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Influence of cornicle droplet secretions of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae, on parasitism behavior of na＇fve and experienced Diaeretiella rapae

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Insect Science 2014年第1期21卷 56-64页

作者： Hamid R. S. Moayerit Arash Rasekh Annie Enkegaard department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture Research Institute of Physiology and Biotechnology University of Zanjan department of Plant Protection College of Agriculture Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Ahvaz Iran department of agroe- cology Science and Technology Aarhus University Research Centre Flakkebjerg 4200 Slagelse Denmark

Insects have evolved amazing methods of defense to ward off enemies. Many aphids release cornicle secretions when attacked by predators and parasitoids. These se cretions contain an alarm pheromone that alerts other colony members of danger, thereby providing indirect fitness benefits to the releaser. In addition, contact with cornicle se cretions could also threaten an attacker and could provide direct fitness to the releaser. However, cornicle secretions may also be recruited as a kairomonal cue by aphid natural enemies. In this study, we investigated the effect of the cornicle droplet volatiles of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae （L.）, on the hostsearching behavior of naive and experienced female Diaeretiella rapae （M＇Intosh） parasitoids in olfactometer studies. In addition, we evaluated the role ofB. brassicae cornicle droplets on the oviposition prefer ence of the parasitoid in a twochoice bioassay. Naive females did not exhibit any preference between volatiles from aphids secreting cornicle droplets over nonsecreting aphids, while experienced parasitoids exploited the secretions in their host location. Experienced females were also able to choose volatiles from both secreting and nonsecreting aphids over clean air, while this ability was not observed in naive females. Although secretion of cornicle droplets did not influence the percentage of first attack in either naive or experienced females, the success of attack （i.e. resulting in a larva） was significantly different between secreting and nonsecreting aphids in the case of experienced parasitoids.

关键词： alarm pheromone kairomone learning oviposition preference physiologi-cal cost Y-tube olfactometer

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Esophageal cancer management controversies: Radiation oncology point of view

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第8期6卷 263-274页

作者： Patricia Tai Edward Yu department of Oncology Division of Radiation On-cology Allan Blair Cancer Center University of SaskatchewanRegina SK S4T 7T1 Canada department of Oncology Division of Radiation On-cology Western University London ON N6A 4L6 Canada

Esophageal cancer treatment has evolved from single modality to trimodality *** are some controversies of the role,target volumes and dose of radiotherapy(RT)in the literature over *** present review focuses primarily on RT as part of the treatment modalities,and highlight on the RT volume and its dose in the management of esophageal *** randomized adjuvant chemoradiation(CRT)trial,intergroup trial(INT 0116)enrolled 559 patients with resected adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal *** were randomly assigned to surgery plus postoperative CRT or surgery *** show robust treatment benefit of adjuvant CRT in most subsets for postoperative *** Chemoradiotherapy for Oesophageal Cancer Followed by Surgery Study(CROSS)used a lower RT dose of41.4 Gray in 23 fractions with newer chemotherapeutic agents carboplatin and paclitaxel to achieve an excellent *** volume of external beam radiation therapy and its coverage have been in debate for years among radiation ***-operative and postoperative target volumes are designed to optimize for disease *** brachytherapy is effective in the palliation of dysphagia,but should not be given concomitantly with chemotherapy or external beam *** role of brachytherapy in multimodality management requires further ***-going studies of multidisciplinary treatment in locally advanced cancer include:ZTOG1201 trial(a phaseⅡtrial of neoadjuvant and adjuvant CRT)and QUINTETT(a phaseⅢtrial of neoadjuvant vs adjuvant therapy with quality of life analysis).These trials hopefully will shed more light on the future management of esophageal cancer.

