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Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and AMPK/mTOR pathway in the treatment of liver fibrosis:Should we consider further implications?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第18期30卷 2391-2396页

作者： Michele Barone Section of Gastroenterology Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine-Jonian Area-University of BariBari 70124Italy

This editorial contains comments on the article by Zhao et al in print in the World Journal of *** mechanisms responsible for hepatic fibrosis are also involved in ***,we recapitulated the complexity of the renin-angiotensin system,discussed the role of hepatic stellate cell(HSC)autophagy in liver fibrogenesis,and analyzed the possible implications in the development of hepatocarcinoma(HCC).Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers definitively contribute to reducing hepatic fibrogenesis,whereas their involvement in HCC is more evident in experimental conditions than in human ***-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),and its product Angiotensin(Ang)1-7,not only regulate HSC autophagy and liver fibrosis,but they also represent potential targets for unexplored applications in the field of ***,ACE2 overexpression inhibits HSC autophagy through the AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)*** this case,Ang 1-7 acts binding to the MasR,and its agonists could modulate this ***,since AMPK utilizes different targets to suppress the mTOR downstream complex mTOR complex 1 effectively,we still need to unravel the entire pathway to identify other potential targets for the therapy of fibrosis and liver cancer.

关键词： Renin-angiotensin system Liver fibrosis Hepatic stellate cells Autophagy Hepatocellular carcinoma

Multifunctional glycolipids as multi-targeting therapeutics for neural regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 707-708页

作者： Yutaka Itokazu department of Neuroscience and regenerative medicine Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Many patients with neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s(AD)and Parkinson’s(PD)diseases suffer from disease progression without any satisfying clinical intervention,likely due to our lack of knowledge on how normal aging impacts the pathogenic mechanisms of these debilitating diseases.A growing body of literature has emerged in recent years that clearly demonstrates the involvement of glycolipids in the protein-oligomerization of neurodegenerative *** hypothesize that changes in glycolipids composition are a common mechanism underlying the shift from healthy brain aging to the neuropathological processes of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： lipids involvement diseases

Risk of hepatic decompensation from hepatitis B virus reactivation in hematological malignancy treatments

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第25期30卷 3147-3151页

作者： Michele Barone Section of Gastroenterology Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine-Jonian Area-University of BariBari 70124Italy

In this editorial,we discussed the apparent discrepancy between the findings described by Colapietro et al,in their case report and data found in the *** et al reported a case of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related hepatic decompensation in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia and a previously resolved HBV infection who was receiving Bruton’s tyrosine kinase(BTK)inhibitor *** of all,we recapitulated the main aspects of the immune system involved in the response to HBV infection in order to underline the role of the innate and adaptive response,focusing our attention on the protective role of *** then carefully analyzed literature data on the risk of HBV reactivation(HBVr)in patients with previous HBV infection who were treated with either tyrosine kinase inhibitors or BTK inhibitors for their hematologic *** on literature data,we suggested that several factors may contribute to the different risks of HBVr:The type of hematologic malignancy;the type of therapy(BTK inhibitors,especially second-generation,seem to be at a higher risk of HBVr than those with tyrosine kinase inhibitors);previous exposure to an anti-CD20 as first-line therapy;and ethnicity and HBV ***,the warning regarding HBVr in the specific setting of patients with hematologic malignancies requires further investigation.

关键词： Hematological malignancy Hepatitis Hepatitis B virus-DNA Bruton’s tyrosine kinase Previously resolved hepatitis B virus infection

Bioceramic scaffolds with two-step internal/external modification of copper-containing polydopamine enhance antibacterial and alveolar bone regeneration capability

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第1期25卷 65-82页

作者： Xiaojian JIANG Lihong LEI Weilian SUN Yingming WEI Jiayin HAN Shuaiqi ZHONG Xianyan YANG Zhongru GOU Lili CHEN department of Oral medicine the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310009China Bio-nanomaterials and regenerative medicine Research Division Zhejiang–California International Nanosystem InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China

