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Acoustical imaging of the nearshore seafloor depositions and deformations,a key study for Western Istanbul,Türkiye

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第8期43卷 69-78页

作者： ÖZGAN Sinan ALP Hakan BAyAT Oğuz VARDAR Denizhan Institute of Marine Sciences and Management Istanbul University34134 VefaIstanbulTürkiye department of Geophysical Engineering Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa34500 HadımköyIstanbulTürkiye School of Engineering and Architecture Altinbas University34217 BagcilarIstanbulTürkiye

To protect the sustainability of the benefits from seas and near coastal areas,which have under the effect of the very complex hydrodynamic conditions and intensive human activities,without disrupting the balance of nature,it is necessary to image the status of the seafloor ***,this study presents the deformations,depositional conditions,underwater constructions,and the other non-natural impacts on the seafloor of the nearshore area at western Istanbul(between Küçükçekmece and Büyükçekmece lagoons)where it intensely used by the *** results of the study may provide some guidance for understanding the impacts and risk factors of uses that are or will be conducted in coastal and/or near-coastal *** planning for civil coastal structures and areas should be done in great harmony with nature,minimizing negative environmental *** sediment distribution in the area is generally quite complex,the current state of the region,wave action,hydrodynamic conditions,the amount of material transported from the land,and bathymetry are important influencing *** seafloor has been damaged primarily by anchor deformation and associated bottom scanning,as well as disturbing trawl *** seafloor was observed as partially shallowing near the constructions(such as natural gas pipelines,fishermen’s shelter,and port piles)of coastal areas and associated with sand ***,scanning the seafloor using side-scan sonar may provide valuable frequency data to prevent future disruptions.

关键词： port activities sediment classifications side scan sonar sub bottom profiler coastal protection

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Plant Nitrogen Metabolism: Balancing Resilience to Nutritional Stress andAbiotic Challenges

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 581-609页

作者： Muhammad Farhan Manda Sathish Rafia Kiran Aroosa Mushtaq Alaa Baazeem Ammarah Hasnain Fahad Hakim Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi Mustansar Mubeen yasir Iftikhar Aqleem Abbas Muhammad Zeeshan Hassan Mahmoud Moustafa department of Plant Pathology Faculty of Agricultural Sciences&TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule(CIEAM) Vicerrectoría de Investigación y PostgradoUniversidad Católica del MauleTalca3460000Chile College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina department of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia department of Biotechnology Faculty of Biological SciencesLahore University of Biological and Applied SciencesLahorePakistan department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan department of Agriculture and Food Technology Karakorum International UniversityGilgitPakistan department of Biology Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

Plant growth and resilience to abiotic stresses,such as soil salinity and drought,depend intricately on nitrogen *** review explores nitrogen’s regulatory role in plant responses to these challenges,unveiling a dynamic interplay between nitrogen availability and abiotic *** the context of soil salinity,a nuanced rela-tionship emerges,featuring both antagonistic and synergistic interactions between salinity and nitrogen ***-induced chlorophyll depletion in plants can be alleviated by optimal nitrogen supplementation;however,excessive nitrogen can exacerbate salinity *** delve into the complexities of this interaction and its agri-cultural ***,a vital element within essential plant structures like chloroplasts,elicits diverse responses based on its *** review comprehensively examines manifestations of nitrogen deﬁciency and toxicity across various crop types,including cereals,vegetables,legumes,and ***,we explore the broader consequences of nitrogen products,such as N_(2)O,NO_(2),and ammonia,on human ***-ing the intricate relationship between nitrogen and salinity,especially chloride accumulation in nitrate-fed plants and sodium buildup in ammonium-fed plants,is pivotal for optimizing crop nitrogen ***,prudent nitrogen use is essential,as overapplication can exacerbate nitrogen-related *** Use Efﬁ-ciency(NUE)is of paramount importance in addressing salinity challenges and enhancing sustainable crop *** this goal requires advancements in crop varieties with efﬁcient nitrogen utilization,pre-cise timing and placement of nitrogen fertilizer application,and thoughtful nitrogen source selection to mitigate losses,particularly urea-based fertilizer *** review article delves into the multifaceted world of plant nitrogen metabolism and its pivotal role in enabling plant resilience to nutritional stress and abiotic chall

关键词： Synthetic nitrogen nitrogen signaling sustainable agriculture eutrophication ammonium nitrate

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Optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties of spinel chalcogenides HgLa2X4（X=S and Se）:A first-principles study