关键词： Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Esophagus Cancer Treatment

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Impact of lymphatic and/or blood vessel invasion in stage Ⅱ gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第27期18卷 3610-3616页

作者： Chun-Yan Du Jing-Gui Chen Ye Zhou Guang-Fa Zhao Hong Fu Xue-Ke Zhou Ying-Qiang Shi department of On-cology Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China

AIM： To determine the prognostic value of lymphatic and/or blood vessel invasion （LBVI） in patients with stage 11 gastric cancer. METHODS： From January 2001 to December 2006, 487 patients with histologically confirmed primary gas- tric adenocarcinoma were diagnosed with stage 11 gas- tric cancer according to the new 7th edition American Joint Committee on Cancer stage classification at the department of Gastric Cancer and Soft Tissue Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. All patients underwent curative gastrectomy with standard lymph node （LN） dissection. Fifty-one patients who died in the postoperative period, due to various complications or other conditions, were excluded. Clinicopathologicalfindings and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Patients were subdivided into four groups according to the status of LBVI and LN metastases. These four patient groups were characterized with regard to age, sex, tumor site, pT category, tumor grading and surgical procedure （subtotal resection vs total resection）, and compared for 5-year overall survival by univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS： The study was composed of 320 men and 116 women aged 58.9 ± 11.5 years （range： 23-88 years）. The 5-year overall survival rates were 50.7% and the median survival time was 62 too. Stage Ⅱ a cancer was observed in 334 patients, including 268 T3N0, 63 T2N1, and three TIN2, and stage Ⅱb was observed in 102 patients, including 49 patients T3N1, 51 T2N2, one TIN3, and one T4aN0. The incidence of LBVI was 28.0% in stage II gastric cancer with 19.0% （51/269） and 42.5% （71/167） in LN-negative and LN- positive patients, respectively. In 218 patients （50.0%）, there was neither a histopathologically detectable LBVI nor LN metastases （LBVI-/LN-, group I）; in 51 patients （11.7%）, LBVI with no evidence of LN me- tastases was detected （LBVILN-, group 11）. In 167 patients （38.3%）, LN metastases were found. Among those patients, LBVI was not determined in 96 patients （22.0%）（LBVI-γLN, g

关键词： Stage Ⅱ cancer Gastric cancer Lymphaticinvasion Blood vessel invasion Prognosis

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Coexistence of hyperlipidemia and acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion induces severe liver damage in a rat model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第35期18卷 4934-4943页

作者： Wei-Hong Gong Wen-Xia Zheng Jun Wang Shi-Hui Chen Bo Pang Xia-Min Hu Xiao-Lu Cao department of Pharma-cology College of Medicine Wuhan University of Science andTechnology Wuhan 430065 Hubei Province China

AIM:To investigate the correlation of hyperlipemia(HL) and acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) injury on liver damage and its ***:Rats were divided into 4 groups:control,HL,I/R and HL+I/*** the induction of HL via a high-fat diet for 18 wk,middle cerebral artery occlusion was followed by 24 h of reperfusion to capture I/*** alanine transaminase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were analyzed as part of liver function tests and liver damage was further assessed by histological *** apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL) *** expression of genes related to apoptosis(caspase-3,bcl-2) was assayed by immunohistochemistry and Western *** tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-),interleukin-1(IL-1) and liver mitochondrial superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),malondialdehyde(MDA) and Ca 2+ levels were measured to determine inflammatory and oxidative/antioxidative status *** hydroxylase activity of the cytochrome P450 2E1(CYP2E1)-containing enzyme was measured with aniline as the substrate,and CYP2E1 expression in the liver tissue and microsome was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting ***:HL alone induced by high-fat diet for 18 wk resulted in liver damage,indicated by histopathological analysis,and a considerable increase in serum ALT(25.13 ± 16.90 vs 9.56 ± 1.99,P < 0.01) and AST levels(18.01 ± 10.00 vs 11.33 ± 4.17,P < 0.05) compared with ***,HL alone induced hepatocyte apoptosis,which was determined by increased TUNEL-positive cells(4.47 ± 0.45 vs 1.5 ± 0.22,P < 0.01),higher caspase-3 and lower bcl-2 ***,compared with those in control,HL or I/R groups,massive increases of serum ALT(93.62 ± 24.00 vs 9.56 ± 1.99,25.13 ± 16.90 or 12.93 ± 6.14,P < 0.01) and AST(82.32 ± 26.92 vs 11.33 ± 4.17,18.01 ± 10.00 or 14.00 ± 6.19,P < 0.01) levels in HL+I/R group were

