.

关键词： Abelmoscul esculentus antioxidant activity deterioration germination protein seed vigor

Genomewide selection for fruit quality traits in apple: breeding insights gained from prediction and postdiction

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Horticulture Research 2023年第6期10卷 238-249页

作者： Sarah A.Kostick Rex Bernardo James J.Luby department of Horticultural Science University of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics University of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA

Many fruit quality traits in apple(Malus domestica Borkh.)are controlled by multiple small-effect quantitative trait loci(QTLs).Genomewide selection(genomic selection)might be an effective breeding approach for highly quantitative traits in woody perennial crops with long generation times like apple.The goal of this study was to determine if genomewide prediction is an effective breeding approach for fruit quality traits in an apple scion breeding program.Representative apple scion breeding germplasm(nindividuals=955),high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)data(nSNPs=977),and breeding program fruit quality trait data at harvest were analyzed.Breeding parents‘Honeycrisp’and‘Minneiska’were highly represented.Moderate to high predictive abilities were observed for most fruit quality traits at harvest.For example,when 25%random subsets of the germplasm set were used as training sets,mean predictive abilities ranged from 0.35 to 0.54 across traits.Trait,training and test sets,family size for within family prediction,and number of SNPs per chromosome affected model predictive ability.Inclusion of large-effect QTLs as fixed effects resulted in higher predictive abilities for some traits(e.***.percent red overcolor).Postdiction(i.***.retrospective)analyses demonstrated the impact of culling threshold on selection decisions.The results of this study demonstrate that genomewide selection is a useful breeding approach for certain fruit quality traits in apple.

关键词： breeding germplasm crops

Survey of Genomics Approaches to Improve Bioenergy Traits in Maize,Sorghum and Sugarcane

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2011年第2期53卷 105-119页

作者： Wilfred Vermerris University of Florida genetics Institute and agronomy department Cancer/Genetics Research Complex

Bioenergy crops currently provide the only source of alternative energy with the potential to reduce the use of fossil transportation fuels in a way that is compatible with existing engine technology, including in developing countries. Even though bioenergy research is currently receiving considerable attention, many of the concepts are not new, but rather build on intense research efforts from 30 years ago. A major difference with that era is the availability of genomics tools that have the potential to accelerate crop improvement significantly. This review is focused on maize, sorghum and sugarcane as representatives of bioenergy grasses that produce sugar and/or lignocellulosic biomass. Examples of how genetic mapping, forward and reverse genetics, highthroughput expression profiling and comparative genomics can be used to unravel and improve bioenergy traits will be presented.

关键词： Survey of Genomics Approaches to Improve Bioenergy Traits in Maize,Sorghum and Sugarcane

Dynamic Patterns of Gene Expression Additivity and Regulatory Variation throughout Maize Development

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Molecular plant 2019年第3期12卷 410-425页

作者： Peng Zhou Candice N.Hirsch Steven P.Briggs Nathan M.Springer department of plant and Microbial Biology University of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics University of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA Division of Biological Sciences University of CaliforniaSanDiegoLaJollaCA92093USA

Gene expression variation is a key component underlying phenotypic variation and heterosis. Transcriptome profiling was performed on 23 different tissues or developmental stages of two maize inbreds, B73 and Mo17, as well as their hybrid. The obtained large-scale datasets provided opportunities to monitor the developmental dynamics of differential expression, additivity for gene expression, and regulatory variation. The transcriptome can be divided into .30 000 genes that are expressed in at least one tissue of one in bred and an additional ~10 000 “silent” genes that are not expressed in any tissue of any genotype, 90% of which are non-syntenic relative to other grasses. Many (.74%) of the expressed genes exhibit differential expression in at least one tissue. However, the majority of genes with differential expression do not exhibit consistent differential expression in different tissues. These genes often exhibit tissue-specific differential expression with equivalent expression in other tissues, and in many cases they switch the directionality of differential expression in different tissues. This suggests widespread variation for tissue-specific regulation of gene expression between the two maize inbreds B73 and Mo17. Nearly 5000 genes are expressed in only one parent in at least one tissue (single parent expression) and 97% of these genes are expressed at mid-parent levels or higher in the hybrid, providing extensive opportunities for hybrid complementation in heterosis. In general, additive expression patterns are much more common than non-additive patterns, and this trend is more pronounced for genes with strong differential expression or single pare nt expressi on. There is relatively little evidence for non-additive expression patterns that are maintained in multiple tissues. The analysis of allele-specific expression allowed classification of cis. and trans-regulatory variation. Genes with c/s-regulatory variation often exhibit additive expression and tend to have more consistent regulatory variation th

关键词： maize gene expression heterosis differential expression non-additive expression allele-specific expression

Draft genome of the Native American cold hardy grapevine Vitis riparia Michx.‘Manitoba 37’

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1676-1688页

作者： Sagar Patel Michael Robben Anne Fennell Jason P.Londo Dilmini Alahakoon Roberto Villegas-Diaz Padmapriya Swaminathan agronomy Horticulture and Plant Science Department and BioSNTRSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57006USA Grape genetics Research Unit USDA ARSGenevaNY 14456USA

