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Examining the Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Determinants of Land urbanization in Prefecture-level Cities,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第1期34卷 19-33页

作者： YANG Zhen ZHU Huxiao ZHANG Xinlin OU Xiangjun School of Geography Geomatics and Planning&Urban-rural Integration Development Research InstituteJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou221116China

Examining the spatiotemporal dynamics and determinants of land urbanization is critical for promoting healthy urban development and the rational use of land resources.Based on the dataset consisting of land use change data and selected factors in 2010 and2020,this study used visual analysis to reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics of land urbanization across prefecture-level cities in China.Meanwhile,the driving forces underlying land urbanization were examined by using geographical detector technique.Following are the findings:1)we find that there exist notable spatial variances in land urbanization across prefecture-level cities.Currently,the differentiation in land urbanization between the northern and southern cities is more pronounced than that between the coastal and inland cities,or between the eastern and western cities.Prefecture-level cities located in central and western China have experienced the most rapid growth in land urbanization.Conversely,the growth rate in northeastern China is the lowest,while the velocity in eastern China remains relatively stable.By using spatial autocorrelation analysis,this study reveals that the land urbanization level in prefecture-level cities has significant spatial agglomeration.2)We further find that land urbanization in China is influenced by factors related to urban land supply and demand,and urban population growth,economic growth,land financial and political incentive have greater impact on land urbanization than other factors.3)We also find that the impacts of determinants on China’s land urbanization vary over time,the explanatory power of economic development increased,while the explanatory power of state forces declined.We argue that integrating the supply and demand factors of land urbanization can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the driving mechanisms underlying land urbanization in China and other transitional countries,and help decision-makers in these countries formulate more detailed and specific land urbanization policies.

关键词： land urbanization spatial pattern influencing factor geographical detector China

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Associative cultural landscape approach to interpreting traditional ecological wisdom:A case of Inuit habitat

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 79-96页

作者： Peng Zhang Shuai Li department of Landscape Architecture College of Architecture and Urban PlanningTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Global climate change and the accelerated melting of glaciers have raised concerns about the ability to manage ice-snow environments.Historically,human ancestors have mastered the ecological wisdom of working with ice-snow environments,but the phenomenon has not yet been articulated in cultural landscape methodologies that emphasize“nature-culture relevance”.The challenging living environment often compels indigenous people to form a strong bond with their surroundings,leading to the creation of long-term ecological wisdom through synergistic relationships with the environment.This ecological environment is conceptualized as a cognitive space in the form of the landscape,with which the aboriginal community norms and individual spirits continually interact.Such interactions generate numerous non-material cultural evidences,such as culture,art,religion,and other ideological aspects of the nation.These evidences symbolize the intellectual outcome of the relationship between humans and the landscape,and they create the“spiritual relevance”through personification and contextualization.The aim of the study is to explore the traditional ecological wisdom of the Inuit people who live in the harsh Arctic,and analyze the Inuit’s interaction with the landscape through the lens of“associative cultural landscape”,and decode the survival experience that the Inuit have accumulated through their long-term synergy with the Arctic environment.The findings focus on the synergy between the Inuit and the ice-snow landscape,examining the knowledge and ecological wisdom that the Inuit acquire from the ice-snow landscape.Our goal is to develop a perspective of the ecological environment from the viewpoint of aboriginal people and establish a methodology,model,and framework for“associative cultural landscape”that incorporates ethnic non-material cultural evidences.From the results,a total of nine models for interpreting traditional Inuit ecological wisdom are generated based on the“diamond model”of“associative cultural landscape”,coverin

关键词： Landscape architecture Associative cultural landscape Nature-culture relevance Cultural landscape Traditional ecological wisdom Non-material cultural evidence Methodology Habitat Living environment Ice-snow landscape

Complexed amino acid minerals vs. bis-glycinate chelated minerals:Impact on the performance of old laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 395-408页

作者： Marcos J.B.Santos Maria C.M.M.Ludke Leandro M.Silva Carlos B.V.Rabello Mércia R.Barros Fabiano S.Costa Clariana S.Santos Jamille S.S.Wanderley department of Animal Science Rural Federal University of Pernambuco department of Veterinary Science Rural Federal University of Pernambuco