关键词： Hyperlipidemia High-fat diet Cerebral isch-emia/reperfusion Liver damage Hepatocyte apoptosis Cytochrome P450 2E1

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Urinary metabolites as noninvasive biomarkers of gastrointestinal diseases:A clinical review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第5期8卷 459-465页

作者： Irene Sarosiek Rudolf Schicho Pedro Blandon Mohammad Bashashati Division of Gastroen-terology Department of Internal MedicineTexas Tech University Health Sciences Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharma-cology Medical University of Graz Division of Nephrology Department of Internal MedicineTexas Tech University Health Sciences Center

The diagnosis of gastrointestinal(GI) disorders is usually based on invasive techniques such as endoscopy.A key important factor in GI cancer is early diagnosis which warrants development of non-or lessinvasive diagnostic *** addition,monitoring and surveillance are other important parts in the management of GI *** studies with nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry can measure the concentration of more than 3000 chemical compounds in the urine providing possible chemical signature in different diseases and during *** this review,we discuss the urinary metabolomics signature of different GI diseases including GI cancer and elaborate on how these biomarkers could be used for the classification,early diagnosis and the monitoring of the ***,we discuss future directions of this still evolving field of research.

关键词： Metabolomics Gastrointestinal diseases Cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Metabolome Urine

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Characterization of sensory neuron membrane proteins(SNMPs)in cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

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Insect Science 2021年第3期28卷 769-779页

作者： Wei Xu Huijie Zhang Yalin Liao Alexie Papanicolaou department of Agricultural Sciences Murdoch UniversityMurdochAustralia Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharma-cology of Chongqing Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Southwest UniversityChongqingChina Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney UniversityRichmondAustralia

Sensory neuron membrane proteins(SNMPs)play a critical role in insect chemosensory ***,three SNMPs were identified,characterized and functionally investigated in a lepidopteran model insect,Bombyx ***,whether these results are consistent across other lepidopteran species are *** genome and transcriptome data analysis,expression profiling,quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)and the yeast hybridization system were utilized to examine snmp genes of Helicoverpa armigera,one of the most destructive lepidopteran pests in cropping *** silico expression and qRT-PCR analyses showed that,just as the *** snmp genes,*** snmpl(Harmsnmpl)is specifically expressed in adult ***2 is broadly expressed in multiple tissues including adult antennae,tarsi,larval antennae and ***3 is specifically expressed in larval *** RNAseq analysis suggested that the expression levels of Harmsnmp2 and Harmsnmp3 differed significantly depending on the plant species on which the larvae fed,indicating they may be involved in plant-feeding *** hybridization results revealed a protein-protein interaction between HarmSNMPl and the sex pheromone receptor,*** study demonstrated that SNMPs may share same functions and mechanisms in different lepidopteran species,which improved our understanding of insect snmp genes and their functions in lepidopterans.

