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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 346-358页

作者： Thomas A.Berg Kristina W.Kintziger Julie Suzuki Crumly Scott A.Lawson Carole R.Myers Tracey T.Stansberry College of Nursing University of Tennessee Knoxville department of Environmental Agricultural and Occupational Health University of Nebraska Medical Center public health and healthcare Oak Ridge Associated Universities

Due to a lack of resources, rural communities often face challenges when planning catastrophic events. This project involved applying systems thinking and model-based systems engineering to develop a proof-of-concept, multi-method computer simulation and then determining whether the simulation could be used to assess the efficacy of disaster planning approaches on health outcomes in rural communities, as a function of primary healthcare. The project focus was a rural or non-urban healthcare system experiencing a natural hazard. Both system dynamics and discrete event models were incorporated to represent subsystem operations, crucial disaster responses, as well as three key response systems: public health, emergency management, and healthcare. The subsystem models included several components: policies/procedures, communications,resources, exercises/drills/training, healthcare space and staff, and the flow of affected people into and through the *** combined simulation can serve as a first step to a more comprehensive approach to helping rural communities achieve more efficient and effective healthcare planning for disaster responses.

关键词： Computer simulation Disaster preparedness Model-based systems engineering Rural healthcare System dynamics model Systems thinking

Epidemiological Characteristics of Fracture Among Children Aged 6-17 Years-China,2019-2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第32期6卷 799-803,I0001页

作者： Lu Cui Qian Gan Juan Xu Peipei Xu Titi Yang Wei Cao Hongliang Wang Haoyan Guo Ruihe Luo Jianfen Zhang Hui Pan Wenhua Zhao Zhenyu Yang Yuxiang Yan Qian Zhang department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina National Institute for Nutrition and health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Key Laboratory of public Nutrition and health National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Fractures are a common and serious injury among *** many studies have utilized clinical data,there is a lack of large-scale community-based research in *** is added by this report?This cross-sectional study provides national and regionally representative data on the prevalence of fractures among Chinese children aged 6–17 years(6.93%),with higher rates observed in males than in females(8.13%vs.5.71%)and in rural areas compared to urban areas(7.22%vs.6.62%).The most common site of fracture was the upper limbs(4.24%,accounting for 63.0%of fractures).What are the implications for public health practice?The need to enhance awareness of fracture prevention is critical,particularly for children in rural areas and males in middle *** recommend that local authorities increase investments in educational programs and child safety ***,promoting balanced diets for children,training in proper exercise techniques,and reinforcing participation in outdoor sports are essential.

关键词： prevention utilized children

Lecanemab Unveiled:Exploring Alzheimer’s Treatment Advancements,Assessing Strengths,Limitations,and Its Therapeutic Landscape Position

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Biomedical and Environmental sciences 2024年第4期37卷 428-431页

作者： VICTOR Abiola Adepoju OKECHUKWU Innocent Onyezue SAFAYET Jamil OLALEKAN John Okesanya DON Eliseo Lucero-Prisno Ⅲ department of HIV and Infectious Diseases Jhpiegoan affiliate of John Hopkins UniversityAbujaNigeria department of Prevention and Community Directorate APIN Public Health InitiativesAbujaNigeria department of public health Daffodil International UniversityDhaka-1216Bangladesh department of public health and Maritime Transport University of ThessalyVolosGreece department of Global health and Development London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUnited Kingdom

In the ever-evolving landscape of Alzheimer’s treatment,lecanemab(Leqembi)has emerged as a promising *** conventional therapies that merely alleviate symptoms,lecanemab is a humanized monoclonal antibody with a distinct *** targets protofibrils,insoluble fibrils,amyloid oligomers,and soluble amyloid-beta protofibrils,which are known to be especially damaging to neurons,with high accuracy.