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1927-1936页

作者： Aparna Dixit Inas A.Ahmed Jisha Annie Abraham Zeinhom M.El-Bahy Mumtaz Manzoor Sajad Ahmad Dar Ramesh Sharma department of Basic Science and Humanities Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid University department of Physics National Defence Academy department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar University Institute of Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences department of Physics Motilal Vigyan Mahavidyalya College department of Applied Science Feroze Gandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology

We investigated spinel chalcogenides HgLa2（S/Se）4by using density function theory,and scrutinized the structural,optical,electrical,mechanical and thermoelectric transport characteristics of HgLa2（S/Se）4spinel *** enthalpy of formation,energy of cohesion,and energy volume optimum plots were used to obtain the stability as well as the perfect ground state of these *** ductility of these materials was the best illustrated with the help of Poisson's and Pugh's *** band gap results were obtained using Trans and Blaha modified Becke-Johanson potential（TB-mBJ）.Both the materials present semi-conducting nature with direct band gap equal to 1.449 and 0.892 eV respectively for HgLa2S4and *** were also made for optical characteristics with the values of dielectric function,absorption coefficient,optical conductivity,reflectivity,and refractive *** to the findings,both of these materials are suitable for infrared optoelectronic *** materials were found to have promising optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications after their optical properties and transport aspects were *** tiny levels of temperature conductivities,substantial am ounts of power conductivities,the figure of merit（more than unity）,as well as Seebecs coefficients all point to the potential use of both the materials in thermoelectric power generators.

关键词： Density functional theory Direct band gap Optoelectronic Power factor Semiconductors Thermoelectric

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Quantitative assessment of the impact of a triage physician on the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education resident milestones in the emergency department

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 220-222页

作者： Julie Cueva Duncan Grossman Vishnu Muppala Arlene Chung Mahlaqa Butt Jefferson Drapkin Antonios Likourezos Errel Khordipour department of Emergency Medicine Maimonides Medical CenterNew York 11219USA

The “door-to-doctor” time for patients to be seen by a physician is an increasingly studied *** may shorten this time by implementing a triage physician (TP).The exact role of a TP may vary across *** put in preliminary orders for lab work,imaging,and treatment,and decide treatment location for further *** the prevalence of TPs grows,its effect on resident education in academic emergency departments (EDs) remains *** implemented a TP in the spring of 2016 and assessed resident physicians before and after implementation.

关键词： physician doctor treatment

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Review of Networked Microgrid Protection:Architectures,Challenges,Solutions,and Future Trends

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 448-467页

作者： Jorge de la Cruz ying Wu John E.Candelo-Becerra Juan C.Vasquez Josep M.Guerrero Center for Research on Microgrids(CROM) Department of Energy TechnologyAalborg University9220 AalborgDenmark Facultad de Minas Departamento de Energia Eléctrica y AutomaticaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaSede MedellinCarrera 80 No.65-223RobledoMedellin 050041Colombia. Center for Research on Microgrids at UPC(UPC CROM) Department of Electronic EngineeringTechnical University of Catalonia(UPC)08019 Barcelona Spain ICREA Pg.Lluis Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain Center for Research on Microgrids at AAU(AAU CROM) AAU EnergyAalborg University(AAU)9220 Aalborg EastDenmark

Design and selection of advanced protection schemes have become essential for reliable and secure operation of networked *** protection schemes that allow correct operation of microgrids have been proposed for individual systems in different topologies and ***,protection schemes for networked microgrids are still in devel-opment,and further research is required to design and operate advanced protection in interconnected *** of these microgrids in different nodes with various intercon-nection technologies increases fault occurrence and complicates protection *** paper aims to point out challenges in developing protection for networked microgrids,potential solutions,and research areas that need to be addressed for their ***,this article presents a systematic analysis of different microgrid clusters proposed since 2016,including several architectures of networked microgrids,operation modes,components,and utilization of renewable sources,which have not been widely explored in previous review ***,the paper presents a discussion on protection systems currently available for microgrid clusters,current challenges,and solutions that have been proposed for these ***,it discusses the trend of protection schemes in networked microgrids and presents some conclusions related to ***—Adaptive eprotection,microgrid cluster,microgrid,multiple microgrid,networked microgrid,real-time simulation,smart grid.