关键词： expression profile insect olfactory system insect-plant interaction qRT-PCR

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Induction of clinical response and remission of inflammatory bowel disease by use of herbal medicines:A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第34期19卷 5738-5749页

作者： Roja Rahimi Shekoufeh Nikfar Mohammad Abdollahi department of Traditional Pharmacy Faculty ofTraditional MedicineTehran University of Medical Sciences Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration Faculty of PharmacyTehran University of Medical Sciences Food and Drug Organisation Ministry of Health and Medical Education department of Toxicology and Pharma-cology Faculty of PharmacyTehran University of Medical Sciences

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of herbal medicines in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)by conducting a ***:Electronic databases were searched for studies investigating efficacy and/or tolerability of herbal medicines in the management of different types of *** search terms were:"herb"or"plant"or"herbal"and"inflammatory bowel disease".Data were collected from 1966 to 2013(up to Feb).The"clinical response","clinical remission","endoscopic response","endoscopic remission","histological response","histological remission","relapse","any adverse events",and"seriousadverse events"were the key outcomes of *** used the Mantel-Haenszel,Rothman-Boice method for fixed effects and DerSimonian-Laird method for *** subgroup analyses,we separated the studies by type of IBD and type of herbal medicine to determine confounding factors and ***:Seven placebo controlled clinical trials met our criteria and were included(474 patients).Comparison of herbal medicine with placebo yielded a significant RR of 2.07(95%CI:1.41-3.03,P=0.0002)for clinical remission;a significant RR of 2.59(95%CI:1.24-5.42,P=0.01)for clinical response;a non-significant RR of 1.33(95%CI:0.93-1.9,P=0.12)for endoscopic remission;a non-significant RR of 1.69(95%CI:0.69-5.04)for endoscopic response;a non-significant RR of 0.64(95%CI:0.25-1.81)for histological remission;a non-significant RR of 0.86(95%CI:0.55-1.55)for histological response;a non-significant RR of 0.95(95%CI:0.52-1.73)for relapse;a non-significant RR of 0.89(95%CI:0.75-1.06,P=0.2)for any adverse events;and a non-significant RR of 0.97(95%CI:0.37-2.56,P=0.96)for serious adverse ***:The results showed that herbal medicines may safely induce clinical response and remission in patients with IBD without significant effects on endoscopic and histological outcomes,but the number of studies is limited to make a strong conclusion.

关键词： Herbal medicine Inflammatory bowel disease Efficacy Relapse Adverse events Meta-analysis

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Assessment Postpartum Glucose Status among Women with Gestational Diabetes: Experience of a Sub-Saharan African Endocrinology department

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2020年第3期10卷 124-131页

作者： Ngoné Diaba Diack Aminata Mbaye Nafy Ndiaye Yakham Mohamed Leye Abdoul Aziz Diouf Mamadou Ba Khadidja Samb Papemomar Guisse Abdoulaye Leye Alassane Diouf Endocrinology-Diabetology department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Senegal Obstetrics and Gynécology department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Dakar Senegal

Background: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have a significantly increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes after delivery. The purpose of this study was to determine the postpartum glycemic status among women with GDM in an Endocrinology-Diabetology department in Sub-Saharan Area. Methods: It was a prospective cohort study conducted between January 1, 2013, and July 31, 2018 (over period of 5 years and 7 months) at Pikine National Hospital, Dakar, Senegal. Postpartum glucose status was evaluated at least 6 weeks post-partum among women with history of GDM according to IADPSG criteria. The glycemic status after delivery was pointed referring to 2006 WHO criteria. Results: Overall 53 patients were included in this study. Fasting plasma glucose was performed as a screening test in 94% of the cases. A type 2 diabetes after GDM as diagnosed in 6 patients, accounting for a prevalence of 11.32%. An Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) was revealed in 5 patients (9.43%). The patients underwent a screening test in the first year after delivery in 54.70% of the cases, over a half of whom during the post-partum period range from the 6th to the 12th week. Insulin usage during pregnancy was statistically correlated with the occurrence of postpartum diabetes. Conclusion: Diabetes prevention and early diagnosis require a glycemic status monitoring among women with history of GDM.

