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Cancer Communications 2022年第7期42卷 673-676页

作者： Johannes Diers Laura Acar Johanna C.Wagner Philip Baum Mohammed Hankir Sven Flemming Carolin Kastner Christoph-Thomas Germer Helmut L’hoest Ursula Marschall Johan Friso Lock Armin Wiegering department of General VisceralTransplantationVascular and Pediatric SurgeryUniversity HospitalUniversity of WuerzburgWuerzburg 97080Germany department medizin und versorgungsforschung Institut fuer GesundheitssystemforschungBarmerWuppertal 42275Germany department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University ofWuerzburgWuerzburg 97074Germany Comprehensive Cancer Centre Mainfranken University of Wuerzburg Medical CentreWuerzburg 97080Germany

Dear Editor,The coronavirus disease of 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has necessitated that semi-urgent and elective medical cases,including cancer screenings,are postponed in hospitals worldwide to accommodate the increasing number of patients with severe COVID-19 symptoms[1-4].Consequently,several reports from the first COVID-19 wave in spring 2020 showed a significant decrease in new cancer diagnoses as well as cancer therapy and screenings[5,6].

关键词： diagnosis cancer Cancer

Scoring systems for peptic ulcer bleeding: which one to use?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第41期23卷 7450-7458页

作者： Ivan Budimir Sanja Stojsavljevic Neven Barsic Alen Biscanin Gorana Mirosevic Sven Bohnec Lora Stanka Kirigin Tajana Pavic Neven Ljubicic Division of Gastroent-erology Department of Internal Medicine 'Sestre Milosrdnice' University Hospital Center Division of Endo-crinology Department of Internal Medicine 'Sestre Milosrdnice' University Hospital Center Gastronterologie Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Geriatrie Rems -Murr Klinik Winnenden

AIM To compare the Glasgow-Blatchford score(GBS), Rockall score(RS) and Baylor bleeding score(BBS) in predicting clinical outcomes and need for interventions in patients with bleeding peptic ulcers. METHODS Between January 2008 and December 2013, 1012consecutive patients admitted with peptic ulcer bleeding(PUB) were prospectively followed. The pre-endoscopic RS, BBS and GBS, as well as the post-endoscopic diagnostic scores(RS and BBS) were calculated for all patients according to their urgent upper endoscopy findings. Area under the receiver-operating characteristics(AUROC) curves were calculated for the prediction of lethal outcome, rebleeding, needs for blood transfusion and/or surgical intervention, and the optimal cutoff values were *** PUB accounted for 41.9% of all upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding, 5.2% patients died and 5.4% patients underwent surgery. By comparing the AUROC curves of the aforementioned pre-endoscopic scores, the RS best predicted lethal outcome(AUROC 0.82 vs 0.67 vs0.63, respectively), but the GBS best predicted need for hospital-based intervention or 30-d mortality(AUROC0.84 vs 0.57 vs 0.64), rebleeding(AUROC 0.75 vs 0.61 vs 0.53), need for blood transfusion(AUROC 0.83 vs0.63 vs 0.58) and surgical intervention(0.82 vs 0.63 vs 0.52) The post-endoscopic RS was also better than the post-endoscopic BBS in predicting lethal outcome(AUROC 0.82 vs 0.69, respectively).CONCLUSION The RS is the best predictor of mortality and the GBS is the best predictor of rebleeding, need for blood transfusion and/or surgical intervention in patients with PUB. There is no one 'perfect score' and we suggest that these two tests be used concomitantly.

关键词： Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Peptic ulcer bleeding Glasgow-Blatchford score Rockall score Baylor bleeding score

Comprehensive review of diagnostic modalities for early chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第27期27卷 4342-4357页

作者： Qi-Chao Ge Christoph F Dietrich Manoop S Bhutani Bao-Zhen Zhang Yue Zhang Yi-Dan Wang Jing-JingZhang Yu-Fan Wu Si-Yu Sun Jin-Tao Guo department of Gastroenterology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004Liaoning ProvinceChina department Allgemeine Innere medizin Salem und PermanenceBern CH-3000Switzerland department of Gastrointestinal Hepatology and NutritionThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States

Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is a progressive condition caused by several factors and characterised by pancreatic fibrosis and ***,CP is difficult to diagnose at an early *** advanced methods including endoscopic ultrasound based elastography and confocal laser endomicroscopy have been used to diagnose early CP,although no unified diagnostic standards have been *** the past,the diagnosis was mainly based on imaging,and no comprehensive evaluations were *** review describes and compares the advantages and limitations of the traditional and latest diagnostic modalities and suggests guidelines for the standardisation of the methods used to diagnose early CP.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Pancreatic fibrosis Early diagnosis Ultrasound endoscopy Endosonography Elastography Confocal laser endomicroscopy

Mitochondrial bioenergetics and neurodegeneration:a paso doble

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第4期16卷 686-687页

作者： Alice Rossi Paola Pizzo department of Biomedical Sciences University of PaduaPaduaItaly department of Neuroscience Max-Delbruck Centrum fur Molekulare MedizinBerlinGermany

Mitochondria and neuronal activity:The brain is one of the highest energy demanding organs,consuming~20%of the total ATP produced by the whole ***,neurons mainly rely on ATP synthesized by mitochondrial bioenergetics and neuronal activity is strictly dependent on specific mitochondrial localization at synapses,sites consuming a high amount of energy requested for both pre-and post-synaptic ***,mitochondria produce ATP and buffer Ca^2+rises,two essential processes for neurotransmission and generation of membrane potential along the axon(Magistretti and Allaman,2015).

