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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2025年第1期35卷 112-138页

作者： CHEN Junxu WANG Yuan ZHAO Zhifang FAN Yunjiang LUO Xiaochuan YI Lu FENG Siqi YANG Liang Emlyn Yunnan Key Laboratory of soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development Yunnan University International Joint Research Center for Karstology Yunnan University School of Engineering Westlake University department of geography Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU)

Due to water conflicts and allocation in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin(LMRB), the spatio-temporal differentiation of total water resources and the natural-human influence need to be clarified. This work investigated LMRB's terrestrial water storage anomaly(TWSA) and its spatio-temporal dynamics during 2002–2020. Considering the effects of natural factors and human activities, the respective contributions of climate variability and human activities to terrestrial water storage change(TWSC) were separated. Results showed that:(1) LMRB's TWSA decreased by 0.3158 cm/a.(2) TWSA showed a gradual increase in distribution from southwest of MRB to middle LMRB and from northeast of LRB to middle LMRB. TWSA positively changed in Myanmar while slightly changed in Laos and China. It negatively changed in Vietnam, Thailand and Cambodia.(3) TWSA components decreased in a descending order of soil moisture, groundwater and precipitation.(4) Natural factors had a substantial and spatial differentiated influence on TWSA over the LMRB.(5) Climate variability contributed 79% of TWSC in the LMRB while human activities contributed 21% with an increasing impact after 2008. The TWSC of upstream basin countries was found to be controlled by climate variability while Vietnam and Cambodia's TWSC has been controlled by human activities since 2012.

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Wetland and habitat dynamics in the evolving landscape of the Middle Yangtze River Basin

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2025年第1期35卷 88-111页

作者： YANG Peng SUN Kaiya ZHU Yanchao XIA Jun HUANG Heqing SONG Jingxia SHI Xiaorui LU Xixi Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of Geosciences department of geography National University of Singapore State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University

Wetlands play a critical role in the global environment. The Middle Yangtze River Basin(MYRB), known for its abundant wetland resources, has experienced notable changes resulting from the complex interplay of environmental factors. Therefore, we investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of wetland ecological quality in the MYRB from 2001 to *** the random forest(RF) regression algorithm and patch-generated land-use simulation(PLUS) model, we forecasted variations in wetland habitat quality and their determinants under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway-Representative Concentration Pathway(SSPRCP) framework from 2035 to 2095. The main findings are as follows:(1) The RF algorithm was optimal for land-use and land-cover(LULC) classification in the MYRB from 2001 to 2020,when notable changes were observed in water bodies and buildings. However, the forested area exhibited an increase and decrease of 3.9% and 1.2% under the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, respectively, whereas farmland exhibited a diminishing trend.(2) Wetlands were primarily concentrated in the central and eastern MYRB, with counties in the southwest exhibiting superior ecological-environmental quality from 2001 to 2020. Notably,wetland coverage revealed significantly high level, significant changes, frequent but relatively minor changes under the SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP 5-8.5 scenarios, respectively.(3)Regions with lower habitat quality were primarily concentrated in urbanized areas characterized by frequent human activities, indicating a clear degradation in habitat quality across different scenarios. In conclusion, we established a foundational framework for future investigations into the eco-hydrological processes and ecosystem quality of watersheds.

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Urban Park soil and Vegetation: Effects of Natural and Anthropogenic Factors

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Pedosphere 2015年第3期25卷 392-404页

作者： Pariente SARAH Helena Michaela ZHEVELEV Atar OZ Laboratory of Geomorphology and soil Department of Geography and EnvironmentBar-Ilan University