关键词： Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Postpartum Glucose Status Type 2 Diabetes Africa IADPSG

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Regulation by phosphodiesterase of anxiety-and depressive-like behavior induced by alcohol withdrawal in mice

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2021年第9期35卷 667-668页

作者： LIU Xiao-qian WANG Dong ZHENG Wen-qing ZHANG Fang-fang ZHANG Han-ting Institute of Pharmacology Shandong First Medi-cal University&Shandong Academy of SciencesTai’an 271016China department of Pharma-cology Qingdao University School of PharmacyQingdao 266073China

OBJECTIVE Alcohol dependence is not only the most common public health prob⁃lem worldwide,but also the cause of many alco⁃hol-related diseases,such as anxiety and depres⁃***,the mechanism of these comor⁃bidities is not ***,the role of phos⁃phodiesterases(PDEs)in anxiety-and depres⁃sion-like behavior induced by alcohol withdrawal has received increasing *** are a superfamily of enzymes that catalyze the hydroly⁃sis of intracellular cyclic AMP(cAMP)and(or)cyclic GMP(cGMP).There are 11 families(PDE1-PDE11),each of which has 1 to 4 sub⁃types encoded by different *** the present study,we identified the key PDEs involved in anxiety-and depression-like behavior induced by alcohol *** After withdrawal from short-term or chronic intermittent ethanol vapor exposure(STEVE and CIEVE,respectively),adult male C57BL/6J(B6)mice were tested for anxiety-and depression-like behavior using the sucrose preference,open field,elevated plus-maze,tail suspension,forced swimming,hole board and light-dark *** addition,the expression of PDE subtypes(PDE2,PDE4,and PDE7)in the hippocampus,amygdala,and stria⁃tum,which are considered as anxiety-and(or)depression-related brain regions,was detected by Western ***①Differences in anxiety-and depression-like behaviors between STEVE and CIEVE *** to STEVE mice,CIEVE mice showed greater anxiety-and depression-like behavior in the tests described above.②The expression of PDE2,PDE4 and PDE7 in the anxiety-and depression-related brain regions of CIEVE *** to the STEVE mice,CIEVE mice showed significant higher expression of PDE4A and PDE7A in the hippo⁃campus(P<0.05)and PDE4D and PDE7A in the amygdala(P<0.05).However,the expres⁃sion of PDE2A,PDE4B,PDE4D and PDE7B in the hippocampus,PDE2A,PDE4A,PDE4B and PDE7B in the amygdala,PDE2A,PDE4A,PDE4B,PDE4D,PDE7A and PDE7B in the striatum was not significantly *** The model of CIEVE showed significant anxiety-and

关键词： phosphodiesterases alcohol with⁃drawal behavior

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Novel agents and new therapeutic approaches for treatment of multiple myeloma

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World Journal of Methodology 2014年第2期4卷 73-90页

作者： Roberto Ria Antonia Reale Angelo Vacca Section of Internal Medicine Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human On-cologyUniversity of Bari Medical SchoolI-70124 BariItaly

This review summarizes the therapeutic strategies and the drugs actually in development for the management of myeloma patients. Multiple myeloma is caused by the expansion of monoclonal plasma cells and secretion of M-protein(immunoglobulins, Bence Jones protein and free light chains). Multiple myeloma still remains an incurable disease with a high incidence rate in the elderly, despite the introduction of several new therapeutic agents(bortezomib, lenalidomide and thalidomide) which have changed its natural history. The high heterogeneity of this disease leads to large differences in clinical responses to treatments. Thus, the choice of the best treatment is a difficult issue. However, the introduction of new drugs has made it possible to achieve high response rates and good quality respons-es with long-term disease control. Interactions between tumor cells and their bone marrow microenvironment play a pivotal role in the development, maintenance, and progression of myeloma, inducing also drug resistance. These knowledges have improved treatment options, leading to the approval of new drugs which not only target the malignant cell itself, but also its microenvironment. These agents are in preclinical/early clinical evaluation and they appear to further improve disease control, but their use is still not approved outside of clinical trials.

关键词： Immunomodulators Multiple myeloma New drugs Proteasome inhibitors Target therapy

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