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Efficient DIPA-CRISPR-mediated knockout of an eye pigment gene in the white-backed planthopper,Sogatella furcifera

Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1015-1025页

作者： Meng-Qi Zhang Lang-Lang Gong Ya-Qin Zhao Yun-Feng Ma Gui-Jun Long Huan Guo Xuan-Zheng Liu J.Joe Hull Youssef Dewer Chao Yang Ning-Ning Zhang Ming He Peng He National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationCenter for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina Pest Management and Biocontrol Research Unit US Arid Land Agricultural Research CenterUSDA Agricultural Research ServicesMaricopaArizonaUSA Phytotoxicity Research department Central Agricultural Pesticide LaboratoryAgricultural Research CenterDokkiGizaEgypt Guizhou Jifeng Seed Industry Limited Liability Company XingyiGuizhou ProvinceChina Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center Weifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifangShandong ProvinceChina

Although CRISPR/Cas9 has been widely used in insect gene editing,the need for the microinjection of preblastoderm embryos can preclude the technique being used in insect species with eggs that are small,have hard shells,and/or are difficult to collect and maintain outside of their normal *** is the case with Sogatella furcifera,the white-backed planthopper(WBPH),a significant pest of Oryza sativa(rice)that oviposits inside rice *** extraction from the stem runs the risk of mechanical damage and hatching is heavily influenced by the micro-environment of the rice *** bypass these issues,we targeted embryos prior to oviposition via direct parental(DIPA)-CRISPR,in which Cas9 and single-guide RNAs(sgRNAs)for the WBPH eye pigment gene tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase were injected into the hemocoel of adult *** at varying numbers of days posteclosion were evaluated to determine at what stage their oocyte might be most capable of taking up the gene-editing *** evaluation of the offspring indicated that the highest G0 gene-edited efficacy(56.7%)occurred in females injected 2 d posteclosion,and that those mutations were heritably transmitted to the G1 *** study demonstrates the potential utility of DIPA-CRISPR for future gene-editing studies in non-model insect species and can facilitate the development of novel pest management applications.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 DIPA-CRISPR gene editing tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase WBPH

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Epidermolysis Bullosa Pruriginosa in Two Siblings:A Case Report

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第1期7卷 52-54页

作者： Jongjin Suwanthaweemeesuk Chatip Phunmanee Sasathorn Singthong Oraya Kwangsukstid Chavalit Supsrisunjai Institute of Dermatology Department of Medical ServicesMinistry of Public HealthBangkok 10400Thailand

Introduction:Epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa(EBP)is a rare clinical subtype of inherited dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa(DEB)caused by type VII collagen *** onset of EBP is variable and may present in late *** clinical features of EBP include prurigo-like papules,plaques,nodules,or linear configuration on the lower ***,we reported two sisters with *** presentation:We identified two Thai sisters with mild to moderate form of EBP,which resulted from a shared glycine substitution(Gly2287Val)in COL7A1 identified by genomic ***:The histology and molecular findings of both cases supported a diagnosis of dystrophic EBP,however,the clinical manifestations differ between both ***:Molecular testing is the key for the diagnosis of EBP due to nonspecific clinical manifestation and histologic findings,however,there is no clear genotype-phenotype correlation in EBP.

关键词： COL7A1 dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa Gly2287Val

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A novel diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit flies:Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa L.Starkie Elizabeth V.Fowler Alexander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Pauline Wyatt David Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt Karen F.Armstrong Hamish Patrick Mark K.Schutze Mark J.Blacket department of Agriculture and Fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis are morphologically similar sibling pest fruit fly species that possess different biological attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphologically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variability,creating overlap between the two ***,there is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can reliably distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report the first molecular marker that can consistently distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within the pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional range,then developed a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with two outer universal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accurately discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fly ***,this assay is most suited to adult diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveillance trap catches;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer

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Consilience and unity in ocular anterior segment research

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1173-1183页

作者： Houmam Araj department of Health and Human services National Eye Institute/National Institutes of Health(NEI/NIH)BethesdaMaryland 20892USA

In his beautiful book,Consilience:The Unity of Knowledge,the eminent biologist Edward O Wilson,advocates the need for integration and reconciliation across the *** defines consilience as“literally a‘jumping together’of knowledge with a linking of facts…to create a common groundwork of explanation”.It is the premise of this paper that as much as basic biomedical research is in need of data generation using the latest available techniques–unifying available knowledge is just as *** involves the necessity to resolve contradictory findings,reduce silos,and acknowledge *** take the cornea and the lens as case studies of our ***,in this perspective,we discuss the conflicting and fragmented information on protein aggregation,oxidative damage,and *** are fields of study that are integrally tied to anterior segment *** goal is to highlight the vital need for Wilson’s consilience and unity of knowledge which in turn should lead to enhanced rigor and reproducibility,and most importantly,to greater understanding and not simply knowing.