关键词： organs consuming energetics

Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation facilitated by preprocedural three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography: Long-term outcome

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World Journal of Cardiology 2017年第6期9卷 539-546页

作者： Klaus Kettering Felix Gramley Stephan von Bardeleben department of Cardiology University of Frankfurt HPK Heidelberger Praxisklinik für Innere medizin Kardiologie und Pneumologie department of Cardiology University of Mainz

AIM To evaluate the long-term outcome of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation(AF) facilitated by preprocedural threedimensional(3-D) transesophageal *** In 50 patients, 3D transesophageal echocardiography(3D TEE) was performed immediately prior to an ablation procedure(paroxysmal AF: 30 patients, persistent AF: 20 patients). The images were available throughout the ablation procedure. Two different ablation strategies were used. In most of the patients with paroxysmal AF, the cryoablation technique was used(Arctic Front Balloon, Cryo Cath Technologies/Medtronic; group A2). In the other patients, a circumferential pulmonary vein ablation was performed using the CARTO system [Biosense Webster; group A1(paroxysmal AF), group B(persistent AF)]. Success rates and complication rates were analysed at 4-year *** A 3D TEE could be performed successfully in all patients prior to the ablation procedure and all four pulmonaryvein ostia could be evaluated in 84% of patients. The image quality was excellent in the majority of patients and several variations of the pulmonary vein anatomy could be visualized precisely(e.g., common pulmonary vein ostia, accessory pulmonary veins, varying diameter of the left atrial appendage and its distance to the left superior pulmonary vein). All ablation procedures could be performed as planned and almost all pulmonary veins could be isolated successfully. At 48-mo followup, 68.0% of all patients were free from an arrhythmia recurrence(group A1: 72.7%, group A2: 73.7%, group B: 60.0%). There were no major ***3 D TEE provides an excellent overview over the left atrial anatomy prior to AF ablation procedures and these procedures are associated with a favourable long-term outcome.

关键词： Pulmonary veins Catheter ablation Atrial fibrillation Transesophageal echocardiography Three-dimensional echocardiography

Isotropically resolved label-free tomographic imaging based on tomographic moulds for optical trapping

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第6期10卷 1061-1069页

作者： Moosung Lee Kyoohyun Kim Jeonghun Oh YongKeun Park department of Physics Korea Advaneed In stitute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141South Korea. KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology KAISTDaejeon 34141South Korea. Tomocube Inc. Daejeon 34109South Korea. Present address:Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light Max-Planck-Zentrum fur Physik und medizin 91058 ErlangenGermany

A major challenge in three-dimensional(3D)microscopy is to obtain accurate spatial information while simultaneously keeping the microscopic samples in their native *** conventional 3D microscopy,axial resolution is inferior to spatial resolution due to the inaccessibility to side scattering *** this study,we demonstrate the isotropic microtomography of free-floating samples by optically rotating a *** to previous approaches using optical tweezers with multiple foci which are only applicable to simple shapes,we exploited 3D structured light traps that can stably rotate freestanding complex-shaped microscopic specimens,and side scattering information is measured at various sample orientations to achieve isotropic *** proposed method yields an isotropic resolution of 230 nm and captures structural details of colloidal multimers and live red blood cells,which are inaccessible using conventional tomographic *** envision that the proposed approach can be deployed for solving diverse imaging problems that are beyond the examples shown here.

关键词： trapping details resolved

Lack of new antiinfective agents: Passing into the pre-antibiotic age?

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2015年第3期6卷 71-77页

作者： Klaus Brandenburg Tobias Schürholz Forschungszentrum Borstel Leibniz-Zentrum für Medizin und Biowissenschaften department of Intensive Care and Intermediate Care University Hospital Aachen

The lack of newly developed antibiotics, together with the increase in multi-resistance of relevant pathogenic bacteria in the last decades, represents an alarming signal for human health care worldwide. The number of severely infected persons increases not only in developing but also in highly industrialized countries. This relates in first line to the most severe form of a bacterial infection, sepsis and the septic shock syndrome, with high mortality on critical care units. No particular anti-sepsis drug is available, and the therapy with conventional antibiotics more and more fails to provide a survival benefit. Due to the fact that the pharmaceutical industry has withdrawn to a high degree from the development of anti-infectious agents, a huge challenge for health care is approaching in the 21 st century. In this article, these problems are outlined and possible alternatives are presented which may be helpful to solve the problem.