关键词： Alzheimer amyloid Therapeutic

Avian influenza and gut microbiome in poultry and humans:A“One health”perspective

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Fundamental Research 2024年第3期4卷 455-462页

作者： Ling Zhang Erkai Zhou Ce Liu Xiaoyu Tian Baode Xue Kai Zhang Bin Luo Institute of Occupational health and Environmental health School of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansu 730000China department of Environmental health sciences School of Public HealthUniversity at AlbanyState University of New YorkRensselaerNY 12144USA Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and health Shanghai Meteorological BureauShanghai 200030China Shanghai Typhoon Institute China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China

A gradual increase in avian influenza outbreaks has been found in recent *** is highly possible to trigger the next human pandemic due to the characteristics of antigenic drift and antigenic shift in avian influenza virus(AIV).Although great improvements in understanding influenza viruses and the associated diseases have been unraveled,our knowledge of how these viruses impact the gut microbiome of both poultry and humans,as well as the underlying mechanisms,is still ***“One health”approach shows better vitality in monitoring and mitigating the risk of avian influenza,which requires a multi-sectoral effort and highlights the interconnection of human health with environmental sustainability and animal ***,monitoring the gut microbiome may serve as a sentinel for protecting the common health of the environment,animals,and *** review summarizes the interactions between AIV infection and the gut microbiome of poultry and humans and their potential *** the presented suggestions,we hope to address the current major challenges in the surveillance and prevention of microbiome-related avian influenza with the“One health”approach.

关键词： Avian influenza AIV Poultry Gutmicrobiome One health Poultry-Environment-Human Interface

Molybdenum Concentration and the Risk of Spontaneous Preterm Birth: A Nested Case-Control Study — Beijing Municipality, China, 2018–2020

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China CDC weekly 2024年第13期6卷 261-266,I0005,I0006页

作者： Junhua Huang Wei Zheng Aili Wang Weiling Han Junxi Chen Hang An Lailai Yan Zhiwen Li Guanghui Li Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of ObstetricsBeijing Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalCapital Medical University.Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalBeijingChina department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Beijing Luhe HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Institute of Reproductive and Child health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina department of Laboratorial Science and Technology School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?The level of molybdenum(Mo)in a mother’s urine has been linked to the growth rate of the fetus and the blood pressure levels in *** is added by this report?We evaluated the variations in maternal plasma Mo concentrations throughout pregnancy and their potential association with the risk of spontaneous preterm birth(SPB).What are the implications for public health practice?Future research must determine the Mo levels in pregnant women across various regions in ***,particular attention needs to be given to the potential increase in Mo concentration throughout pregnancy and its possible adverse impacts on the health of both the mother and the fetus.

关键词： mother urine pregnancy

Origins of the problematic E in SEIR epidemic models

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 673-679页

作者： Donald S.Burke Distinguished University Professor Emeritus of health Science and Policy Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthUniversity of PittsburghUSA

During the COVID-19 pandemic,over one thousand papers were published on“Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed”(SEIR)epidemic computational *** English word“exposed”in its vernacular and public health usage means a state of having been in contact with an infectious individual,but not necessarily *** contrast,the term“exposed”in SEIR modeling usage typically stands for a state of already being infected but not yet being infectious to others,a state more properly termed“latently infected.”In public health language,“exposed”means possibly infected,yet in SEIR modeling language,“exposed”means already *** paper retraces the conceptual and mathematical origins of this terminological disconnect and concludes that epidemic modelers should consider using the“SLIR”notational short-hand(L for Latent)instead of SEIR.

关键词： SEIR model Exposed Latent infection History Notation

Significance of school greenspaces in preventing childhood myopia

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 11-12页

作者： Bo-Yi Yang department of Occupational and Environmental health School of Public HealthSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China

THE BURDEN OF MYOPIA IN CHINESE CHILDREN Childhood myopia has emerged as a critical and underestimated public health issue globally,particularly in China and east Asian *** prevalence of myopia in Chinese children and adolescents is alarmingly high,with rates of 72%and 81%among middle school(ages 11–13 years)and high school(ages 14–17 years)students,respectively,resulting in an overall prevalence of approximately 54%.

关键词： globally myopia school

Disentangling brain PrP^(C)proteoforms and their roles in physiology and disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 963-965页

作者： Ilaria Vanni Nonno Romolo department of Food Safety Nutrition and Veterinary Public HealthIstituto Superiore di SanitàRomeItaly

The cellular prion protein(PrPC),a cell surface glycoprotein of 209 amino acids,has been considerably studied over the decades mainly due to its critical involvement in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies,or prion ***,it is the misfolding and aggregation of PrPC into pathological assemblies-named PrPSc-that constitute prions,the agents causing these unusual neurodegenerative diseases affecting humans and animals(Prusiner,1982).Furthermore,increasing evidence support its relevance also in other neurodegenerative diseases(NDDs),such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases(Corbett et al.,2020).