Vitis riparia,a critically important Native American grapevine species,is used globally in rootstock and scion breeding and contributed to the recovery of the French wine industry during the mid-19th century phylloxera epidemic.This species has abiotic and biotic stress tolerance and the largest natural geographic distribution of the North American grapevine species.Here we report an Illumina short-read 369X coverage,draft de novo heterozygous genome sequence of V.riparia Michx.‘Manitoba 37’with the size of~495 Mb for 69,616 scaffolds and a N50 length of 518,740 bp.Using RNAseq data,40,019 coding sequences were predicted and annotated.Benchmarking with Universal Single-Copy Orthologs(BUSCO)analysis of predicted gene models found 96%of the complete BUSCOs in this assembly.The assembly continuity and completeness were further validated using V.riparia ESTs,BACs,and three de novo transcriptome assemblies of three different V.riparia genotypes resulting in>98%of respective sequences/transcripts mapping with this assembly.Alignment of the V.riparia assembly and predicted CDS with the latest V.vinifera‘PN40024’CDS and genome assembly showed 99%CDS alignment and a high degree of synteny.An analysis of plant transcription factors indicates a high degree of homology with the V.vinifera transcription factors.QTL mapping to V.riparia‘Manitoba 37’and V.vinifera PN40024 has identified genetic relationships to phenotypic variation between species.This assembly provides reference sequences,gene models for marker development and understanding V.riparia’s genetic contributions in grape breeding and research.

关键词： continuity globally alignment

An overview on biochar production, its implications, and mechanisms of biochar-induced amelioration of soil and plant characteristics

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Pedosphere 2022年第1期32卷 107-130页

作者： Fasih Ullah HAIDER Jeffrey ACOULTER Liqun CAI Saddam HUSSAIN Sardar Alam CHEEMA Jun WU Renzhi ZHANG College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid-land Crop Science Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA department of agronomy University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040Pakistan

The degradation of soil fertility and quality due to rapid industrialization and human activities has stimulated interest in the rehabilitation of low-fertility soils to sustainably improve crop yield. In this regard, biochar has emerged as an effective multi-beneficial additive that can be used as a medium for the amelioration of soil properties and plant growth. The current review highlights the methods and conditions for biochar production and the effects of pyrolysis temperature, feedstock type, and retention time on the physicochemical properties of biochar. We also discuss the impact of biochar as a soil amendment with respect to enhancing soil physical (e.g., surface area, porosity, ion exchange, and water-holding capacity) and chemical (e.g., pH, nutrient exchange,functional groups, and carbon sequestration) properties, improving the soil microbiome for increased plant nutrient uptake and growth, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, minimizing infectious diseases in plants, and facilitating the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. The possible mechanisms for biochar-induced amelioration of soil and plant characteristics are also described, and we consider the challenges associated with biochar utilization. The findings discussed in this review support the feasibility of expending the application of biochar to improve degraded soils in industrial and saline-alkali regions, thereby increasing the usable amount of cultivated soil. Future research should include long-term field experiments and studies on biochar production and environmental risk management to optimize biochar performance for specific soil remediation purposes.

关键词： carbon sequestration crop yield pyrolysis soil amendment soil fertility soil remediation

Screening and evaluation of chilli(Capsicum annuum L.)genotypes for waterlogging tolerance at seedling stage

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BIOCELL 2022年第7期46卷 1613-1627页

作者： MDREZWAN MOLLA MDMOTIAR ROHMAN MDROBYUL ISLAM MIRZA HASANUZZAMAN LUTFUL HASSAN plant Genetic Resources Centre(PGRC) Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute(BARI)Gazipur1701Bangladesh Molecular Breeding Lab Plant Breeding DivisionBangladesh Agricultural Research Institute(BARI)Gazipur1701Bangladesh department of agronomy Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka1207Bangladesh department of genetics and plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh

Waterlogging is an illustrious abiotic stress and the constrictions it enforces on plant roots have negative effects on growth and development.This study was undertaken to investigate waterlogging stress tolerant potential in chilli(Capsicum annum L.)genotypes through evaluating morphological,physiological,biochemical and anatomical parameters.Thirty-five days old seedlings of 10 chilli genotypes were exposed to waterlogging stress maintaining water height 3–5 cm over the soil surface artificially for three days.This duration(36–38 DAE)was termed as waterlogging period,and subsequent withdrawal of waterlogging condition(39–45 DAE)was regarded as a recovery phase.Based on their survival performance,two tolerant genotypes viz.,SRC-517 and BARI morich-2 and two susceptible genotypes viz.,AHM-206 and RI-1(6)were selected for studying stress tolerance mechanism.Under waterlogging,however,both genotypes(tolerant and susceptible)exhibited reduced root shoot length,dry weight ratio,petiole weight and leaf area,and noticeable reduction regarding these parameters was observed in susceptible genotypes.Moreover,tolerant genotypes displayed a higher recovery than susceptible genotypes after removal of waterlogging stress.Lower reduction of leaf area and photosynthetic pigments as well as higher reduction of relative water content(RWC)were noticed in susceptible genotypes.Higher accumulation of proline and total antioxidant capacity(TAC)during waterlogging condition in tolerant genotypes suggested lower oxidative damage.Although both genotypes lost total soluble sugar(TSS)relative to control at waterlogging stress,better performance was recorded in tolerant genotypes.During the period after the removal of extra water,a similar genotypic response in terms of TSS gain was seen.Undoubtedly,under flooding conditions,the development of aerenchyma cells in tolerant genotypes is a means of tolerance mechanism for long-term survival.Thus,the morpho-physiological and biochemical changes help to understand the tolerance mechanism in chi

关键词： Abiotic stress Anoxia Flooding Hypoxia Pepper Photosynthetic pigments Proline