关键词： Adaptive eprotection microgrid cluster microgrid multiple microgrid networked microgrid real-time simulation smart grid

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A review on the parasitic isopod genus Notophryxus ***,1883(Crustacea:Isopoda),and first report of Notophryxus globularis ***,1885 from Lakshadweep Sea(Amini Island)

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第8期43卷 142-153页

作者： Mukkattu Nazar Suhaana Jaime Gómez-Gutiérrez Paravanparambil Rajakumar Jayachandran Punnakkal Hari Praved Sivasankaran Bijoy Nandan department of Marine Biology Microbiology and BiochemistrySchool of Marine SciencesCochin University of Science and TechnologyKochi-Kerala 682016India Departamento de Plancton y Ecología Marina Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias MarinasInstituto Politécnico NacionalLa Paz B.C.S.23096Mexico Applied Research Centre for Environment and Marine Studies King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia

Isopod crustaceans of the family Dajidae are exclusively marine *** genus Notophryxus ***,1883 currently includes nine nominal species,which are very rarely reported as the chances for encountering these specimens are *** comprehension of the taxonomy,biology,ecology,and life cycle of species belonging to the Notophryxus genus is notably *** nominal species of Notophryxus genus are reviewed here to obtain a comprehensive and integrative taxonomic understanding of this genus,in an attempt to address the *** paper also documents the rediscovery of an ectoparasitic isopod from the genus Notophryxus in Indian waters,after 55 *** isopod specimens obtained from the outer reefs of Amini Island in the Lakshadweep archipelago,Southeastern Arabian Sea,display morphological congruence to Notophryxus globularis ***,*** only previous report on this species dates back to 1885 from ***'description of *** as an ectoparasite on the euphausiid Thysanoessa gregaria ***,1883 in the North *** discovery represents a range extension of *** from the North Pacific to the Arabian *** cryptoniscid larvae and three adult females of ***(with dwarf males)were found attached to four adult mysid specimens of Siriella aequiremis Hansen,*** present study provides an improved diagnosis of *** with the aid of light microscopy images and line drawings which was not given in the original ***,1885 *** research also provides a concise description of cryptoniscid larvae from the same sampling location and same host which is most likely to be *** larvae.

关键词： Dajiidae Mysid cryptoniscan larvae Southeastern Arabian Sea Notophryxus

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Constrained reinforcement learning with statewise projection: a control barrier function approach

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 136-154页

作者： Xinze JIN Kuo LI Qingshan JIA department of Automation Tsinghua University

Safety is a critical issue for reinforcement learning(RL), as it may be risky for some actual applications if the learning process involves unsafe exploration. Instead of formulating constraints as expectationbased in constrained RL, considering statewise safety in constrained RL is more meaningful. This work aims to address the issue of safe projection in RL by introducing a control barrier function that inherently learns a safe policy through a set certificate. We seek to analyze some theoretical properties of safe projection in the learning process, including convergence and performance bound, and extend the discussion into ensembles and guided controllers. Moreover, we approach analytical solutions for deterministic and stochastic system dynamics. Experimental results in different tasks show that the proposed method achieves better effects in terms of both performance and safety.

关键词： reinforcement learning safe projection control barrier function

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Woody plant taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity decrease along elevational gradients in Andean tropical montane forests:Environmental filtering and arrival of temperate taxa

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 491-501页

作者： Guillermo Bañares-de-Dios Manuel J.Macía Gabriel Arellano Íñigo Granzow-de la Cerda Julia Vega-álvarez Itziar Arnelas Carlos I.Espinosa Norma Salinas Luis Cayuela Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain Departamento de Biología Área de BotánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Oikobit LLC ***AlbuquerqueNM87120USA Real Jardín Botánico–CSIC Plaza Murillo 2MadridES-28014Spain Departamento de Biología Animal EcologíaParasitologíaEdafología y Química AgrícolaUniversidad de SalamancaCalle Donantes de Sangre s/nSalamancaES-37007Spain Departamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y EvoluciónUniversidad Complutense de MadridCalle JoséAntonio Nováis 12Ciudad UniversitariaES-28040Spain Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Técnica Particular de LojaA.P.11-01-608 LojaEcuador Sección Química Pontificia Universidad Católica del PerúA.P.Lima 32LimaPeru ECI School of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordOX13QYOxfordshireUnited Kingdom Instituto de Investigación en Cambio Global(IICG-URJC) Universidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain

