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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2015年第1期3卷 15-27页

作者： Ijasini John Tekwa John Matthew Laflen Abubakar Musa Kundiri department of agricultural Technology Federal PolytechnicP.M.B 35 MubiAdamawa StateNigeria department of agricultural and Biological engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA department of Soil Science Federal University DutseP.M.B 7156 DutseJigawa StateNigeria

A field adaptation test of the Ephemeral Gully Erosion Model(EGEM)to predict ephemeral gully(EG)erosion was carried out in the 2008 and 2009 farming seasons in the Mubi area,NE *** use,conservation practices,and EG channel features were measured and/or noted at each *** loss varied among the sites and *** measured area,volume,and mass of soil loss were used to test the standard EGEM_(std),and the adapted models'(EGEM_(Ad) and EGEM_(Al))prediction *** result showed that EGEM_(std) could not predict the area of soil loss *** EGEM_(Ad) and EGEM_(Al) were efficient and better adapted to predicting area,volume,and mass loss from EG *** adapted models are therefore strongly recommended for implementation in the study area.

关键词： Ephemeral gully EGEM Soil loss Prediction Semi-arid nigeria

Effect of Water Application Rate on Growth Parameters of Farro 44 Rice Grown in a Selected Irrigation Scheme in Niger state, nigeria

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agricultural Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 533-547页

作者： Ebierni Akpoebidimiyen Otuaro John Jiya Musa Abayomi Ibrahim Kuti Peter Obasa Sunday Enebojojo Daniel department of Civil engineering Faculty of Engineering Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria department of agricultural and Bioresources engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria department of agricultural and Bio-Environmental engineering Technology Kogi State Polytechnic Lokoja Nigeria

Water and land are the necessary agricultural inputs, and both are scarce these days. This study aims to determine the effect of water application rate on selected planting and crop parameters of Farro 44 rice during dry season farming and its growth response. The randomised complete block design was employed for the Farro 44 rice variety, with each plot size 4 m2 (2 m × 2 m) for ease of monitoring. A 0.3 m bound space separated each plot. The crop spacing was 0.2 m × 0.3 m, 0.3 m × 0.3 m, and 0.3 m × 0.4 m, respectively, for the row-to-row and plant-to-plant distance. The data collected were statistically analysed. The height of the faro 44 variety of rice ranged between 35.50 cm to 44.00 cm for plots with 2 tillers per hill, while that of 4 and 6 tillers per hill ranged between 35.50 cm to 41.40 cm and 35.50 cm to 39.30 cm, respectively. Minimum damage of 2.32% was seen for plant hills of 2 tillers, while 9.21% and 11.89% were observed for tillers of 4 and 6, respectively. It was seen that plots with the highest spacing of 30 × 40 cm and tillers of 2 per hill were observed to perform better than those of the other plots within the experimental pots. Such plots had a maximum plant tiller of 37 when counted, with the height of the plants reaching 44 cm after 70 days of planting. In conclusion, farmers within the study area of the Kanko community in Niger state. nigeria appears not to have any known knowledge of the soil they are cultivating and the water they use as a source of irrigation within the farming areas. It was further concluded that the rice crops would be produced maximally with minimal water application to the rice field.

关键词： Farro 44 Water Rice Irrigation Days

Evaluation of Temporal Changes in Deep Well Water Quality in Igabi Local Government Area of Kaduna state

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第1期11卷 22-33页

作者： John Jiya Musa Otuaro Ebierni Akpoebidimiyen Mohammed Tanimu Musa Pius Olusegun Olufemi Dada Elijah Tsado Musa department of agricultural and Bioresources engineering Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria Civil engineering department Maritime University Okerenkoko Nigeria department of agricultural and Bio-Environmental engineering Kaduna Polytechnic Kaduna Nigeria department of agricultural and Bioresources engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Central Research Laboratory University of Ilorin Ilorin Nigeria

The research work was carried out in Igabi Local Government of Kaduna state. Thirty water samples from boreholes were randomly collected within the major towns in November to April (Dry), and May to October (Rainy season). The samples were analyzed for physical, chemical, and bacteriological parameters and to observe any changes in the groundwater quality of the area. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson Correlation were performed on the data obtained using SPSS 10.0 for a window for significant variations and inter-element relationship. High mean turbidity was recorded in boreholes in Danfili (12.2 NTU), Kwarau (6.2 NTU). Mean turbidity of 4.3 NTU was recorded in Dry season for wells with Rigachikun having 5.1 NTU. It was observed that a negative correlation exists between well depth and heavy metal concentration. There was also a linear relationship of 0.686 between well distance and nitrate (faecal contaminant). Mean value for Fluoride (0.22 mg/l), Sodium (20.78 mg/l), Calcium (15.7 mg/l), Iron (0.013 mg/l), Nitrate (3.69 mg/l), Cadmium (0.00102 mg/l) Chloride (22.107 mg/l) recorded for sampled wells were all within WHO standard. A high value of 24 mg/l and 25 mg/l for Nitrate was recorded in Saminaka Road and Danfili. An indication of contamination during the rainy season indicates surface-groundwater intrusion (influx). The results of the bacteriological analysis indicated that most wells sampled have a range of 1 cfu/100 ml to 7 cfu/100 ml with Danfili Mani having the highest value (7 cfu/100 ml) which make it unsaved (not Potable).

