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Dibutyl phthalate disrupts[Ca^(2+)]_(i),reactive oxygen species,[pH]_(i),protein kinases and mitochondrial activity,impairing sperm function

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第5期151卷 68-78页

作者： Seung Hyun Park Myung Chan Gye department of Life Science and institute for natural sciences Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

To explore the mechanism of sperm dysfunction caused by dibutyl phthalate(DBP),the effects of DBP on intracellular[Ca^(2+)]and[pH],reactive oxygen species(ROS),lipid peroxidation(LPO),mitochondrial permeability transition pore(mPTP)opening,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP),adenosine triphosphate(ATP)levels,phosphorylation of protein kinase A(PKA)substrate proteins and phosphotyrosine(p-Tyr)proteins,sperm motility,spontaneous acrosome reaction,and tail bending were examined in mouse *** 100μg/mL,DBP significantly increased tail bending and[Ca^(2+)]***,DBP showed biphasic effects on[pH]*** at 10–100μg/mL significantly decreased sperm ***,Ca^(2+)ionophore A23187 decreased[pH]_(i)sperm motility,suggesting that DBP-induced excessive[Ca^(2+)]_(i)decreased sperm *** significantly increased ROS and *** at 100μg/mL significantly decreased mPTP closing,MMP,and ATP levels in spermatozoa,as did H2O2,indicative of ROS-mediatedmitochondrial dysfunction caused by *** as well as H2O2 increased p-Tyr sperm proteins and phosphorylated PKA substrate sperm *** at 1–10μg/mL significantly increased the spontaneous acrosome reaction,suggesting that DBP can activate sperm ***,DBP showed a biphasic effect on intracellular signaling in *** concentrations relevant to seminal ortho-phthalate levels,DBP activates[pH]i,protein tyrosine kinases and PKA via physiological levels of ROS generation,potentiating sperm *** at high doses excessively raises[Ca^(2+)]_(i)and ROS and disrupts[pH]i,impairing the mitochondrial function,tail structural integrity,and sperm motility.

关键词： Dibutyl phthalate Reactive oxygen species(ROS) [Ca^(2+)]_(i) [pH]_(i) Mitochondria Protein kinases Sperm

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Dieback of spruce plantations:Deadwood stands and management heterogeneity enhance beetle diversity and habitat connectivity

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Forest Ecosystems 2025年第1期12卷 121-135页

作者： Eva Plath Kim Ehringhausen Laura Griebel Leon Martiny Michel Schmitz Katharina Schreek Christoph Thiem Klaus Fischer institute of Integrated natural sciences Department BiologyUniversity of KoblenzD-56070KoblenzGermany

Forest ecosystems are important for biodiversity conservation and human societies,but are under pressure due to climate change and human *** applies to natural forests as well as tree *** latter are globally widespread and therefore gaining increasing importance for biodiversity ***,even after dieback due to increasing disturbance frequencies,such plantations are primarily managed for economic returns,leading to growing conflicts among *** particular,the impact of forest management on biodiversity is being *** study investigates the effects of five management approaches in a landscape severely affected by spruce(Picea abies L.)dieback on beetle diversity,conservation,and community *** considered direct effects of management and indirect effects of environmental parameters separately in ground-dwelling and flight-active *** diversity was strongly affected by forest management,with nonintervention deadwood stands being most beneficial for *** addition,we show indirect effects of environmental *** general,parameters related to salvage logging(*** canopies,tree stumps)influenced beetle diversity and conservation negatively,while positive effects were found for soil nutrient availability and plant species *** composition differed strongly among management categories and indicated a lack of landscape connectivity for open habitat species,as we found only low proportions of such species even on salvage-logged *** propose a mixture of management approaches after bark beetle outbreaks,including a substantial proportion of non-intervention deadwood stands,to increase landscape heterogeneity and *** may increase overall biodiversity while addressing the concerns of both forestry and species conservation.

