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Food science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1292-1302页

作者： Li Kong Xinyu Gao Lijuan Zhu Xing Lin You Huang Chunlin Huang Wenjiang Yang Yazhi Chen Haoqiang Zhao Jing Wu Zhihang Yuan Jin’e Yi Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and poultry Health Care College of Veterinary MedicineHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China

F-2 toxin is an estrogenic mycotoxin that causes reproductive disorders in *** acid(BA)is a natural pentacyclic lupane-structure triterpenoid that has diverse pharmacological *** this study,the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of BA and its underlying mechanism are explored in F-2 toxin-triggered mouse ovarian *** found that BA alleviated the F-2 toxin-induced ovarian impairment by stimulating follicle growth,reducing inflammatory cell infiltration,repairing damaged mitochondria and endoplasmic ***,BA not only reversed F-2 toxin-induced reduction of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)and luteinizing hormone(LH)levels in the serum,but also restrained the protein expression of the estrogen receptors a(ERa)and ERβ.Moreover,BA restored the balance of F-2 toxin-induced ovarian redox system ***,we found that 0.25 mg/kg BA played an anti-inflammatory role in the F-2 toxin-induced ovarian impairment by decreasing interleukin-1β(IL-1β).IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)mRNA expression,as well as inhibiting p38 protein *** data demonstrated that BA exerts its protective effect on F-2 toxin-induced ovarian oxidative impairment and inflammation by inhibiting p38 expression,which implies a natural product-based medicine to ameliorate F-2 toxin-caused female reproductive toxicity and provides a detoxifying method for food contaminated by mycotoxin.

关键词： Betulinic acid F-2 toxin Ovarian damage p38 MAPK signaling pathway

Integrated multi-omics reveals the relationship between growth performance,rumen microbes and metabolic status of Hu sheep with different residual feed intakes

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 284-295页

作者： Yanzhen Zhang Xiaowei Zhang Dingren Cao Jinyong Yang Huiling Mao Lingling Sun Chong Wang college of Animal science and Technology College of Veterinary MedicineZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 311300China Zhejiang Provincial Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion and Monitoring Station of Breeding Livestock and poultry Hangzhou 310021China department of Animal science Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary CollegeWeifang 261061China

Residual feed intake(RFI)is a metric that provides a more accurate measure of feed *** lower the RFI,the higher the feed *** changes in the host microbiome and metabolome contribute to the greater feed efficiency of low RFI(LRFI)*** aim of this study was to explore the differences in rumen microorganisms,rumen metabolites and plasma metabolites of Hu sheep with differing RFI through the microbiome and metabolome.A total of 80 Hu sheep were *** experiment consisted of a 15-d pretrial period and a 128-d experimental *** RFI in the experimental period was calculated for all sheep,and the sheep were screened into high RFI(HRFI,n=8)and LRFI(n=8)*** HRFI and LRFI sheep did not differ in their initial and final body weights,average daily gain and body measurements,but the dry matter intake of LRFI sheep was significantly decreased(28.4%,P<0.001).The sheep with LRFI had higher digestibility of crude protein(P=0.010)and ether extract(P=0.010)compared to HRFI *** concentrations of acetate(P=0.036),propionate(P=0.010),valerate(P=0.027)and total volatile fatty acids(P=0.048)in rumen of LRFI group were higher compared to HRFI *** results of 16S rDNA sequencing indicated that the sheep with LRFI had higher proportions of Prevotella genus in rumen liquid(P=0.031).The rumen metabolome and plasma metabolome results showed that the citrate cycle,pyruvate metabolism and alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism processes were more active for sheep in LRFI group,which provided more energy substrate such as malic acid,oxoglutaric acid and citric *** conclusion,sheep with LRFI can utilize feed more efficiently,and the more active energy metabolism pathway and the production of energy substances may account for the higher feed efficiency.