关键词： Temporal Change Analysis Groundwater Physiochemical Bacteriological Quality

Basin Groundwater Recharge and Discharge in the Gully Erosion Prone Areas of anambra, nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Science and engineering 2011年第7期5卷 925-930页

作者： E.I. okoro B.C.E. Egboka E.I. Okpoko O.L. Anike E.K. Enekwechi Environmental Geochemistry Division National Geophysical Research Institute Hyderabad 500007 India department of Geological Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka 420281 Nigeria Geology department Faculty of Natural Sciences Anambra State University Uli 431124 Nigeria Works department Federal Polytechnic Oko 423117 Nigeria

anambra state of nigeria is ravaged by ecological hazards of gully erosion and landslides. Over 450 active gully and landslide sites with depths ranging from 5 m to over 120 m are concentrated on both sides of the Awka-Nanka-Umuchu-Orlu cuesta. The Idemili River and Odo River form the major drainage basins of the area. The geomorphic characteristic of the cuesta/escarpment is a major controlling factor in groundwater recharge and discharge within the drainage basins. Rise in aquifer levels result in hydrogeotechnical implications of gully development and landslides. The calculated values of hydraulic properties of conductivity and transmissivity range from 1.20×10^-1 to 5.93×10^-1 cm/s and 1.15×10^5-13.05×10.3 m^2/s respectively. The values of groundwater velocity and groundwater discharge were 82 *** and 2.96×10^6 m^*** The plasticity index of the soil in the gully prone areas is relatively low ranging from 12.50-36.57%. The unique features of the geologic formations together with obtained aquifer characteristics favour gully/landslide hazards in the area.

关键词： Groundwater recharge/discharge drainage basin gully erosion landslides.

Microplastics in Marine Environment: Occurrence, Distribution, and Extraction Methods in Marine Organisms

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Open Journal of Ecology 2023年第12期13卷 931-955页

作者： Boluwatife S. Olubusoye Peter Oni Faustina Owusu Oluwatoyin Adekoya Acaye Ongwech Daniel A. Odogwu Oluwafemi Awolesi Ayobami Oje Beatrice Arwenyo department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Mississippi Oxford USA department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester USA department of Environmental Science Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA department of Water Resource Policy Grand Valley State University Grand Rapids USA department of Chemistry Gulu University Gulu Uganda department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University Provo USA Research and Development Unit Ecoxygiene Services Limited Lagos Nigeria department of agricultural engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Akure Nigeria

The pervasive presence of microplastics in marine environments has raised significant concerns. This review addresses the pressing issue of microplastic pollution in marine ecosystems and its potential implications for both the environment and human health. It outlines the current state of microplastic occurrence, distribution, and extraction methods within marine organisms. Microplastics have emerged as a significant environmental concern due to their harmful effects on ecosystems and their potential human health risks. These particles infiltrate marine environments through runoff and atmospheric deposition, ultimately contaminating beaches and posing threats to marine life. Despite the gravity of this issue, there has been limited research on the presence and distribution of microplastics in marine organisms. This review aims to bridge this knowledge gap by comprehensively examining the occurrence, distribution, and various extraction methods used to detect microplastics in marine organisms. It emphasizes the urgent need for targeted measures to manage microplastic pollution, highlights the significant role of human activities in contributing to this problem, and underscores the importance of reducing human-induced pollution to safeguard marine ecosystems. While this paper contributes to the understanding of microplastic pollution in marine environments and underscores the critical importance of taking action to protect marine organisms and preserve our oceans for future generations, it also emphasizes that, in effectively tackling the microplastic problem, a well-coordinated approach is essential, involving research initiatives, policy adjustments, public involvement, and innovative technologies. Crucially, prompt and resolute responses must exist to counteract the escalating peril posed by microplastics to the oceans and the global environment.

关键词： Microplastics Marine Environment Marine Organisms Extraction Methods Ecological Impact Ocean Pollution