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Are gender inclusiveness and rural transformation interlinked?The case of Bangladesh

Journal of Integrative agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 2112-2126页

作者： Maria Fay Rola-Rubzen Mohammad Jahangir Alam Jon Marx Sarmiento Ismat Ara Begum Al Amin Al Abbasi Subrata Saha UWA School of agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerth 6009Australia department of Agribusiness and Marketing Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh department of Agricultural Economics Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh-2202Bangladesh

Gender inclusiveness is important in the rural transformation process of Bangladesh as rural women play key roles in both agricultural and non-agricultural *** inclusiveness also leads to gender *** empirically evaluate relationships between rural transformation and gender inclusiveness in *** consider three rural transformation indicators:high-value commodities’share in agricultural output values,non-farm employment’s share in rural labor employment,and non-agricultural GDP’s share in total *** capturing gender inclusiveness include the per capita rural income of males and females,ratio of investments into gender programs,female access to education,access to healthcare,employment participation,land ownership,and asset *** test the effect of the difference in per capita rural income of males and females and the ratio of their incomes and check for the robustness of the gender variables across different model *** 128 district-level observations from 32 districts of Bangladesh across four time periods(2000,2005,2010 and 2016),we use both ordinary least squares and fixed effects panel regression *** find that female land and asset ownership and access to education and healthcare are robust determinants of various stages of rural ***,our results suggest that improving women’s ownership of land and assets and investing in women’s education and healthcare will likely contribute to a more inclusive rural transformation.

关键词： rural transformation Bangladesh gender inclusiveness investments on women

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Total Fat, Fatty Acid Composition, Tocopherol and Tocotrienol Profiles in Fermented Beans of Ten Controlled Pollinated Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Hybrids from Cameroon

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 359-373页

作者： Martin Paul Arnaud Mbida Simon Perrez Akoa Ronelle Fabiola Mbia Manga Ndjaga Jude Martine Louise Ondobo Onomo Pierre Effa department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Department of Biological Science Higher Teacher&#8217s Training College University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medecine University of Buea Buea Cameroon National Technology Development Committee Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation Administrative Center Yaounde Cameroon department of agriculture and agropastoral Higher Technical Teacher&#8217s Training College University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroon

This study aimed to discriminate ten Cameroonian cocoa hybrids according to their total fat, fatty acid composition, tocopherol and tocotrienol profiles. Six cocoa clones from the gene banks of the Cameroon Cocoa Development Corporation were used to create hybrids. The determination of fatty acid composition was carried out by using a gas chromatography (GC) apparatus coupled by a flame ion detector (FID). Tocopherol and tocotrienol analysis was performed by upper high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). Information on the impact of the genotype on the cocoa fat composition was provided. The major fatty acids (FA) in fermented samples are stearic (34.57%), palmitic (26.13%), oleic (34.13%) and linoleic (3.16%) acids. (35.05% to 35.6%). SCA12 × ICS40, SCA12 × SNK13, SNK13 × T79/501 have the least hard cocoa butters. Tocopherols analysis showed a predominance of γ-tocopherols (94.64 ± 1.51 to 292.16 ± 3.17 µg∙g−1), whereas only a small amount of β and δ-tocopherol (from 0.46 to 2.78 µg∙g−1 and 0.12 to 5.82 respectively) was observed. No γ-tocotrienol was found in fermented samples. A differentiation in terms of total fat and tocopherol content was observed amongst hybrids with the same mother-clone, suggesting an impact of pollen on these compounds.

关键词： Cocoa Hybrids Lipid Composition UHPLC GC-FID

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Identification and Molecular Docking Mechanism of Novel Anti-Inflammatory Peptides from Lactobacillus paraplantarum Fermented Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) Seeds

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： LingYue Shan Akanksha Tyagi HunJu Ham Deog Hwan Oh department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of agriculture and Life Sciences Kangwon National University Future F Biotech Co. Ltd department of Biological Environment College of agriculture and Life Sciences Kangwon National University

The inflammatory response is a crucial physiological process that can lead to tissue damage and is considered a causative factor for various chronic diseases， such as rheumatoid arthritis. Recent research has focused on exploring valuable nutrients derived from Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) seeds， particularly hemp seed proteins. Therefore， this study aimed to investigate the release of anti-inflammatory peptides from Lactobacillus paraplantarum-fermented hemp seed proteins. To confirm the complete hydrolysis of hemp seed proteins during the fermentation process， SDS-PAGE was employed. Further， the isolation and purification of peptides were achieved through ultrafiltration. The identity of peptides was nextly established using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS). The results revealed a total of 39 identified peptides in fermented hemp seeds， with 9 peptides selected based on their relative quantity. Notably， AAELIGVP (P1)， AAVPYPQ (P2)， VFPEVAP (P4)， DVIGVPLG (P6)， and PVPKVL (P9) demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory abilities in LPS-induced Raw 264.7 macrophage cells. Molecular docking was used to understand the potential anti-inflammatory mechanism of these five peptides， and in silico results indicated that P1， P2， P4， P6， and P9 could bind to the active sites of TLR-4， NF-kB， and IKK with higher binding energies. Overall， these findings indicate that hemp seeds have potential to be a source of bioactive peptides for functional foods with anti-inflammatory properties.