Mountains are paramount for exploring biodiversity patterns due to the mosaic of topographies and climates encompassed over short *** research has traditionally focused on taxonomic diversity when investigating changes along elevational gradients,but other facets should be *** first time,we simultaneously assessed elevational trends in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity of woody plants in Andean tropical montane forests and explored their underlying ecological and evolutionary *** investigation covered four transects(traversing ca.2200 m a.s.l.) encompassing 114 plots of 0.1 ha across a broad latitudinal range(ca.10°).Using Hill numbers to quantify abundance-based diversity among 37,869 individuals we observed a consistent decrease in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity as elevation increased,although the decrease was less pronounced for higher Hill *** exception was a slight increase in phylogenetic diversity when dominant species were *** decrease in taxonomic and functional diversity might be attributed to an environmental filtering process towards highlands,where the increasingly harsher conditions exclude species and functional ***,the differences in steepness decrease between Hill orders suggest that rare species disproportionately contribute to functional *** phylogenetic diversity the shifting elevational trend between Hill orders indicates a greater than previously considered influence in central Andean highlands of tropical lowlands originated species with strong niche conservatism relative to distantly related temperate *** could be explained by a decreasing presence and abundance of temperate,extratropical taxa towards the central Andes relative to northern or southern Andes,where they are more prevalent.

关键词： Altitudinal gradients Andes Environmentalﬁltering Out of the Tropical Lowlands Functional rarity Tropical Niche Conservatism

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Displacement-pressure biparametrically regulated softness sensory system for intraocular pressure monitoring

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 159-168页

作者： yu Cheng yifei Zhan Fangyi Guan Junli Shi Jingxiao Wang yi Sun Muhammad Zubair Cunjiang yu Chuan Fei Guo department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology department of Engineering Science and Mechanics Pennsylvania State University department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University department of Materials Science and Engineering Materials Research Institute Pennsylvania State University

High intraocular pressure(IOP) is one of the high-risk pathogenic factors of glaucoma. Existing methods of IOP measurement are based on the direct interaction with the cornea. Commercial ophthalmic tonometers based on snapshot measurements are expensive, bulky, and their operation requires trained *** contact lenses are easy to use, but they may block vision and cause infection. Here, we report a sensory system for IOP assessment that uses a soft indentor with two asymmetrically deployed iontronic flexible pressure sensors to interact with the eyelid-eyeball in an eye-closed situation. Inspired by human fingertip assessment of softness, the sensory system extracts displacement-pressure information for soft evaluation, achieving high accuracy IOP monitoring(>96%). We further design and custom-make a portable and wearable ophthalmic tonometer based on the sensory system and demonstrate its high efficacy in IOP screening. This sensory system paves a way towards cost-effective, robust, and reliable IOP monitoring.

关键词： intraocular pressure tonometer deep learning softness iontronic sensor

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厄尔尼诺-南方涛动研究进展

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科学通报 2024年第8期69卷 1047-1057页

作者：张晓琳马永星大连海事大学航海学院大连116085 department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Fisheries and Oceans Canada Bedford Institute of OceanographyDartmouth B2Y 4A2Canada

厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(El Nino and Southern Oscillation,ENSO)对全球气候都具有重要的影响,如印度洋季风、秘鲁沿岸的渔业生产以及北美的气候等.过去的研究在ENSO的观测、理论、预报和数值模拟等方面都取得了长足的进展,但依然有很多问... 详细信息

厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(El Nino and Southern Oscillation,ENSO)对全球气候都具有重要的影响,如印度洋季风、秘鲁沿岸的渔业生产以及北美的气候等.过去的研究在ENSO的观测、理论、预报和数值模拟等方面都取得了长足的进展,但依然有很多问题尚待解决.本文简要地回顾了过去在ENSO的相关理论、预报、非对称性以及年代际变化、古气候下的变化以及数值模拟方面的研究:首先回顾了ENSO盛行的几组理论,具体包括Bjerknes正反馈机制、延迟振子理论、充放电振子理论、平流反射振子理论以及西太平洋振子理论.其次,系统地总结了厄尔尼诺常用的预报方法以及预报因子(如暖水体积、西太平洋风场、印度洋-太平洋风场的积分及赤道流场等),并讨论了目前预报仍然存在的局限性;非对称性和年代际变化是ENSO重要的特征,本文详细地阐述了这方面的相关研究进展及存在的问题.再次,介绍了关于ENSO的古气候研究目前所取得的成果以及主要结论,并对数值模拟方面仍然存在的问题及ENSO对其他海盆的影响进行了讨论;最后,对上述相关方面存在的不足以及亟待解决的问题进行了探讨和总结.

关键词：厄尔尼诺-南方涛动动力学机制预报古气候盐度海盆间相互作用

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