关键词： anterior segment ocular surface cornea lens cataract posterior capsular opacification protein aggregation oxidative damage antioxidants fibrosis wound healing consilience

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 256-262页

作者： Jie Er Janice Soo Yuan Helen Zhang Gek Hsiang Lim Fatimah Lateef department of Emergency Medicine Singapore General HospitalSingapore 168753Singapore Health services Research Unit Singapore General HospitalSingapore168753Singapore

BACKGROUND:This study aimed to review bicycle-related injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic to assist with reinforcement or implementation of new policies for injury ***:This is a retrospective descriptive analysis of injuries sustained during cycling for patients 18 years old and above who presented to Singapore General Hospital from January to June *** records were reviewed and *** analyses were used to summarize patient characteristics,and differences in characteristics subgrouped by triage acuity and discharge status were ***:The study included 272 patients with a mean age of 43 years and a male predominance(71.7%).Most presented without referrals(88.2%)and were not conveyed by ambulances(70.6%).Based on acuity category,there were 24(8.8%)Priority 1(P1)patients with 7 trauma activations,174(64.0%)and 74(27.2%)P2 and P3 patients *** most common injuries were fractures(34.2%),followed by superficial abrasion/contusion(29.4%)and laceration/wound(19.1%).Thirteen(4.8%)patients experienced head injury and 85 patients(31.3%)were documented to be wearing a *** majority occurred on the roads as traffic accidents(32.7%).Forty-two patients(15.4%)were admitted with a mean length of stay of 4.1 d and 17(6.3%)undergone surgical *** of 214(78.7%)discharged patients,no re-attendances or mortality were *** the subgroup analysis,higher acuity patients were generally older,with higher proportions of head injuries leading to ***:Our study highlights significant morbidities in bicycle-related *** is also a high proportion of fractures in the young healthy male *** prevention is paramount and we propose emphasizing helmet use and road user safety.

关键词： Cycling Injuries Emergency department

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AMachine Learning Approach to User Profiling for Data Annotation of Online Behavior

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2419-2440页

作者： Moona Kanwal Najeed AKhan Aftab A.Khan Computer Science and Information Technology department NED University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachiPakistan Computer Engineering department Sir Syed University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachiPakistan College of Education Health and Human ServicesLongwood UniversityFarmvilleVAUSA

The user’s intent to seek online information has been an active area of research in user *** profiling considers user characteristics,behaviors,activities,and preferences to sketch user intentions,interests,and *** user characteristics can help capture implicit and explicit preferences and intentions for effective user-centric and customized content *** user’s complete online experience in seeking information is a blend of activities such as searching,verifying,and sharing it on social ***,a combination of multiple behaviors in profiling users has yet to be *** research takes a novel approach and explores user intent types based on multidimensional online behavior in information *** research explores information search,verification,and dissemination behavior and identifies diverse types of users based on their online engagement using machine *** research proposes a generic user profile template that explains the user characteristics based on the internet experience and uses it as ground truth for data *** feedback is based on online behavior and practices collected by using a survey *** participants include both males and females from different occupation sectors and different *** data collected is subject to feature engineering,and the significant features are presented to unsupervised machine learning methods to identify user intent classes or profiles and their *** techniques are evaluated,and the K-Mean clustering method successfully generates five user groups observing different user characteristics with an average silhouette of 0.36 and a distortion score of *** average is computed to identify user intent type *** user intent classes are then further generalized to create a user intent template with an Inter-Rater Reliability of 75%.This research successfully extracts different user types based on th

关键词： User intent cluster user profile online search information sharing user behavior search reasons

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A survey on blockchain-enabled federated learning and its prospects with digital twin

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 248-264页

作者： Kangde Liu Zheng Yan Xueqin Liang Raimo Kantola Chuangyue Hu State Key Lab on Integrated services Network School of Cyber EngineeringXidian UniversityXi'anChina department of Communications and Networking Aalto UniversityEspooFinland Yangtze Delta Region Blockchain Technology Research Institute JiaxingChina