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A novel diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit flies:Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa L.Starkie Elizabeth V.Fowler Alexander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Pauline Wyatt David Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt Karen F.Armstrong Hamish Patrick Mark K.Schutze Mark J.Blacket department of agriculture and Fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia agriculture Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis are morphologically similar sibling pest fruit fly species that possess different biological attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphologically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variability,creating overlap between the two ***,there is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can reliably distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report the first molecular marker that can consistently distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within the pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional range,then developed a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with two outer universal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accurately discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fly ***,this assay is most suited to adult diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveillance trap catches;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer

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High Power Microwave Treatment Impacts on Microbes in Rough Rice

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 139-141,I0020,I0021页

作者： Faith OUMA Luthra KAUSHIK Boreddy SREENIVASULA Oduola ABASS Griffiths G.ATUNGULU department of Food Science University of Arkansas Division of AgricultureFayetteville 72704USA department of Processing and Food Engineering Dr.NTR College of Agricultural EngineeringBapatla 522101India

As rice consumption increases,ensuring its safety has become a priority for the food *** address this concern,the industry is exploring a single-pass microbial inactivation treatment at the rough rice *** this study,a long-grain rice variety,RT7321[21.2%wet basis(WB)and a 20 mm bed thickness]was exposed to microwave radiation(915 MHz frequency)at powers of 16,18,and 20 kW for durations of 1,2,and 3 *** found that the highest microwave power(20 kW)and the longest exposure duration(3 min)produced the greatest reduction in total aerobic count and total fungal count,reducing them by up to 1.21 and 5.01 log(CFU/g),*** findings provided insights into the used to high-power,shortduration 915 MHz microwave technology for decontamination purposes in rough rice to help improve the microbial safety of *** aim is to develop a single-pass drying approach for microbial inactivation in rice processing facilities while ensuring that the yield and quality is not compromised.

关键词： microwave insight facilities

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Fractal image analysis and bruise damage evaluation of impact damage in guava

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Information Processing in agriculture 2024年第2期11卷 217-227页

作者： Than Htike Rattapon Saengrayap Hiroaki Kitazawa Saowapa Chaiwong School of Agro-Industry Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand department of agriculture Ministry of AgricultureLivestock and Irrigation 11181Myanmar Integrated Agri-Tech Ecosystem Research Group Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Institute of Food Research National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationIbaraki 305-8642Japan

Impact bruise damage and quality of‘Gim Ju’guava were investigated for different drop heights and number of drops using fractal image *** the impact test,a stainless-steel metal ball(250 g)was dropped on fruit from three drop heights(0,0.3,0.6 m)either once or five *** quality was evaluated for impact energy,bruise area(BA),bruise volume(BV),bruise susceptibility,bruise score and pulp color(L*,a*,b*and C values).The fractal dimension(FD)value using fractal image analysis was analyzed at the bruise *** showed that five drops(0.3 m)with a high impact energy(3678.75 J)and a single drop(0.6 m)with a low impact energy(1471.50 J)exhibited no significant in BA,BV,bruise score as well as all color values(L*,a*,b*and C).While the FD value of a single drop from 0.6 m had a higher FD value than that of five drops from 0.3 *** is indicated that FD exhibited a better performance to classify impact bruising level of guava than BA,BV and color *** FD value gradually decreased with increase of storage time and bruise *** correlation coefficient(r)values of FD(r=−0.794 and−0.745)between BA and BV were more significant than those L*(r=−0.660 and−0.615)and a*(r=0.579 and 0.473).The coefficient of determination(R^(2))of the polynomial equation in bruised fruit(R^(2)=0.85 to 0.99)was greater than the control(no bruise)(R^(2)=0.80).A higher R^(2)val(0.88 and 0.92)was exhibited at five ***,FD analysis showed greater potential than color measurement to assess bruise impact damage in guava.

关键词： Bruise susceptibility Impact bruise Mechanical injury Transportation

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Divergent responses of growth rate and antioxidative system of ten Bacillus strains to acid stresses

