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Interaction between seed size and NaCl on germination and early seedling growth of some Turkish cultivars of chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.)

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Journal of Zhejiang university-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第5期9卷 371-377页

作者： Muharrem KAYA Gamze KAYA Mehmet Demir KAYA Mehmet ATAK Sevil SAGLAM Khalid Mahmood KHAWAR Cemalettin Yasar CIFTCI department of Field crops Faculty of AgricultureSuleyman Demirel University Central Research Institute for Field crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs department of Field crops Faculty of AgricultureMustafa Kemal University department of Field crops Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Ankara

Chickpea is an important food legume crop of Turkey and is largely grown for human consumption on low moisture or salt-affected soils. The objective of the study was to find the effects of NaCl stress at electrical conductivities of 4.5, 8.6, 12.7 and 16.3 dS/m and seed sizes （7, 8 and 9 mm） on germination and early seedling growth of three popular chickpea cultivars （AKN-97, Gokce and Uzunlu-99）. Mean frequency of germination, germination time, germination index, root length, shoot length and seedling fresh weight showed seed size-dependent responses ofcultivars to salt stress. In general, small seeds germinated and grew more rapidly compared to medium and large seeds of the same cultivars against all levels of salt stress, with the best results in cultivar Uzunlu-99. No effect of NaCl treatments was observed on frequency of germination; however, a drastic decrease in early seedling growth was recorded at increased NaC1 concentrations. Regression analysis results showed a significantly positive relationship （P〈0.01） between seed size and mean germination time, whereas a significantly negative relationship was recorded between seed size and germination index, root length, shoot length. Moreover, linear regression values apparently confirmed that increased seed size in each cultivar affected decreased germination index, root and shoot lengths with enhanced mean germination time. Thus, it was concluded that the use of small seeds could considerably reduce the production costs of chickpea in salt-affected soils.

关键词： Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) NaCl stress Cultivar Seed size Germination

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Maize response to elevated plant density combined with lowered N-fertilizer rate is genotype-dependent

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The Crop Journal 2015年第2期3卷 96-109页

作者： Ahmed Medhat M.Al-Naggar Reda A.Shabana Mohamed M.M.Atta Tarek H.Al-Khalil Agronomy department Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University

Increasing plant density and improving N fertilizer rate along with the use of high density-tolerant genotypes would lead to maximizing maize(Zea mays L.) grain productivity per unit land area. The objective of this investigation was to match the functions of optimum plant density and adequate nitrogen fertilizer application to produce the highest possible yields per unit area with the greatest maize genotype efficiency. Six maize inbred lines differing in tolerance to low N and high density(D) [three tolerant(T); L-17, L-18, L-53,and three sensitive(S); L-29, L-54, L-55] were chosen for diallel crosses. Parents and crosses were evaluated in the 2012 and 2013 seasons under three plant densities: low(47,600),medium(71,400), and high(95,200) plants ha-1and three N fertilization rates: low(no N addition), medium(285 kg N ha-1) and high(570 kg N ha-1). The T × T crosses were superior to the S × S and T × S crosses under the low N–high D environment in most studied traits across seasons. The relationships between the nine environments and grain yield per hectare(GYPH) showed near-linear regression functions for inbreds L54, L29, and L55 and hybrids L18 × L53 and L18 × L55 with the highest GYPH at a density of47,600 plants ha-1and N rate of 570 kg N ha-1and a curvilinear relationship for inbreds L17, L18, and L53 and the rest of the hybrids with the highest GYPH at a density of95,200 plants ha-1combined with an N rate of 570 kg N ha-1. Cross L17 × L54 gave the highest grain yield in this study under both high N–high-D(19.9 t ha-1) and medium N–high-D environments(17.6 t ha-1).

关键词： Quadratic regression Appropriate N rate High-density tolerant maize Unit area productivity

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An in Vitro Approach to Investigate the Role of Abscisic Acid in Alleviating the Negative Effects of Chilling Stress on Banana Shoots

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第6期92卷 1695-1711页

作者： Ibrahim Hmmam Ali Raza Ivica Djalovic Nagwa Khedr Abdou Abdellatif Pomology department Faculty of AgricultureCairo UniversityGiza2613Egypt College of agriculture Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China Institute of Field and vegetable crops National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaNovi SadSerbia