Various soil surface components, such as trees, shrubs and biological crusts, and human recreational activities, e.g., barbecues and trampling by visitors, may divide the area of the urban park into smaller fragments/mieroenvironments, differentiated by their microenvironmental conditions, which may differ in soil and vegetation characteristics. The spatial changes in the soil and vegetation characteristics and their causes were investigated in an urban park located south of Tel Aviv-Jaffa, Israel. The area of the park is 0.5 km^2, including groves, a lake, lawns, and rest areas. soil was sampled in nine microenvironments, of which seven were within the park： under Ceratonia siliqua trees （CsU）, under Ficus sycomorus trees （FLU）, rest area between tables under F. sycomorus （FIB）, rest area under tables under F. sycomorus （FIT）, open area with bare soil （OaS）, open area with biological crust cover （OaC）, and open area covered by herbaceous vegetation （OaV）. Two more microenvironments, planar and sloping open areas （CoP and CoS, respectively） in the vicinity of the park, were used as the controls. Electrical conductivity, concentrations of soluble ions （Mg^2＋, Ca^2＋, Na^＋, K^＋ and HCO3）, pH, contents of organic carbon, calcium carbonate and moisture, and grain size distribution were determined. In addition, herbaceous vegetation cover, number and diversity of herbaceous vegetation species were measured. It was found that soil properties and herbaceous vegetation characteristics varied within the park. soil organic carbon, electrical conductivity, soluble salts, penetration depth, and vegetation characteristics were affected by human activities, mainly in the rest area between the tables. In contrast, the above characteristics were affected by natural factors mainly in the rest of the microenvironments, which were subjected to low levels of anthropogenic intervention. The heterogeneous structure of the park, as represented by the various microenvironments, offered new

关键词： anthropogenic activity herbaceous vegetation microenvironment soil properties species diversity

Distribution, Morphology, and Chemical Composition of Fe-Mn Nodules in Albeluvisols of the Carpathian Foothills, Poland

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Pedosphere 2013年第4期23卷 445-454页

作者： W.SZYMANSKI M.SKIBA department of Pedology and soil geography Institute of Geography and Spatial Management Jagiellonian University department of Mineralogy Petrology and Geochemistry Institute of Geological Sciences Jagiellonian University

Iron and manganese oxides are common components of soils. They frequently occur in nodules constituting important soil sorbents and play a crucial role in a number of chemical reactions in the soil environment. In addition, the oxides are very sensitive to environmental changes (moisture, pH, Eh) constituting important indicators of soil-forming processes and water movement in the landscape. The objectives of the study were: i) to examine the distribution and size of Fe-Mn nodules in Albeluvisols containing a fragipan horizon; ii) to determine the morphology and chemical composition of the nodules, and iii) to estimate the effect of the fragipan horizon on water movement within the soil profile. An investigation was carried out on five soil profiles containing a fragipan horizon and classified as Fragic Albeluvisols within the Carpathian Foothills in Poland. In the Albeluvisols studied, the maximum concentration of Fe-Mn nodules occurred in the horizon lying directly on the fragipan horizon. This suggests that the pan acts as a natural barrier restricting water infiltration and leads to the seasonal development of a perched water table promoting redox processes. The most common are coarse (1-0.5 mm) and medium (0.5-0.25 mm) irregular Fe-Mn nodules showing a gradual boundary and undifferentiated internal fabric. Eluvial horizons contained also larger amounts of round and dense nodules with a sharp boundary, suggesting frequent oxidation and reduction. The fragipan horizon contained mainly irregular and soft nodules, suggesting longer saturation with water during the year. Concentrations of trace elements (Cu, Zn) and P were higher within Fe-Mn nodules than in the surrounding soil materials, showing that iron and manganese oxides adsorbed and immobilised these elements.

关键词： fragipan horizon iron oxides manganese oxides perched water table redox processes

Contribution of fungal biomass to persistent soil carbon across natural ecosystems

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年

作者： Xiang WANG Guang-Hui YU Yakov KUZYAKOV Bo-Hao YIN Andreas KAPPLER Cong-Qiang LIU Bohai Coastal Critical Zone National Observation and Research Station Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System Science Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim Tianjin University department of soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil Science University of G?ttingen Agro-Technological Institute Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) Geomicrobiology Center for Applied Geosciences University of Tübingen Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection University of Tübingen

Fungi are known to be crucial in the formation and stabilization of soil organic matter through their exudates and dead residues (necromass). Yet, it remains unclear how fungi contribute to the persistence of carbon in soils over millennial scales across biomes. Here, this study fills the knowledge gap by linking fungal carbon stocks with minerals-associated carbon stocks across major biomes. A strong correlation between fungal biomass and reactive mineral-associated carbon stocks in soils across six biomes supports the substantial role of fungi in soil carbon persistence at the global level. High spatial resolution nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that fungi may stabilize carbon by forming organo-mineral associations through their close physical connection to reactive minerals and weathered nanoparticles. We propose a conceptual model that emphasizes the dualistic role of hypha-mineral interactions:(i) fungi accelerate organic matter decomposition by producing reactive oxygen species on the hypha-mineral interfaces, and (ii) fungi stabilize their residues on mineral surfaces, leading to millennial scale persistence of soil C. Concluding, fungi play a fundamental role in ecosystems that extends beyond the decomposition of persistent carbon. They are crucial in stabilizing carbon on mineral surfaces, thereby facilitating the long-term removal of carbon from rapid biotic cycling.