关键词： Ips typographus Post-disturbance management Coleoptera natural disturbances Biodiversity loss Beetle assemblages Nature conservation Forest dieback

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A new exceptionally preserved corystosperm wood from the Jurassic of East Asia

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Science China Earth sciences 2025年第3期68卷 803-810页

作者： Zikun JIANG Ning TIAN Yongdong WANG Fangyu LI Junling PEI Dieter UHL Ya LI Hao WU Zhenguo NING Ruiying HAO Chinese Academy of Geological sciences College of Palaeontology Shenyang Normal University Nanjing institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou University East China University of Technology Senckenberg Research institute and natural History Museum Frankfurt Zhejiang Museum of natural History department of natural Resources of Shandong Province

Corystosperms, an extinct group of “seed ferns” that lived from the late Permian to the Cretaceous or Eocene, are significant for seed plant phylogeny for their unique roles in partially resolving the long-standing question of angiosperm origins.A new fossil wood taxon, Fengweioxylon sinense gen. et sp. nov. is reported here based on exceptionally preserved wood material from the Jurassic in western Liaoning, China, whose peculiar wood structure enables it to be recognized as the first unequivocal fossil wood record of a corystosperm plant in Laurasia. The anatomical structures of this corystosperm wood show gymnospermous characters. The discovery of the new specimen will provide more anatomical evidence for understanding the systematic and affinity of this seed plants.

关键词： Corystosperms Fossil wood Laurasia Jurassic

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Establishing the vector-meson-exchange dominance for the short range interactions of light quarks

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第3期68卷 190-191页

作者： Bing-Song Zou department of physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Southern Center for Nuclear-Science Theory(SCNT) Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHuizhou516000China

Understanding the interactions between constituent quarks is one of the fundamental and challenging problems in hadron *** present,the constituent quark models have achieved great success in describing the properties of hadrons,whereas some long-standing disputes remain,especially for the short range interactions between constituent *** exploring the dynamic mechanism between u/d quarks,it is found that the one gluon exchange and/or vector meson exchange induced interactions may dominate the short range interactions[1].

关键词： quark exchange meson

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Geochemistry of shales of middle Permian Barren Measures Formation,West Bokaro Basin,India:Implications on provenance,paleodepositional and paleoclimatic conditions

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2025年第01期14卷 40-65页

作者： Mritunjoy Banerjee Biplab Bhattacharya Arnab Bhattacharya Aniruddha Pathak Partha Pratim Banerjee department of Earth sciences Indian Institute of Technology natural Resource Division Tata Steel Limited

Geochemical analyses of fine-grained clastic sedimentary rocks,such as shales,are significant since they portray the nature of the control factors from source to sink in a sedimentary basin,and help characterizing the heterogeneity in potential source and/or reservoir *** rock geochemistry（including major element oxides,trace elements and rare earth elements） of 20 shale samples from the Permian Barren Measures Formation,West Bokaro Basin,Peninsular India,is presented to decipher the provenance,paleoweathering,paleotectonic,paleodepositional and paleoredox conditions of the basin within the Lower Gondwana paleogeographic framework.X-ray diffraction（XRD） peaks and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）reveal an abundance of quartz,muscovite and clay minerals,viz.,illite,kaolinite,etc.,with less abundant feldspar and *** concentrations of major element oxides,trace elements and rare earth elements（REEs） of the shale samples are compared with predefined standards such as PAAS and *** CIA（chemical index of alteration） and the A-CN-K values,based on the ratios of the major element oxides,signify intense chemical *** ratios of Sr/Cu versus Rb/Sr and K2O/Al2O3versus Ga/Rb,and high ∑REE values indicate a temperate *** of the major element oxides（e.g.,K2O/Na2O versus SiO2） suggest a passive tectonic *** Eu/Eu*and（Gd/Yb）_n values depict predominantly post-Archean granitic and gneissic source *** ratios of trace elements,viz.,Th/Sc,Th/Co,Th/Cr,La/Sc and Eu/Eu*,and the distribution pattern of the REEs（higher LREE in comparison to HREE） attest to a felsic-intermediate source from a nearby *** redox-sensitive trace elements,such as V and Ni,indicate a dysoxic condition that prevailed during *** ratios of Fe2O3versus MgO and Log（MgO/Al2O3） versus Log（K2O/Al2O3）,and the ternary plots of Fe2O3-MgO-SiO2/Al2O3suggest a non-marine to deltaic transitional *** evidence of marine influences during