关键词： Feed efficiency Residual feed intake Rumen microbiome and metabolome Plasma metabolome

Korean red ginseng alleviates benign prostatic hyperplasia by dysregulating androgen receptor signaling and inhibiting DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第7期22卷 599-607页

作者： HONG Geum-Lan KIM Kyung-Hyun CHO Sung-Pil LEE Hui-Ju KIM Yae-Ji JUNG Ju-Young department of veterinary Medicine&Institute of veterinary science Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Korea department of Anatomy College of MedicineKonyang UniversityDaejeon 35365Korea

Panax ginseng(***.)has been traditionally employed in Korea and China to alleviate fatigue and digestive *** particular,Korean red ginseng(KRG),derived from streamed and dried ***,is known for its anti-aging and anti-inflammatory ***,its effects on benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH),a representative aging-related disease,and the underlying mechanisms remain *** study aims to elucidate the therapeutic effects of KRG on BPH,with a particular focus on mitochondrial dynamics,including fission and fusion *** effects of KRG on cell proliferation,apoptosis,and mitochondrial dynamics and morphology were evaluated in a rat model of testosterone propionate(TP)-induced BPH and TP-treated LNCaP cells,with mdivi-1 as a *** results revealed that KRG treatment reduced the levels of androgen receptors(AR)and prostate-specific antigens in the BPH *** inhibited cell proliferation by downregulating cyclin D and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)levels,and it promoted apoptosis by increasing the ratio of B-cell lymphoma protein 2(Bcl-2)-associated X protein(Bax)to Bcl-2 ***,KRG treatment enhanced the phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1(DRP-1,serine 637)compared with that in the BPH group,which inhibited mitochondrial fission and led to mitochondrial *** modulation of mitochondrial dynamics was associated with decreased cell proliferation and increased *** dysregulating AR signaling and inhibiting mitochondrial fission through enhanced DRP-1(ser637)phosphorylation,KRG effectively reduced cell proliferation and induced *** findings suggest that KRG’s regulation of mitochondrial dynamics offers a promising clinical approach for the treatment of BPH.

关键词： Androgen Benign prostatic hyperplasia Fission Korean red ginseng Mitochondria

Integrins and their potential roles in mammalian pregnancy

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 1-19页

作者： Gregory A.Johnson Robert C.Burghardt Fuller W.Bazer Heewon Seo Joe W.Cain department of veterinary Integrative Biosciences School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑4459USA department of Animal science College of Agriculture and Life SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑2471USA

Integrins are a highly complex family of receptors that, when expressed on the surface of cells, can mediate reciprocal cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix(ECM) interactions leading to assembly of integrin adhesion complexes(IACs) that initiate many signaling functions both at the membrane and deeper within the cytoplasm to coordinate processes including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, survival, differentiation, and metabolism. All metazoan organisms possess integrins, and it is generally agreed that integrins were associated with the evolution of multicellularity, being essential for the association of cells with their neighbors and surroundings, during embryonic development and many aspects of cellular and molecular biology. Integrins have important roles in many aspects of embryonic development, normal physiology, and disease processes with a multitude of functions discovered and elucidated for integrins that directly influence many areas of biology and medicine, including mammalian pregnancy, in particular implantation of the blastocyst to the uterine wall, subsequent placentation and conceptus(embryo/fetus and associated placental membranes) development. This review provides a succinct overview of integrin structure, ligand binding, and signaling followed with a concise overview of embryonic development, implantation, and early placentation in pigs, sheep, humans, and mice as an example for rodents. A brief timeline of the initial localization of integrin subunits to the uterine luminal epithelium(LE) and conceptus trophoblast is then presented, followed by sequential summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs, sheep, humans, and rodents. As appropriate for this journal, summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs and sheep are in depth, whereas summaries for humans and rodents are brief. Because similar models to those illustrated in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are present throughout the sc

关键词： Humans Implantation Integrins Pigs Pregnancy Rodents Sheep

Enterogenic Stenotrophomonas maltophilia migrates to the mammary gland to induce mastitis by activating the calcium-ROS-AMPK-mTOR-autophagy pathway