Digital Twin(DT)supports real time analysis and provides a reliable simulation platform in the Internet of Things(IoT).The creation and application of DT hinges on amounts of data,which poses pressure on the application of Artificial Intelligence(AI)for DT descriptions and intelligent *** Learning(FL)is a cutting-edge technology that enables geographically dispersed devices to collaboratively train a shared global model locally rather than relying on a data center to perform model ***,DT can benefit by combining with FL,successfully solving the"data island"problem in traditional ***,FL still faces serious challenges,such as enduring single-point failures,suffering from poison attacks,lacking effective incentive *** the successful deployment of DT,we should tackle the issues caused by *** from industry and academia have recognized the potential of introducing Blockchain Technology(BT)into FL to overcome the challenges faced by FL,where BT acting as a distributed and immutable ledger,can store data in a secure,traceable,and trusted ***,to the best of our knowledge,a comprehensive literature review on this topic is still *** this paper,we review existing works about blockchain-enabled FL and visualize their prospects with *** this end,we first propose evaluation requirements with respect to security,faulttolerance,fairness,efficiency,cost-saving,profitability,and support for ***,we classify existing literature according to the functionalities of BT in FL and analyze their advantages and disadvantages based on the proposed evaluation ***,we discuss open problems in the existing literature and the future of DT supported by blockchain-enabled FL,based on which we further propose some directions for future research.

关键词： Digital twin Artificial intelligence Federated learning Blockchain

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Joint position optimization,user association,and resource allocation for load balancing in UAV-assisted wireless networks

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第1期10卷 25-37页

作者： Daosen Zhai Huan Li Xiao Tang Ruonan Zhang Haotong Cao School of Electronics and Information Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXian710072China State Key Laboratory of Integrated services Networks Xidian UniversityXian710071China department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SARChina

Unbalanced traffic distribution in cellular networks results in congestion and degrades spectrum *** tackle this problem,we propose an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)-assisted wireless network in which the UAV acts as an aerial relay to divert some traffic from the overloaded cell to its adjacent underloaded *** fully exploit its potential,we jointly optimize the UAV position,user association,spectrum allocation,and power allocation to maximize the sum-log-rate of all users in two adjacent *** tackle the complicated joint optimization problem,we first design a genetic-based algorithm to optimize the UAV ***,we simplify the problem by theoretical analysis and devise a low-complexity algorithm according to the branch-and-bound method,so as to obtain the optimal user association and spectrum allocation *** further propose an iterative power allocation algorithm based on the sequential convex approximation *** simulation results indicate that the proposed UAV-assisted wireless network is superior to the terrestrial network in both utility and throughput,and the proposed algorithms can substantially improve the network performance in comparison with the other schemes.

关键词： Load balance Unmanned aerial vehicle Userassociation Resource management

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Piecewise Acoustic Source Imaging with Unknown Speed of Sound Using a Level-Set Method

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1070-1095页

作者： Guanghui Huang Jianliang Qian Yang Yang Petroleum Geo-services HoustonTX 77079USA department of Mathematics Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA department of Computational Mathematics Science and EngineeringMichigan State UniversityEastLansingMI48824USA

We investigate the following inverse problem:starting from the acoustic wave equation,reconstruct a piecewise constant passive acoustic source from a single boundary temporal measurement without knowing the speed of *** the amplitudes of the source are known a priori,we prove a unique determination result of the shape and propose a level set algorithm to reconstruct the *** the singularities of the source are known a priori,we show unique determination of the source amplitudes and propose a least-squares fitting algorithm to recover the source *** analysis bridges the low-frequency source inversion problem and the inverse problem of *** proposed algorithms are validated and quantitatively evaluated with numerical experiments in 2D and 3D.

关键词： Inverse gravimetry Acoustic source imaging Inversion of sound speed Level-set method Inverse problem

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Pro-Environmental Civic Participation in the USA: The Effects of Social Media, Pro-Environmental Lifestyle and Climate Experiences

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第1期13卷 31-46页

作者： Rita Mano department of Human services University of Haifa Haifa Israel

This study addresses the link between social media use and pro-environmental civic participation considering the moderating effect of social media affordances (public realm) on one hand, and lifestyle behaviors and climate change experiences (personal realm) on the other. We combine communication theory and behavioral models and using a sample of USA individuals (N = 7225) based on the American Trends Panel to predict variations in pro-environmental behavior. We show that social networks rather than information are more effective in predicting pro-environmental behavior. Moreover, a pro-environmental lifestyle as well as climate change experiences at the community level increase the likelihood for pro-environmental participation. However, affordances related to socioeconomic variations generate variations to pro-environmental civic participation. We conclude that in order to capture the depth of pro-environmental civic participation, it is necessary to theoretically and empirically bridge between private and public expressions of pro-environmental awareness.

关键词： Pro-Environmental Behavior Socio-Economic Digital Information Digital Networks Private Expressions Public Expressions Climate Changes USA

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