关键词： Guadalupian Lower Gondwana Passive margin rift basin Fluvial–marine transition Anoxic condition West Bokaro Basin

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Silk damping in scalar-induced gravitational waves:a novel probe for new physics

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 75-81页

作者： Yan-Heng Yu Sai Wang Theoretical physics Division Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Silk damping is well known in the study of cosmic microwave background(CMB)and accounts for suppression of the angular power spectrum of CMB on large angular *** this article,we study the effect of Silk damping on the scalar-induced gravitational waves(SIGWs).Resulting from the dissipation of cosmic fluid,the Silk damping notably suppresses the energy-density spectrum of SIGWs on scales comparable to a diffusion scale at the decoupling time of weakly-interacting *** effect offers a novel observable for probing the underlying particle interaction,especially for those mediated by heavy gauge bosons beyond the standard model of *** anticipate that pulsar timing arrays are sensitive to gauge bosons with mass∼10^(3)-10^(4)GeV,while space-and ground-based interferometers to those with mass∼10^(7)-10^(12)GeV,leading to essential comple-ments to on-going and future experiments of high-energy physics.

关键词： scalar-induced gravitational waves Silk damping new physics

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Dieback of spruce plantations: Deadwood stands and management heterogeneity enhance beetle diversity and habitat connectivity

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Forest Ecosystems 2025年第01期 121-135页

Forest ecosystems are important for biodiversity conservation and human societies, but are under pressure due to climate change and human interventions. This applies to natural forests as well as tree plantations. The latter are globally widespread and therefore gaining increasing importance for biodiversity conservation. However, even after dieback due to increasing disturbance frequencies, such plantations are primarily managed for economic returns, leading to growing conflicts among stakeholders. In particular, the impact of forest management on biodiversity is being discussed. This study investigates the effects of five management approaches in a landscape severely affected by spruce(Picea abies L.) dieback on beetle diversity, conservation, and community *** considered direct effects of management and indirect effects of environmental parameters separately in ground-dwelling and flight-active beetles. Beetle diversity was strongly affected by forest management, with nonintervention deadwood stands being most beneficial for beetles. In addition, we show indirect effects of environmental factors. In general, parameters related to salvage logging(e.g. open canopies, tree stumps) influenced beetle diversity and conservation negatively, while positive effects were found for soil nutrient availability and plant species richness. Community composition differed strongly among management categories and indicated a lack of landscape connectivity for open habitat species, as we found only low proportions of such species even on salvage-logged sites. We propose a mixture of management approaches after bark beetle outbreaks, including a substantial proportion of non-intervention deadwood stands, to increase landscape heterogeneity and connectivity. This may increase overall biodiversity while addressing the concerns of both forestry and species conservation.

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Constraints on holographic QCD phase transitions from PTA observations

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 67-74页

作者： Song He Li Li Sai Wang Shao-Jiang Wang Center for Theoretical physics and College of physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Fundamental physics and Mathematical sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS)Hangzhou 310024China Theoretical physics Division Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS)Beijing 100049China Max Planck institute for Gravitational physics(Albert Einstein institute) Am Muhlenberg 1Golm 14476Germany

The underlying physics of QCD phase transition in the early Universe remains largely unknown due to its strong-coupling nature during the quark-gluon plasma/hadron gas transition,yet a holographic model has been proposed to quantitatively fit the lattice QCD data while with its duration of the first-order phase transition(FoPT)left *** specific baryon chemical poten-tial,the first-order QCD phase transition agrees with the observational constraint of baryon ***,therefore,provides a scenario for phase transition gravitational waves(GWs)within the standard model of particle *** these background GWs could contribute dominantly to the recently claimed common-spectrum red noise from pulsar timing array(PTA)observations,the duration of this FoPT can be well constrained,and the associated primordial black holes are still allowed by current observations.