Banana is a tropical crop cultivated in warm *** stress in Egypt is making banana crops less *** acid(ABA),a key plant hormone,regulates metabolic and physiological processes and protects plants from a variety of *** vitro growing banana shoots were pre-treated with ABA at four concentrations(0,25,50,and 100 mM)and chilled at 5℃for 24 h,followed by a six-day recovery period at 25℃.By comparing ABA treatments to both positive and negative controls,physiological and biochemical changes were *** stress(5℃)caused a considerable increase in lipid peroxidation and ion leakage and reduced photosynthetic pigments in cold-treated *** the concentration of ABA to 100μM enhanced the response to chilling *** had a major effect on mitigating chilling injury in banana shoots by keeping cell membranes stable and lowering the amount of ion leakage and lipid ***,ABA significantly maintained the photosynthetic pigment concentration of banana shoots;accumulated higher amounts of total soluble carbohydrates and proline;and increased DPPH radical scavenging ***,ABA treatment enhanced cold tolerance in chilling-stressed banana shoots through the regulation of antioxidant enzyme ***,the results show that ABA is a good choice for protecting banana shoots from the damage caused by chilling stress.

关键词： Abiotic stress antioxidant cold stress plant hormone photosynthetic pigment

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Free radical scavenging activity of three different flowers-Hibiscus rosa-sinensis,Quisqualis indica and Senna surattensis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第9期6卷 771-777页

作者： Abd El-Moneim Mohamed Radwan Afify Hazem Mohamed Mahmoud Hassan Biochemistry department Faculty of AgricultureCairo University

Objective:To evaluate three flowers of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis(***-sinensis),Quisqualis indica(***) and Senna surattensis(***) for their antioxidant activity by different methods in addition to total phenolic,flavonoid and pigment ***:Antioxidant activity of water,ethanol and absolute ethanol extracts of three flowers; ***-sinensis,*** and *** was *** antioxidant activity was assessed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity,ferrous chelating activity,reducing power,nitric oxide scavenging activity,hydroxyl radical scavenging activity as well as total antioxidant *** flavonoids,total phenols and total pigments including chlorophylls and carotenoids were measured for the three ***:The results showed that the highest total antioxidant capacity at concentration of 500 mg/L was found in *** as 0.479 ± *** activity of ***,*** and *** flower extracts against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical showed the highest activity of(90.20 ± 0.29)% with 500 mg/*** screening of the three flowers extracts were carried out for alkaloids,flavonoids,saponins,tannins,steroids,glycosides,terpenoids,amino acid and ***-sinensis showed the total phenolic in water extract of(235.77 ± 14.31) mg/100 g,the other two flowers *** and *** had the total phenolic in ethanol extracts of(937.70 ± 25.06) and(850.30 ± 13.81) mg/100 g,*** the other hand total flavonoids were identified in absolute ethanol extracts in the three flowers[(32.83 ± 1.34),(49.24 ± 4.87) and(2.79 ± 0.23) mg/100 g,respectively].Conclusions:The extracts in the constituents of the three flowers could be used as additives as supplement fractions in foods.

关键词： Free radical Antioxidant Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Quisqualis indica Senna surattensis

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Impacts of Sletr1-1 and Sletr1-2 mutations on the hybrid seed quality of tomatoes

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2019年第5期18卷 1170-1176页

作者： Syariful Mubarok Hiroshi Ezura Anas Kusumiyati Neni Rostini Erni Suminar Gungun Wiguna department of Agronomy Universitas Padjadjaran Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center University of Tsukuba Graduate Program of Plant Science Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Padjadjaran vegetable crops Research Institute Ministry of Agriculture

Shelf life is an important breeding trait in tomato, especially for the tomato production in subtropical and tropical regions. Previously we have isolated and characterized ethylene receptor mutants, Sletr1-1 and Sletr1-2 from mutant population based on Micro-Tom cultivar. Sletr1-1 showed insensitivity to ethylene while Sletr1-2 showed reduced sensitivity to ethylene. We also have demonstrated that the traits are useful for extending fruit shelf life of the hybrid tomato cultivars. For commercializing the hybrid cultivars, the seed quality is another important trait. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the Sletr1-1 and Sletr1-2 mutations on the seed quality characteristics of F_1 hybrid lines generated by crossing Sletr1-1 and Sletr1-2 with three commercial tomato cultivars, Intan, Mutiara and Ratna. Sletr1-1 mutation conferred insensitivity to ethylene in the F_1 hybrid seedlings, resulting in negative effects including reduced germination rate, vigor index and emergence speed index. Interestingly Sletr1-2 mutation had almost no effect on the seed quality characteristics of the F_1 hybrid lines, suggesting that Sletr1-2 was suitable for producing high quality of hybrid seeds.