The present study was to evaluate the effect of trace minerals(Zn, Mn, and Cu) from complexed amino acid minerals(ZMCAA) and bis-glycinate chelated minerals(ZMCGly) in laying hen diets on performance,internal and external egg quality, yolk mineral deposition, intestinal morphometry, and bone characteristics. From 78 to 98 weeks of age, 400 White LSL-Lite strain laying hens were distributed in a randomized design with 4 treatments with 10 replicates per treatment. Treatments were distributed in a 2 ×2 factorial arrangement using either Zn, Mn, and Cu of ZMCAA or ZMCGly source at 2 levels: low(20, 20,and 3.5 mg/kg of Zn, Mn, and Cu, respectively) or high(40, 40, and 7 mg/kg of Zn, Mn, and Cu,respectively). The analysis of variance was performed, and in cases where differences were observed, the means were compared using Tukey?s test(P < 0.05). The source and level of trace mineral supplementation had a significant impact on the performance of laying hens. Hens fed ZMCAA had higher egg production(P = 0.01), egg weight(P = 0.02), egg mass(P = 0.01), and lower feed conversion ratio(P =0.05) compared to those fed ZMCGly. The ZMCAA supplementation showed higher albumen height(P =0.01), albumen weight(P = 0.01), and eggshell thickness(P < 0.01). The deposition of Zn(P < 0.01), Mn(P< 0.01), and Cu(P < 0.01) in the egg yolk was greater for hens received ZMCAA. Tibia weight(P = 0.04)and bone densitometry(P < 0.01) in the tibia were higher with ZMCAA supplementation. In the small intestine, ZMCAA resulted in longer villi(P = 0.02) and shorter crypt depth(P = 0.01) in the duodenum.Jejunum and ileum measurements were influenced by the level and source of trace minerals(P < 0.05).Laying hens fed ZMCAA exhibited superior performance, egg quality, deposition of trace minerals in the egg yolk, and bone density compared to hens fed ZMCGly. In this study, older laying hens supplemented with ZMCAA at lower levels demonstrated adequate levels of supplementation.

关键词： Bis-glycinates Metal-amino acids Radiodensity Trace minerals

Assessing Multidimensional Vulnerability of rural Areas to Flooding:An Index‑Based Approach

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 88-106页

作者： Samavia Rasool Irfan Ahmad Rana Hassam Bin Waseem department of urban and Regional planning School of Civil and Environmental Engineering(SCEE)National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Islamabad 44000Pakistan

Vulnerability assessment is essential for understanding and launching effective flood risk reduction strategies.This study aimed to examine the vulnerability of flood-prone rural communities in southern Punjab,Pakistan to external shocks.The concept of vulnerability encompasses a range of dimensions,including physical,social,institutional,environmental,economic,and attitudinal.Using a composite index method,indices were developed for each dimension and combined to create a multidimensional measure of vulnerability.A sample of 365 communities was selected using the Yamane sampling technique,and data were collected through a questionnaire containing 65 indicators across all dimensions.Descriptive statistics and ANOVA tests were used to analyze the data.The results show that communities near the Chenab River had higher attitudinal and institutional vulnerability compared to other communities.High attitudinal vulnerabilities were as sociated with poorly perceived flood risks and low preparedness measures,whereas institutional vulnerabilities were driven by conventional flood protection strategies,lack of institutional trust,and lack of flood risk awareness.This research provides insights into the various components of vulnerability in flood-prone rural communities in Pakistan and demonstrates a useful methodology that can be applied to other disasters at different spatial scales.

关键词： Chenab River Flood hazard Indus River Pakistan-rural areas:Vulnerability to flooding

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Ordinary urban Heritage of Rattanakosin: Ordinary restaurants and everyday foods of the historic center of Bangkok

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第2期13卷 335-348页

作者： Prin Jhearmaneechotechai Design for Creative Economy Research Unit Department of Urban and Regional PlanningFaculty of ArchitectureChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand

This paper discussed the selection criteria for Ordinary urban Heritage (OUH) in Rattanakosin, the historic center of Bangkok through the case of ordinary restaurants and everyday foods. The OUH stands for an alternative approach to heritage understanding and conservation, derived from the notion of ordinary heritage, vernacular heritage, and urban heritage emphasizing the heritages of the everydayness of ordinary people. The OUHs have co-existed and inherited through the evolution of the city but are overlooked by the official conservation process. Ordinary restaurants and everyday foods were selected by 5 criteria, 1) appeared for more than 50 years;2) created, developed, and used by ordinary people;3) found as the clusters;4) able to be adapted to the urban context;5) exist until the present day.The methodology applied to the analysis of the historical documents and Bangkok maps from 1887 to 1974, and the selection criteria developed from past research in another old commercial district of Bangkok were also reinvestigated with observational surveys. Ordinary restaurants and everyday foods are the outcomes representing the heritage of everyday life of ordinary people that are ubiquitously related to commercial activities.

关键词： Ordinary restaurants Everyday foods Rattanakosin Selection criteria Ordinary urban Heritage

Theoretical Analysis of Cooperative Driving at Idealized Unsignalized Intersections

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 257-270页

作者： Shen Li Jiawei Zhang Zhenwu Chen Li Li department of Civil Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen urban Transport planning Center Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518000China

Cooperative driving is widely viewed as a promising method to better utilize limited road resources and alleviate traffic congestion.In recent years,several cooperative driving approaches for idealized traffic scenarios(i.e.,uniform vehicle arrivals,lengths,and speeds)have been proposed.However,theoretical analyses and comparisons of these approaches are lacking.In this study,we propose a unified group-by-group zipper-style movement model to describe different approaches synthetically and evaluate their performance.We derive the maximum throughput for cooperative driving plans of idealized unsignalized intersections and discuss how to minimize the delay of vehicles.The obtained conclusions shed light on future cooperative driving studies.