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 236-252页

作者： Zhaoqi He Caijun Zhao Yuhong He Zhuoyu Liu Guyue Fan Kun Zhu Yiqi Wang Naisheng Zhang Yunhe Fu Xiaoyu Hu department of Clinical veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityChangchun 130062Jilin ProvinceChina

Background Mastitis is an inflammatory disease of the mammary gland that has serious economic impacts on the dairy industry and endangers food *** previous study found that the body has a gut/rumen-mammary gland axis and that disturbance of the gut/rumen microbiota could result in‘gastroenterogenic mastitis'.However,the mechanism has not been fully ***,we found that long-term feeding of a high-concentrate diet induced mastitis in dairy cows,and the abundance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(***)was significantly increased in both the rumen and milk ***,we hypothesized that‘gastroenterogenic mastitis'can be induced by the migration of endogenous gut bacteria to the mammary ***,this study investigated the mechanism by which enterogenic *** induces *** First,*** was labelled with superfolder GFP and administered to mice via *** results showed that treatment with *** promoted the occurrence of mastitis and increased the permeability of the blood-milk barrier,leading to intestinal inflammation and intestinal ***,tracking of ingested *** revealed that *** could migrate from the gut to the mammary gland and induce ***,mammary gland transcriptome analysis showed that the calcium and AMPK signalling pathways were significantly upregulated in mice treated with ***,using mouse mammary epithelial cells(MMECs),we verified that *** induces mastitis through activation of the calcium-ROS-AMPK-mTOR-autophagy *** In conclusion,the results showed that enterogenic *** could migrate from the gut to the mammary gland via the gut-mammary axis and activate the calcium-ROS-AMPK-mTOR-autophagy pathway to induce *** the gut-mammary gland axis may also be an effective method to treat mastitis.

关键词： Calcium-ROS-AMPK-mTOR-autophagy pathway Gut-mammary axis Mastitis S.maltophilia

Changes in structural plasticity of hippocampal neurons in an animal model of multiple sclerosis

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 398-414页

作者： Poornima D.E.Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage Sohi Kang Joong-Sun Kim Sung-Ho Kim Hongbing Wang Taekyun Shin Changjong Moon department of veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR ProgramChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical science Institute of Health SciencesCollege of MedicineGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52727Republic of Korea department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA department of veterinary Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research InstituteJeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea

Structural plasticity is critical for the functional diversity of neurons in the *** autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)is the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis(MS),successfully mimicking its key pathological features(inflammation,demyelination,axonal loss,and gliosis)and clinical symptoms(motor and non-motordysfunctions).Recentstudieshave demonstrated the importance of synaptic plasticity in EAE *** the present study,we investigated the features of behavioral alteration and hippocampal structural plasticity in EAE-affected mice in the early phase(11 days post-immunization,DPI)and chronic phase(28DPI).EAE-affected mice exhibited hippocampus-related behavioral dysfunction in the open field test during both early and chronic *** complexity was largely affected in the cornu ammonis 1(CA1)and CA3 apical and dentate gyrus(DG)subregions of the hippocampus during the chronic phase,while this effect was only noted in the CA1 apical subregion in the early ***,dendritic spine density was reduced in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 apical/basal and DG subregions in the early phase of EAE,but only reduced in the DG subregion during the chronic ***,mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines(Il1β,Tnfα,and Ifnγ)and glial cell markers(Gfap and Cd68)were significantly increased,whereas the expression of activity-regulated cytoskeletonassociated protein(ARC)was reduced during the chronic ***,exposure to the aforementioned cytokines in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons reduced dendritic complexity and ARC *** cultures of hippocampal neurons also showed significantly reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)phosphorylation upon treatment with proinflammatory ***,these results suggest that autoimmune neuroinflammation alters structural plasticity in the hippocampus,possibly through the ERK-ARC pathway,indicating that this alteration may be associated with hi

关键词： Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein Anxiety-like behavior Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Hippocampal dysfunction Neuroinflammation