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 107-118页

作者： Xiaoran Shan Jiayi Chen Jiaen Zhang Ziqiang Liu Shufang Chen Hui Wei Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics of Ministry of agriculture and Rural Affairs Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureCollege of Natural Resources and EnvironmentSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular agriculture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Response of growth rate and antioxidative system of ten Bacillus strains to acid stresses was *** acid treatment significantly decreased the growth rate of the *** stresses increased the GPX activity and GSSG content of the tested *** changes occurred in ROS and antioxidative system(SOD,CAT,GR,MDA and GSH).Environmental changes including soil acidification exert obvi-ous stresses on soil ecosystems and influence soil *** this study,ten microbial strains were incubated under different acid treatments to investigate responses of microbial growth and antioxidative system to acid *** the strains belong to Bacillus genus,but exhibit distinct ecological *** observed that these microbial strains had obviously different pH tolerance threshold,in spite of the close phylogenetic classification among *** stresses exerted significant effects on microbial antiox-idative system,including superoxide dismutase(SOD),cata-lase(CAT)and glutathione transferring enzymes(GPX and GR)and reactants(GSH and GSSH),but the effects were strain ***,we found acid stress effects on total variances of the investigated microbial antioxidative system along the first two principal components(PCs).Activities of CAT and SOD contributed substantially to PC1 that reflected obvious acid effects on NC7 and ZC4,and closely related to intracellular malondialdehyde *** GSSG activities and GSH/GSSG contributed greatly to PC2 that unveiled acid stress effects on most of the microbial *** results highlight substantially heterogeneous responses of microbial strains to acid stress and support that phylogenetic closeness does not imply functional similarity of soil microorganisms under environmental changes.

关键词： soil acidification microbial strain acid tolerance capacity microbial growth oxidative stress antioxidative system

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Impact of cattle density on the structure and natural regeneration of a turkey oak stand on an agrosilvopastoral farm in central Italy

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 168-182页

作者： Alessandra Pacini Francesco Pelleri Francesco Marini Alberto Maltoni Barbara Mariotti Gianluigi Mazza Maria Chiara Manetti department of agriculture FoodEnvironmentand ForestryUniversity of Florence50144 FlorenceItaly CREA Research Centre for Forestry and Wood 52100 ArezzoItaly PEFC Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification 06135 PerugiaItaly

On an agrosilvopastoral farm in central Italy where Maremmana cattle graze in Turkey oak forests,we evaluated the impact of different livestock densities on stand structure,tree diversity and natural regeneration in four types of grazed areas based on the grazing regime adopted:calf-grazed,high-intensity-grazed,low-intensity-grazed,ungrazed *** each area,we set up three permanent circular plots(radius of 15 m)to survey the structural and dasometric characteristics of the overstorey,understorey,and regeneration *** results showed that grazing negatively affected the complexity of the forest structure and its potential to regenerate and maintain a high level of *** differences in stand structure observed between the grazing areas were closely related to livestock *** most sensitive components of the system were the understorey and the regeneration ***,the current grazing management did not affect the dominant tree structure or its *** findings identified medium-term monitoring and regeneration management as the two significant aspects to consider when assessing sustainable *** forests can be established by excluding graz-ing for about 20–25 years.

关键词： Agroforestry Stand structure Regeneration Tree biodiversity Grazing intensity

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Comparison of Spatial Interpolation Methods of Precipitation Data in Central Macedonia, Greece

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Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2024年第1期13卷 13-37页

作者： Athanasios K. Margaritidis Faculty of agriculture Forestry and Natural Environment School of Agriculture Department of Hydraulics Soil Science & Agriculture Engineering Thessaloniki Greece

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the spatial interpolation of rainfall variability with deterministic and geostatic inspections in the Prefecture of Kilkis (Greece). The precipitation data where recorded from 12 meteorological stations in the Prefecture of Kilkis for 36 hydrological years (1973-2008). The cumulative monthly values of rainfall were studied on an annual and seasonal basis as well as during the arid-dry season. In the deterministic tests, the I.D.W. and R.B.F. checks were inspected, while in the geostatic tests, Ordinary Kriging and Universal Kriging respectively. The selection of the optimum method was made based on the least Root Mean Square Error (R.M.S.E.), as well as on the Mean Error (M.E.), as assessed by the cross validation analysis. The geostatical Kriging also considered the impact of isotropy and anisotropy across all time periods of data collection. Moreover, for Universal Kriging, the study explored spherical, exponential and Gaussian models in various combinations. Geostatistical techniques consistently demonstrated greater reliability than deterministic techniques across all time periods of data collection. Specifically, during the annual period, anisotropy was the prevailing characteristic in geostatistical techniques. Moreover, the results for the irrigation and seasonal periods were generally comparable, with few exceptions where isotropic methods yielded lower (R.M.S.E.) in some seasonal observations.

关键词： Interpolation Kriging I.D.W. Precipitation Greece

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The necessity to expand mycorrhizal boundaries:Including the fungal endophytes that possess key mycorrhizal criteria

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 520-523页

作者： Khalil KARIMAN Zed RENGEL Rodica PENA Saleh RAHIMLOU Mark TIBBETT UWA School of agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerth WA 6009Australia department of Sustainable Land Management&Soil Research Centre School of AgriculturePolicy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingReading RG66ARUK department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn Arbor MI 48109USA

Dear editor,This letter aims to urge the necessity to expand the boundaries of mycorrhizal symbiosis to include certain root fungal *** conventional classification of mycorrhizal associations emphasizes specialized fu... 详细信息

关键词： editor specialized interface

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