关键词： diseases involvement glycoprotein

Relationships between blood chromium exposure and liver injury:Exploring the mediating role of systemic inflammation in a chromate-exposed population

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第9期143卷 224-234页

作者： Zekang Su Yali Zhang Shiyi Hong Qiaojian Zhang Jiayu Xu Guiping Hu Xiaojun Zhu Fang Yuan Shanfa Yu Tianchen Wang Guang Jia department of Occupational and Environmental health sciences School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Engineering Medicine and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China National Center for Occupational Safety and health Beijing 102308China department of Occupational health and Radiological health Chongqing Centers for Disease Control and PreventionChongqing 400042China Henan Institute for Occupational Medicine Zhengzhou 450052China department of Clinical Laboratory Third Hospital of Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Hexavalent chromium and its compounds are prevalent pollutants,especially in the work environment,pose a significant risk for multisystem toxicity and *** it is known that chromium accumulation in the liver can cause damage,the dose-response relationship between blood chromium(Cr)and liver injury,as well as the possible potential toxic mechanisms involved,remains poorly *** address this,we conducted a follow-up study of 590 visits from 305 participants to investigate the associations of blood Cr with biomarkers for liver injury,including serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TBIL),and direct bilirubin(DBIL),and to evaluate the mediating effects of systemic ***(PLT)and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)were utilized as biomarkers of systemic *** the linear mixed-effects analyses,each 1-unit increase in blood Cr level was associated with estimated effect percentage increases of 0.82%(0.11%,1.53%)in TBIL,1.67%(0.06%,3.28%)in DBIL,0.73%(0.04%,1.43%)in ALT and 2.08%(0.29%,3.87%)in AST,***,PLT mediated 10.04%,11.35%,and 10.77%increases in TBIL,DBIL,and ALT levels induced by chromate,*** addition,PLR mediated 8.26%and 15.58%of the association between blood Cr and TBIL or *** findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying blood Cr-induced liver injury,which is partly due to worsening systemic inflammation.

关键词： Blood chromate Liver injury Systemic inflammation Mediation analysis

Adverse effects of exposure to fine particles and ultrafine particles in the environment on different organs of organisms

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第1期135卷 449-473页

作者： Jianwei Zhang Zhao Chen Dan Shan Yang Wu Yue Zhao Chen Li Yue Shu Xiaoyu Linghu Baiqi Wang department of Occupational and Environmental health School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300070China department of Medical Tianjin Stomatological HospitalSchool of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin 300041China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment Nutrition and Public HealthTianjin 300070China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preventive Medicine Education(Tianjin Medical University) Tianjin 300070China

Particulate pollution is a global risk factor that seriously threatens human *** particles(FPs)and ultrafine particles(UFPs)have small particle diameters and large specific surface areas,which can easily adsorb metals,microorganisms and other *** and UFPs can enter the human body in multiple ways and can be easily and quickly absorbed by the cells,tissues and *** the body,the particles can induce oxidative stress,inflammatory response and apoptosis,furthermore causing great adverse *** studies mainly take the population as the research object to study the distribution of diseases and health conditions in a specific population and to focus on the identification of influencing ***,the mechanism by which a substance harms the health of organisms is mainly demonstrated through toxicological *** epidemiological studies with toxicological studies will provide a more systematic and comprehensive understanding of the impact of PM on the health of *** this review,the sources,compositions,and morphologies of FPs and UFPs are briefly introduced in the first *** effects and action mechanisms of exposure to FPs and UFPs on the heart,lungs,brain,liver,spleen,kidneys,pancreas,gastrointestinal tract,joints and reproductive system are systematically *** addition,challenges are further pointed out at the end of the *** work provides useful theoretical guidance and a strong experimental foundation for investigating and preventing the adverse effects of FPs and UFPs on human health.

关键词： Fine particles Ultrafine particles Organs Adverse effect