Complexed amino acid minerals vs. bis-glycinate chelated minerals:Impact on the performance of old laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 395-408页

作者： Marcos J.B.Santos Maria C.M.M.Ludke Leandro M.Silva Carlos B.V.Rabello Mércia R.Barros Fabiano S.Costa Clariana S.Santos Jamille S.S.Wanderley department of Animal science Rural Federal University of Pernambuco department of veterinary science Rural Federal University of Pernambuco

The present study was to evaluate the effect of trace minerals(Zn, Mn, and Cu) from complexed amino acid minerals(ZMCAA) and bis-glycinate chelated minerals(ZMCGly) in laying hen diets on performance,internal and external egg quality, yolk mineral deposition, intestinal morphometry, and bone characteristics. From 78 to 98 weeks of age, 400 White LSL-Lite strain laying hens were distributed in a randomized design with 4 treatments with 10 replicates per treatment. Treatments were distributed in a 2 ×2 factorial arrangement using either Zn, Mn, and Cu of ZMCAA or ZMCGly source at 2 levels: low(20, 20,and 3.5 mg/kg of Zn, Mn, and Cu, respectively) or high(40, 40, and 7 mg/kg of Zn, Mn, and Cu,respectively). The analysis of variance was performed, and in cases where differences were observed, the means were compared using Tukey?s test(P < 0.05). The source and level of trace mineral supplementation had a significant impact on the performance of laying hens. Hens fed ZMCAA had higher egg production(P = 0.01), egg weight(P = 0.02), egg mass(P = 0.01), and lower feed conversion ratio(P =0.05) compared to those fed ZMCGly. The ZMCAA supplementation showed higher albumen height(P =0.01), albumen weight(P = 0.01), and eggshell thickness(P < 0.01). The deposition of Zn(P < 0.01), Mn(P< 0.01), and Cu(P < 0.01) in the egg yolk was greater for hens received ZMCAA. Tibia weight(P = 0.04)and bone densitometry(P < 0.01) in the tibia were higher with ZMCAA supplementation. In the small intestine, ZMCAA resulted in longer villi(P = 0.02) and shorter crypt depth(P = 0.01) in the *** and ileum measurements were influenced by the level and source of trace minerals(P < 0.05).Laying hens fed ZMCAA exhibited superior performance, egg quality, deposition of trace minerals in the egg yolk, and bone density compared to hens fed ZMCGly. In this study, older laying hens supplemented with ZMCAA at lower levels demonstrated adequate levels of supplementation.

关键词： Bis-glycinates Metal-amino acids Radiodensity Trace minerals

Understanding the spectrum of non-motor symptoms in multiple sclerosis:insights from animal models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 84-91页

作者： Poornima D.E.Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage Joong-Sun Kim Taekyun Shin Changjong Moon department of veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR programChonnam National UniversityGwangjuRepublic of Korea department of veterinary Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research InstituteJeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and is generally considered to be a non-traumatic,physically debilitating neurological *** addition to experiencing motor disability,patients with multiple sclerosis also experience a variety of nonmotor symptoms,including cognitive deficits,anxiety,depression,sensory impairments,and ***,the pathogenesis and treatment of such non-motor symptoms in multiple scle rosis are still under *** studies for multiple sclerosis benefit from the use of disease-appropriate animal models,including experimental autoimmune *** to understanding the pathophysiology and developing treatments for non-motor symptoms,it is critical to chara cterize the animal model in terms of its ability to replicate certain non-motor features of multiple *** such,no single animal model can mimic the entire spectrum of *** review focuses on the non-motor symptoms that have been investigated in animal models of multiple sclerosis as well as possible underlying ***,we highlighted gaps in the literature to explain the nonmotor aspects of multiple sclerosis in expe rimental animal models,which will serve as the basis for future studies.