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Antibiotics Sepsis Antimicrobial peptides Lipoproteins Inflammation Cytokines Endotoxins

Ultrasound-based artificial intelligence in gastroenterology and hepatology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第38期28卷 5530-5546页

作者： Ji-Qiao Liu Jia-Yu Ren Xiao-Lan Xu Li-Yan Xiong Yue-Xiang Peng Xiao-Fang Pan Christoph F Dietrich Xin-Wu Cui department of Medical Ultrasound Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030Hubei ProvinceChina department of Ultrasound Wuhan Third HospitalTongren Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430030Hubei ProvinceChina Health Medical department Dalian Municipal Central HospitalDalian 116000Liaoning ProvinceChina department Allgemeine Innere medizin Kliniken Hirslanden Beau SiteSalem und PermanenceBern 3003Switzerland

Artificial intelligence (AI), especially deep learning, is gaining extensive attentionfor its excellent performance in medical image analysis. It can automatically makea quantitative assessment of complex medical images and help doctors to makemore accurate diagnoses. In recent years, AI based on ultrasound has been shownto be very helpful in diffuse liver diseases and focal liver lesions, such asanalyzing the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver and the stage of liver fibrosis,identifying benign and malignant liver lesions, predicting the microvascularinvasion of hepatocellular carcinoma, curative transarterial chemoembolizationeffect, and prognoses after thermal ablation. Moreover, AI based on endoscopicultrasonography has been applied in some gastrointestinal diseases, such asdistinguishing gastric mesenchymal tumors, detection of pancreatic cancer andintraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, and predicting the preoperative tumordeposits in rectal cancer. This review focused on the basic technical knowledgeabout AI and the clinical application of AI in ultrasound of liver and gastroenterologydiseases. Lastly, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives of AI.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Ultrasound Liver Gastroenterology Deep learning

ADAM10 sheddase activation is controlled by cell membrane asymmetry

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第11期11卷 979-993页

作者： Florian Bleibaum Anselm Sommer Martin Veit Bjorn Rabe Jorg Andra Karl Kunzelmann Christian Nehls Wilmar Correa Thomas Gutsmann Joachim Grotzinger Sucharit Bhakdi Karina Reiss department of Dermatology University of Kiel24105 KielGermany Institute of Biochemistry University of KielOlshausenstraBe 4024098 KielGermany Hamburg University of Applied Science Ulmenliet 2021033 HamburgGermany Physiological Institute University of RegensburgUniversitatsstraBe 3193053 RegensburgGermany Forschungszentrum Borstel Leibniz-Zentrum fur Medizin und BiowissenschaftenParkallee 1023845 BorstelGermany

Dysregulation of the disintegrin-metalloproteinase ADAM10 may contribute to the development of diseases including tumorigenesis and Alzheimer's *** mechanisms underlying ADAM10 sheddase activation are incompletely ***,we show that transient exposure of the negatively charged phospholipid phosphatidylserine(PS)is necessarily *** soluble PS headgroup was found to act as competitive inhibitor of substrate *** of the Ca2+-dependent phospholipid scramblase Anoctamin-6(AN06)led to increased PS externalization and substrate *** with a constitutively active form of AN06 resulted in maximum sheddase activity in the absence of any ***-dependent ADAM10 activation could not be induced in lymphocytes of patients with Scott syndrome harbouring a missense mutation in AN06.A putative PS-binding motif was identified in the conserved stalk *** of this motif resulted in strong reduction of sheddase *** conjunction with the recently described 3D structure of the ADAM10 extracellular domain,a model is advanced to explain how surface-exposed PS triggers ADAM 10 sheddase function.

关键词： ADAM10 activation shedding Anoctamin-6 phosphatidylserine cell membrane asymmetry

Artificial intelligence in liver ultrasound

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第27期28卷 3398-3409页

作者： Liu-Liu Cao Mei Peng Xiang Xie Gong-Quan Chen Shu-Yan Huang Jia-Yu Wang Fan Jiang Xin-Wu Cui Christoph F Dietrich department of Medical Ultrasound The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230601Anhui ProvinceChina department of Medical Ultrasound Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu UniversityEnshi 445000Hubei ProvinceChina department of Medical Ultrasound The First People's Hospital of HuaihuaHuaihua 418000Hunan ProvinceChina department of Medical Ultrasound Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030Hubei ProvinceChina department Allgemeine Innere medizin Kliniken Hirslanden Beau SiteSalem und PermanenceBern 3626Switzerland

Artificial intelligence(AI)is playing an increasingly important role in medicine,especially in the field of medical *** can be used to diagnose diseases and predict certain statuses and possible events that may ***,more and more studies have confirmed the value of AI based on ultrasound in the evaluation of diffuse liver diseases and focal liver *** can assess the severity of liver fibrosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver,differentially diagnose benign and malignant liver lesions,distinguish primary from secondary liver cancers,predict the curative effect of liver cancer treatment and recurrence after treatment,and predict microvascular invasion in hepatocellular *** findings from these studies have great clinical application potential in the near *** purpose of this review is to comprehensively introduce the current status and future perspectives of AI in liver ultrasound.

关键词： Machine learning Deep learning Radiomics Diffuse liver diseases Focal liver diseases Ultrasound