关键词： ethylene receptor mutant hybrid quality seed tomato

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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterisation of Abiotic Stress Responsive mTERF Gene Family in Amaranthus hypochondriacus

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第5期92卷 1649-1664页

作者： Mortaza Hajyzadeh department of Field crops Faculty of AgricultureŞirnak UniversitySirnakTurkiye

Abiotic stresses at different growth stages in the life of plants negatively affect yield ***,plants,including Amaranthus hypochondriacus,develop adaptive strategies to face the stresses and expand functional *** plants,the mitochondrial transcription termination factors(mTERF)are essential functions in regulation,and organelles(mitochondria and chloroplasts)control gene expression(OGE)under several stress *** on the in-silico-wide genome and transcriptome analysis,twenty-four mTERF genes were detected in the main targeted mitochondria organelles clustered into three different main *** chromosomal location and gene duplication analysis indicated one segmental and one tandem duplication in the *** promoter region cis-elements assessment showed that there wasa high correlation between the growth and development process,stress,and hormone responses of these *** profiling of mTERF genes under salt stress revealed a total number of 24 gene families with seven upregulated and 6 down-regulated genes in drought and salt ***,Ah-mTERF-8 and 14 indicated up-regulation under drought ***-mTERF-4,6,14,15,17,and 20 were up-regulated under salt *** characterization and identification through the in-silico study of the specific genes and their differential expression profiling demonstrated the role of mTERF proteins throughout their reaction to growth and development,during stress in *** results demonstrated that mTERF genes were significantly related to the abiotic stress responses.

关键词： Genus Amaranthus mTERF protein mitochondria RNA-seq transcription salt and drought stress

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Production of autotetraploid plants by in vitro chromosome engineering in Allium hirtifolium

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2023年第5期9卷 986-998页

作者： Nasrin Farhadi Jaber Panahandeh Alireza Motallebi-Azar Sam Mokhtarzadeh department of Horticultural Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of TabrizTabriz 51666-14766Iran Field crops department Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of DuzceDuzce 81620Turkey

Persian shallot has been propagated vegetatively through daughter bulbs and has a narrow genetic *** the present study,to create genetic diversity in terms of ploidy level,the effects of in vitro polyploidization were investigated on morphological,physiological and phytochemical *** colchicine treatments(0,0.3%,0.5% and 0.7% concentrations)for 24,36 and 48 h and oryzalin treatments(0,0.001%,0.002% and 0.004% concentrations)for 4,6 and 8 h were used.A sterile basal plate of bulbs was used for the induction of polyploidy in liquid and solid *** obtaining plantlets,root tip chromosomes were counted for the determination of ploidy *** cytometry was performed to confirm the chromosome counting *** regenerated diploid and tetraploid plantlets were transferred to ex vitro *** and oryzalin were both successful in inducing polyploids and the polyploids induced were tetraploids and *** highest induction of polyploidy was obtained in solid media using 0.5%(w/v)colchicine for 36 h(35.0% polyploidy induction)and in 0.001%(w/v)Oryzalin for 8 h(45.5% polyploidy induction).Differences in plantlet height and weight,bulblet weight,density,stomatal width and length,and chlorophyll content were observed between tetraploid and diploid *** duplication,as a result of tetraploid induction,significantly influenced the antioxidant content and enzyme *** results showed that total phenolic content,allicin,and antioxidant capacity were significantly higher in the tetraploid plantlets than that in the diploid *** loci polymorphisms indicated that the 12 autotetraploid plants(with high allicin content)had different genotypes from the parental diploid ***,in vitro polyploidy induction not only duplicated chromosomes but also altered the DNA sequence in Allium *** vitro induction of tetraploids in *** can be a reliable way to obtain suitable plant material for bre

关键词： Persian shallot Allium hirtifolium Polyploidy Colchicine Oryzalin Molecular marker

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Effects of Different Geographical Aspects and Ontogenetic Variability on Total Hypericin Content of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. and Hypericum scabrum L.

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2020年第4期89卷 1091-1099页

作者： Emine Aslan Dogan Arslan Field crops department Faculty of AgricultureSiirt UniversitySiirt56000Turkey

The present study was conducted to determine the total hypericin contents of Hypericum triquetrifolium *** Hypericum scabrum *** which are naturally distributed in the flora of Siirt province,*** contents of Hypericum species grown in different geographical aspects(North,South,East,and West),and it was measured at different harvest times(full bloom-ing and post blooming period).In the current study,it has been determined that total hypericin content varies considerably according to aspects,plant developmental stages(ontogenetic variance),and *** to species x aspect interaction,the highest total hypericin content was recorded from the west aspect(3.13 mg/g)in Hypericum triquetrifolium,while,the lowest hypericin content was also obtained from the west aspect(1.22 mg/g)in Hypericum *** the highest total hypericin content was analyzed according to aspect x species x harvest time interaction,the highest total hypericin content was produced from Hypericum triquetrifolium at the harvest of west aspect with 5.28 mg/g,while the minimum amount of hypericin was obtained from the same aspect in Hypericum scabrum with 0.50 mg/*** species x harvest time interaction,the highest total hypericin content was obtained from the full bloom(3.10 mg/g)harvest in Hypericum triquetrifolium,while the lowest hypericin was obtained from the full bloom(1.26 mg/g)harvest in Hypericum *** data suggest that the aver-age total hypericin content was 2.26 mg/g in Hypericum triquetrifolium and 1.28 mg/g in Hypericum scabrum.