关键词： pulsar timing array QCD phase transition gravitational waves primordial black holes

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Reversible phase transition poly(benzyl methacrylate)/ionic liquid electrolytes for effective overheating protection in lithium batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 76-86页

作者： Qian Yu Wei Sun Jialing Zhu Haoxiang Li Shuai Wang Longqing Huang Qian Qiu Haoran Tian He Miao Fu Wang Chunfei Zhang Jinliang Yuan Lan Xia Ningbo Innovation Team on New Energies and Marine Applications Faculty of Maritime and Transportation Ningbo University Technical University of Munich TUM School of Natural Sciences Department of Physics Chair for Functional Materials

Battery safety is influenced by various factors,with thermal runaway being one of the most significant *** most studies have concentrated on developing one-time,self-activating mechanism for thermal protection,such as temperature-responsive electrodes,and thermal-shutdown separators,these methods only provide irreversible ***,reversible temperature-sensitive electrolytes have emerged as promising alternatives,offering both thermo-reversibility and self-protective ***,further research is crucial to fully understand these thermal-shutdown *** this study,we propose lower critical solution temperature(LCST) phase behavior poly(benzyl methacrylate)/imidazolium-based ionic liquid mixtures to prepare temperature-sensitive electrolytes that provide reversible thermal shutdown protection of *** electrolyte features an appropriate protection temperature(～105℃) and responds quickly within a 1 min at 105℃,causing cells to hardly discharge as the voltage suddenly drops to 3.38 V,and providing efficient thermal shutdown protection within 30 *** cooling back to room temperature,the battery regains its original ***,the electrolyte exhibits excellent cycling stability with the capacity retention of the battery is 91.6% after 500 *** work provides a viable solution for preventing batteries from thermal runaway triggered by overheating.

关键词： Ionic liquid Lithium-ion battery Lower critical solution temperature Overheating Safety Thermal runaway

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Unraveling atomistic and electronic origins of multiaxial magnetic anisotropy

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 175-182页

作者： Boyu Liu Xueyang Li Junsheng Feng Changsong Xu Hongjun Xiang Key Laboratory of Computational Physical sciences(Ministry of Education) Institute of Computational Physical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai200433China Shanghai Qi Zhi institute Shanghai200030China School of physics and Material Engineering Hefei Normal UniversityHefei230601China

Multiaxial magnetic anisotropy(MA)refers to the phenomenon that multiple axes of the magnetic crystal correspond to different energy *** with the common uniaxial magnetic anisotropy,multiaxial MA facilitates novel forms of applications in ***,by combining the first-principles-based spin Hamiltonian and tight-binding(TB)method,we reveal the microscopic origins,instead of the common phenomenological understanding,of biaxial MA and triaxial *** the example system of NiO,it is found that the multiple minima result from the fourth-order and the sixth-order single ion interactions,while the difference between[110]and[110]directions originates from a second-order bond-dependent anisotropic pair interaction(i.e.,the so-called Gamma interaction).Moreover,through the application of a newly developed general spin dependent TB approach,it is revealed that the triaxial MA arises from the special spin-orbital entangled Hund term,which is different from the orbital-independent Hund term in the usual Slater Koster TB *** work thus not only leads to a thorough understanding of the multiaxial MA in NiO,but also establishes a methodology that can be widely used to explore the microscopic origins of MA in different magnets.

关键词： multiaxial magnetic anisotropy origin of multiaxial magnetic mnisotropy effective spin Hamiltonian tight-binding model antiferromagnetism

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