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Analysis of Spatial Autocorrelation Patterns of Heavy and Super-Heavy Rainfall in Iran

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第9期34卷 1069-1081页

作者： Iman ROUSTA Mehdi DOOSTKAMIAN Esmaeil HAGHIGHI Hamid Reza GHAFARIAN MALAMIRI Parvane YARAHMADI department of geography Yazd University department of geography Zanjan University department of geography Tabriz University department of geography Khwarizmi University

Rainfall is a highly variable climatic element, and rainfall-related changes occur in spatial and temporal dimensions within a regional climate. The purpose of this study is to investigate the spatial autocorrelation changes of Iran＇s heavy and super-heavy rainfall over the past 40 years. For this purpose, the daily rainfall data of 664 meteorological stations between 1971 and 2011 are used. To analyze the changes in rainfall within a decade, geostatistical techniques like spatial autocorrelation analysis of hot spots, based on the Getis-Ord Gi statistic, are employed. Furthermore, programming features in MATLAB, Surfer, and GIS are used. The results indicate that the Caspian coast, the northwest and west of the western foothills of the Zagros Mountains of Iran, the inner regions of Iran, and southern parts of Southeast and Northeast Iran, have the highest likelihood of heavy and super-heavy rainfall. The spatial pattern of heavy rainfall shows that, despite its oscillation in different periods, the maximum positive spatial autocorrelation pattern of heavy rainfall includes areas of the west, northwest and west coast of the Caspian Sea. On the other hand, a negative spatial autocorrelation pattern of heavy rainfall is observed in central Iran and parts of the east, particularly in Zabul. Finally, it is found that patterns of super-heavy rainfall are similar to those of heavy rainfall.

关键词： Iran heavy rainfall super-heavy rainfall spatial autocorrelation Gi index

soil polygon disaggregation through similarity-based prediction with legacy pedons

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第5期8卷 760-772页

作者： LIU Feng GENG Xiaoyuan ZHU A-xing Walter FRASER SONG Xiaodong ZHANG Ganlin State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Science and Technology Branch Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada School of geography Nanjing Normal University department of geography University of Wisconsin-Madison

Conventional soil maps generally contain one or more soil types within a single soil *** their geographic locations within the polygon are not *** restricts current applications of the maps in site-specific agricultural management and environmental *** examined the utility of legacy pedon data for disaggregating soil polygons and the effectiveness of similarity-based prediction for making use of the under-or over-sampled legacy pedon data for the *** method consisted of three ***,environmental similarities between the pedon sites and each location were computed based on soil formative environmental ***,according to soil types of the pedon sites,the similarities were aggregated to derive similarity distribution for each soil ***,a hardening process was performed on the maps to allocate candidate soil types within the *** study was conducted at the soil subgroup level in a semi-arid area situated in Manitoba,*** on 186 independent pedon sites,the evaluation of the disaggregated map of soil subgroups showed an overall accuracy of 67% and a Kappa statistic of *** map represented a better spatial pattern of soil subgroups in both detail and accuracy compared to a dominant soil subgroup map,which was commonly used in *** predictions mainly occurred in the agricultural plain area and the soil subgroups that are very similar in taxonomy,indicating that new environmental covariates need to be *** concluded that the combination of legacy pedon data with similarity-based prediction is an effective solution for soil polygon disaggregation.

关键词： legacy pedon data similarity-based prediction spatial disaggregation conventional soil maps

Contrasted Impact of Land Abandonment on soil Erosion in Mediterranean Agriculture Fields

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Pedosphere 2018年第4期28卷 617-631页

作者： Jesus RODRIGO-COMINO Carlos MARTINEZ-HERNANDEZ Thomas ISERLOH Artemi CERDA Instituto de Geomorfología y Suelos Department of Geography University of Málaga Mdlaga 29071 (Spain) department of Physical geography Trier University Trier 54286 (Germany) department of geography University of Murcia Murcia 30001 (Spain) soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group Department of Geography University of Valencia Valencia 46010 (Spain)