关键词： anxiety cognitive deficit depression experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis motor disability neurological disorder pain pathophysiology preclinical study sensory impairments

Improving Video Watermarking through Galois Field GF(2^(4)) Multiplication Tables with Diverse Irreducible Polynomials and Adaptive Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1423-1442页

作者： Yasmin Alaa Hassan Abdul Monem S.Rahma department of Computer science College of ScienceUniversity of BaghdadBaghdadIraq department of Computer science College of ScienceAl-Maarif University CollegeAl-AnbarIraq

Video watermarking plays a crucial role in protecting intellectual property rights and ensuring content *** study delves into the integration of Galois Field(GF)multiplication tables,especially GF(2^(4)),and their interaction with distinct irreducible *** primary aim is to enhance watermarking techniques for achieving imperceptibility,robustness,and efficient execution *** research employs scene selection and adaptive thresholding techniques to streamline the watermarking *** selection is used strategically to embed watermarks in the most vital frames of the video,while adaptive thresholding methods ensure that the watermarking process adheres to imperceptibility criteria,maintaining the video's visual ***,careful consideration is given to execution time,crucial in real-world scenarios,to balance efficiency and *** Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)serves as a pivotal metric to gauge the watermark's imperceptibility and video *** study explores various irreducible polynomials,navigating the trade-offs between computational efficiency and watermark *** parallel,the study pays careful attention to the execution time,a paramount consideration in real-world scenarios,to strike a balance between efficiency and *** comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the interplay of GF multiplication tables,diverse irreducible polynomials,scene selection,adaptive thresholding,imperceptibility,and execution *** evaluation of the proposed algorithm's robustness was conducted using PSNR and NC metrics,and it was subjected to assessment under the impact of five distinct attack *** findings contribute to the development of watermarking strategies that balance imperceptibility,robustness,and processing efficiency,enhancing the field's practicality and effectiveness.

关键词： Video watermarking galois field irreducible polynomial multiplication table scene selection adaptive thresholding

Establishment and application of a surrogate model for human Ebola virus disease in BSL-2 laboratory

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第3期39卷 434-446页

作者： Wanying Yang Wujian Li Wujie Zhou Shen Wang Weiqi Wang Zhenshan Wang Na Feng Tiecheng Wang Ying Xie Yongkun Zhao Feihu Yan Xianzhu Xia Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal science Department of Laboratory Animal ScienceHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang050017China Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control Changchun Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun130122China college of veterinary Medicine Jilin UniversityChangchun130062China college of veterinary Medicine Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun130118China

The Ebola virus(EBOV)is a member of the Orthoebolavirus genus,Filoviridae family,which causes severe hemorrhagic diseases in humans and non-human primates(NHPs),with a case fatality rate of up to 90%.The development of countermeasures against EBOV has been hindered by the lack of ideal animal models,as EBOV requires handling in biosafety level(BSL)-4 ***,accessible and convenient animal models are urgently needed to promote prophylactic and therapeutic approaches against *** this study,a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing Ebola virus glycoprotein(VSV-EBOV/GP)was constructed and applied as a surrogate virus,establishing a lethal infection in *** infection with VSV-EBOV/GP,3-week-old female Syrian hamsters exhibited disease signs such as weight loss,multi-organ failure,severe uveitis,high viral loads,and developed severe systemic diseases similar to those observed in human EBOV *** animals succumbed at 2–3 days post-infection(dpi).Histopathological changes indicated that VSV-EBOV/GP targeted liver cells,suggesting that the tissue tropism of VSV-EBOV/GP was comparable to wild-type EBOV(WT EBOV).Notably,the pathogenicity of the VSV-EBOV/GP was found to be species-specific,age-related,gender-associated,and challenge ***,equine anti-EBOV immunoglobulins and a subunit vaccine were validated using this ***,this surrogate model represents a safe,effective,and economical tool for rapid preclinical evaluation of medical countermeasures against EBOV under BSL-2 conditions,which would accelerate technological advances and breakthroughs in confronting Ebola virus disease.

关键词： Ebola virus(EBOV) Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus Pathogenicity Syrian hamster Surrogate models Vaccine evaluation and drug screening