关键词： cooperative driving connected and automated vehicles unsignalized intersection

The effects of cool materials,façade orientation,and morphological parameters on energy consumption at the residential neighborhood scale

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Building Simulation 2024年第4期17卷 525-542页

作者： Fusuo Xu Dongdong Tian Zhi Gao Jianshun Jensen Zhang department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13210USA School of Architecture and urban planning Nanjing University22 Hankou RoadNanjingJiangsu Province210093China

Building surface cool materials are novel materials that can reduce urban heat island intensity and decrease building energy consumption.This study investigated the impact of radiative properties of materials,façade orientation,and morphological parameters on energy consumption in six typical residential neighborhoods in Nanjing,China.The neighborhood energy consumption of 16 application schemes considering the façade orientation factor is compared to determine the best energy-saving scheme.Seasonal and annual energy-saving rates,savings in electricity costs,and the price ceiling for materials per unit area are analyzed.The results show that for low-rise buildings,using cool materials only on the roof can reduce the annual energy consumption by 1%.When cool or super cool materials are also used on the building façade,the annual energy saving rate can be up to 3.4%and 4.3%,respectively.Using cool materials on the south façade of buildings is not recommended due to significant heat loss in winter.Considering savings in electricity costs and the price ceiling for materials per unit area,the price of cool and super cool materials should be less than 3.0 and 3.7 RMB/m2,respectively,assuming a lifespan of eight years in Nanjing.

关键词： cool materials building energy saving neighborhood morphology façade orientation

Problem identification and revitalization strategies for the recovery and reconstruction of traditional villages in the Ms 6.8 Luding Earthquake

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 361-379页

作者： HUANG Chao QIU Jian LIU Chun JIANG Rui ZHAO Chuanrong ZHANG Yi School of Architecture and Research Center of Space planning and Engineering Design Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China Sichuan Provincial rural Construction and Development Center Chengdu 610041China Sichuan Institute of urban and rural Construction Chengdu 610043China China Association for Promoting Democracy(CAPD)Sichuan Provincial Committee Chengdu 610016China Sichuan Provincial Architectural Design and Research Institute(SADI) Chengdu 610095China

Post-disaster reconstruction is a topic of global concern,and traditional villages have special heritage attributes and need to face more requirements and obstacles in post-disaster reconstruction.This paper summarizes four concepts based on the research on post-disaster reconstruction both domestically and internationally,as well as the recovery and reconstruction of cultural heritage.Through a field survey of traditional villages in the Ms 6.8 Luding earthquake-stricken area,it is found that there are problems such as insufficient awareness of heritage value,misalignment of scientific reconstruction technology,and insufficient protection of reconstruction elements during the reconstruction process.Traditional villages face the risk of declining or even loss of heritage value.In order to effectively protect traditional villages and inherit the carrier of regional culture,four targeted reconstruction response strategies are proposed,i.e.,to"establish special planning for traditional village preservation","emphasize recovery of the authenticity of village heritage","ensure elements for village heritage recovery"and"promote the activation and utilization of village heritage",based on the problems discovered during the survey and the four concepts summarized in the research on post-disaster reconstruction of traditional villages.The research results hope to provide useful reference for ancient cultural areas affected by earthquakes on how to protect cultural heritage during the post-disaster reconstruction process.

关键词： Seismic hazard Decision making Traditional village Cultural heritage protection Post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction Revitalization strategy

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A data-driven method for feature assessment of historical settlements: A case study of Northeast Hubei, China

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第2期13卷 387-405页

作者： Gangyi Tan Zhanxiang Chen Jiangkun Zhu Kai Wang School of Architecture&urban planning Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center of urbanization Wuhan 430074China Hubei rural Construction Center Wuhan 430074China HUST Built Heritage Research Center Wuhan 430074China

Formulating criteria for the assessment system of historic settlements is challenging due to complex geographical conditions and evaluator knowledge limitations, leading to subjective bias in the assessment process. To address this issue, this study proposes a data-driven method for assessing the features of historical settlements to carry out scientific and refined assessment and result analysis. Focusing on Northeast Hubei as the study area, this paper selects 3 historical settlements for validation and analysis. The results of the study show that (1) the data-driven method expands the methodological chain of assessing historical settlement features, and improves the assessment efficiency and scientificity of the assessment results by applying it to the new assessment process;(2) Through comparing the assessment results of the validation cases and data samples, the study establishes a comprehensive quantitative ranking of the assessment of historical settlement features and identifies the main influencing factors, thus enhancing the precision of result analysis;(3) By comparing the resulting assessment framework with the current assessment system, this study confirms the advantages of the proposed framework in identifying nuanced features and aligning with geographical conditions, thereby verifying the effectiveness of the data-driven method.

关键词： Historical settlement Feature assessment Data-driven method Northeast Hubei