关键词： Hypericum triquetrifolium Hypericum scabrum aspect hypericin

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Biochemical changes in grape rootstocks resulted from humic acid treatments in relation to nematode infection

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第4期2卷 287-293页

作者： Hosny H Kesba Hossam S El-Beltagi Zoology and Agricultural Nematology department Faculty of AgricultureCairo University Biochemistry department Faculty of AgricultureCairo University

Objective:To investigate the effect of humic acid on nematode infected,resistant and susceptible grapes in relation to lipid peroxidation and antioxidant mechanisms on selected biochemical parameters known as proactive ***:The grape rootstocks,superior,superior/ freedom and freedom were reacted differently to Meloidogyne incognita and Rotylenchulus reniformis according to rootstock *** weeks after inoculation,two commercial products of humic acid were applied at the rate of(2,4 mL or grams/plant) as soil *** 4 months,nematode soil populations were extracted and counted.A subsample of roots from each plant was stained and gall numbers,embedded stages per root were calculated,final population, nematode build up(Pf/Pi),average of eggs/eggmass were *** of fresh root of each treatment were chemically ***:Freedom reduced significantly the nematode criteria and build *** acid granules appeared to be more suppressive to nematode build up on superior and the higher dose on superior/freedom than liquid *** freedom,all treatments reduced significantly the nematode build up regardless to the material *** higher dose was more effective than the lower *** a result of humic acid applications,the malondialdehyde(MDA) and H_2O_2 contents were significandy reduced after humic acid treatments while the antioxidant compounds glutathione(GSH),ascorbic acid(ASA) and total phenol contents were significandy increased when compared with *** defense enzymes ascorbate peroxidase(AFX),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT) and polyphenol oxidase(PPO) showed significant increase in their specific activities in treated plants compared with nematode treated ***:Humic acid treatments improve we yield of grape by increasing the contents of antioxidant compounds and the specific activities of antioxidant enzymes.

关键词： Meloidogyne incognita Rotylenchulus reniformis Grape Humic acid Oxidative stress Antioxidant enzymes Lipid peroxidation Nematode Grape rootstocks Antioxidant compounds Biochemical parameters Proactive substance MDA SOD

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Control of Tetranychus urticae Koch by extracts of three essential oils of chamomile,marjoram and Eucalyptus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第1期2卷 24-30页

作者： Abd El-Moneim MR Afify Fatma S Ali Turky AF department of Biochemistry Faculty of AgricultureCairo University Departmetn of Zoology and Nematology Faculty of AgricultureCairo University

Objective:To evaluate the acaricidal activity of extracts of three essential oils of chamomile,marjoram and Eucalyptwi against Tetranychus urtiaie(***.)***:Extracts of three essential oils of chamomile,marjoram and Eucalyptus with different concentrations(0.5%,1.0%,2.0%,3.0%and 4.0%)were used to control *** ***:The results showed that chamomile(Chamomilla recutita)represented the most potent efficient acaricidal agent against Tetranychus followed by marjoram(Marjorana hortensis)and *** LC_(50)values of chamomile,marjoram and Eucalyptus for adults were 0.65,1.84 and 2.18,respectively and for eggs 1.17,6.26 and 7.33,*** of enzymes including glutathione-Stxansferase,esterase(α-esterase andβ-esterase)and alkaline phosphatase in susceptible mites were determined and activities of enzymes involved in the resistance of acaricides were *** enzyme was significantly decreased at LC_(50)of both chamomile and marjoram compared with positive *** chromatography-mass spectrometer(CC-MS)proved that the major compositions of Chamomilla recutita areα-bisabolol oxide A(35.251%),and trans-3-farersene(7.758%),while the main components of Marjorana hortensis are terpincne-4-ol(23.860%),p-cymene(23.404%)and sabinene(10.904%).Conclusions:It can be concluded that extracts of three essential oils of chamomile,marjoram and Eucalyptus possess acaricidal activity against ***.

关键词： Tetranychidae Plant essential oils Enzymes Glutathione-S-transferase Non specific esterase Alkaline phosphatase Protease Chamomile Marjoram Eucalyptus

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