Abandonment of agricultural land results in on- and off-site consequences for the ecosystem. In this study, 105 rainfall simulations were carried out in agriculture lands of the Mediterranean belt in Spain （vineyards in Malaga, almond orchards in Murcia, and orange and olive orchards in Valencia） and in paired abandoned lands to assess the impact of land abandonment on soil and water losses. After abandonment, soil detachment decreased drastically in the olive and orange orchards, while vineyards did not show any difference and almond orchards registered higher erosion rates after the abandonment. Terraced orchards of oranges and olives recovered a dense vegetation cover after the abandonment, while the sloping terrain of almond orchards and vineyards enhanced the development of crusts and rills and a negligible vegetation cover resulted in high erosion rates. The contrasted responses to land abandonment in Mediterranean agricultural lands suggest that land abandonment should be programmed and managed with soil erosion control strategies for some years to avoid land degradation.

关键词： erosion rate Mediterranean crop rainfall simulation terrace vegetation cover

Water Repellency in Calcareous soils Under Different Land Uses in Western Iran

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Pedosphere 2014年第3期24卷 378-390页

作者： P.AELAMANESH M.R.MOSADDEGHI A.A.MAHBOUBI B.AHRENS A.A.SAFARI SINEGANI department of soil Science College of Agriculture Bu-Ali Sina University department of soil Science College of Agriculture Isfahan University of Technology School of Engineering University of Guelph department of geography University of Guelph

soil wettability and water repellency, two important soil physical properties, play an important role in water retention and water conductivity in arid and semi-arid regions. To date, there is a lack of information on soil water repellency in calcareous soils of western lran. In this study, soil water repellency and its affecting factors were studied using 20 soil series collected from Hamadan Province~ western Iran. The effects of soil properties including organic carbon content （SOC）, total nitrogen （TN）, C：N ratio, texture, CaCO3 content, and both fungal and bacterial activities on water repellency were investigated using air-dried, oven-dried and heated soil samples. Water repellency index （WRI） was determined using the short-time sorptivity （water/ethanol） method. To distinguish the actual effects of SOC, a set of soil samples were heated at 300 ~C to remove SOC and then WRI was measured on the heated samples. Relative water repellency index （RWRI） was defined as the change of WRI due to heating relative to the oven-dry WRI value. Results of the WRI values showed that the soils were sub-critically water-repellent. Pasture soils had higher WRI values compared to tilled soils, resulting from high SOC and TN, and high activities of bacteria and fungi. It was observed that SOC, TN, fungal activity, and SOC：clay ratio had significant positive impacts on WRI. Strong positive correlations of RWRI with SOC, TN and fungal activity were also observed. Pedotransfer functions derived for predicting WRI showed that the WRI values had an increasing trend with the increases in fungal activity, salinity, alkalinity and fine clay content, but showed a decreasing trend with increasing bacterial activity.

关键词： calcareous soils pedotransfer functions soil sorptivity soil wettability water repellency index

soil Environmental Index For Slovak Agricultural Land

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Pedosphere 2014年第1期24卷 137-144页

作者： J.VILCEK R.BUJNOVSKY department of geography and Regional Development Faculty of Humanities and Natural SciencesUniversity of Presov soil Science and Conservation Research Institute

The soil environmental index(SEI),which is a four digit code system,represents relatively homogenous spatial unit with specific soil capacity to provide ecological or non-production *** work aimed to present information on rating and economic evaluation of SEI,which is a spatial identifier used for expressing heterogeneity of Slovak agricultural soil to support analysis of soil ecological *** this study,SEI index expressed the capacity of soil to accumulate water,immobilise the risk elements and substances and transform risk substances(organic pollutants).Partial evaluations of soil capacity to provide above mentioned functions were used to derive final SEI *** the agricultural soils of Slovakia there were 493 combinations of soil environmental *** index was expressed through rating(point)value and economic *** value of Slovak agricultural land to provide selected ecological soil functions was 55.3 points,which corresponded to 35.946 billionper agricultural land or approximately 1.42per square *** identification of SEI codes and relevant database were developed in vector form via geographical information systems of soil Science and Conservation Research Institute,*** addition to using the national soil database system,a strategy was presented for evaluating and pricing of soil ecological function,and the development of an soil environmental *** and evaluation of vitally important soil functions expressed by SEI can significantly contribute to planning and protection of the soil,and can regulate indiscriminate anthropic interventions in land use decisions.

关键词： ecological soil functions environmental potential soil evaluation