Magnesium-doped calcium silicate(CS)bioceramic scaffolds have unique advantages in mandibular defect repair;however,they lack antibacterial properties to cope with the complex oral ***,for the first time,the CS scaffold was functionally modified with a novel copper-containing polydopamine(PDA(Cu^(2+)))rapid deposition method,to construct internally modified(*P),externally modified(@PDA),and dually modified(*P@PDA)*** morphology,degradation behavior,and mechanical properties of the obtained scaffolds were evaluated in *** results showed that the CS*P@PDA had a unique micro-/nano-structural surface and appreciable mechanical *** the prolonged immersion stage,the release of copper ions from the CS*P@PDA scaffolds was rapid in the early stage and exhibited long-term sustained *** in vitro evaluation revealed that the release behavior of copper ions ascribed an excellent antibacterial effect to the CS*P@PDA,while the scaffolds retained good cytocompatibility with improved osteogenesis and angiogenesis ***,the PDA(Cu^(2+))-modified scaffolds showed effective early bone regeneration in a critical-size rabbit mandibular defect ***,it was indicated that considerable antibacterial property along with the enhancement of alveolar bone regeneration can be imparted to the scaffold by the two-step PDA(Cu^(2+))modification,and the convenience and wide applicability of this technique make it a promising strategy to avoid bacterial infections on implants.

关键词： Copper-containing polydopamine Modification Antibacterial property Bone regeneration Angiogenesis Bioceramic scaffold

Effect of weight-adjusted antimicrobial antibiotic prophylaxis on postoperative dosage and surgical site infection incidence in total joint arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第4期15卷 318-320页

作者： Ashim Gupta Vijay Kumar Jain department of Orthopaedics and regenerative medicine Future BiologicsLawrencevilleGA 30043United States department of Orthopaedics South Texas Orthopaedic Research Institute(STORI Inc.)LaredoTX 78045United States department of regenerative medicine BioIntegrateLawrencevilleGA 30043United States department of Orthopaedics and regenerative medicine Regenerative OrthopaedicsNoida 201301India department of Orthopaedics Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical SciencesDr Ram Manohar Lohia HospitalNew Delhi 110001India

Surgical site infections(SSI)following total joint arthroplasty pose a significant concern for both providers and patients across the ***,administration of antimicrobial antibiotic prophylaxis is used throughout the world to reduce the incidence of ***,the correct dosage and frequency of administration remains *** this editorial,we emphasized the determination of the effect of administration of weight-adjusted antimicrobial antibiotic prophylaxis regime on the incidence of SSI and postoperative dosage reduction compared to the conventionally used regime during total joint *** results demonstrated similar efficacy between both regimes with respect to the incidence of *** addition,weight-adjustment led to reduced postoperative dosage and has the potential to reduce chances of achieving lower therapeutic concentration,drug resistance,drug toxicity,and costs.

关键词： Antibiotics Antimicrobial prophylaxis Weight-adjusted Surgical site infections Total joint arthroplasty Knee arthroplasty Hip arthroplasty

Role of N-formyl peptide receptor 2 in germinal matrix hemorrhage:an intrinsic review of a hematoma resolving pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 350-354页

作者： Jerry Flores Jiping Tang department of Physiology&pharmacology Loma Linda University School of MedicineLoma LindaCAUSA

Germinal matrix hemorrhage is one of the leading causes of morbidity,mortality,and acquired infantile hydrocephalus in preterm infants in the United States,with little progress made in its clinical *** clots have been shown to elicit secondary brain injury after germinal matrix hemorrhage,by disrupting normal cerebrospinal fluid circulation and absorption after germinal matrix hemorrhage causing post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus *** evidence suggests that rapid hematoma resolution is necessary to improve neurological outcomes after hemorrhagic *** articles have demonstrated the beneficial effects of stimulating the polarization of microglia cells into the M2 phenotype,as it has been suggested that they play an essential role in the rapid phagocytosis of the blood clot after hemorrhagic models of stroke.N-formyl peptide receptor 2(FPR2),a G-protein-coupled receptor,has been shown to be neuroprotective after ***2 activation has been associated with the upregulation of phagocytic macrophage clearance,yet its mechanism has not been fully *** literature suggests that FPR2 may play a role in the stimulation of scavenger receptor *** receptor CD36 plays a vital role in microglia phagocytic blood clot clearance after germinal matrix ***2 has been shown to phosphorylate extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2),which then promotes the transcription of the dual-specificity protein phosphatase 1(DUSP1)*** this review,we present an intrinsic outline of the main components involved in FPR2 stimulation and hematoma resolution after germinal matrix hemorrhage.

关键词： AnxA1 FPR2 GMH hematoma resolution hemorrhagic stroke M1 M2 microglia polarization microglia phagocytosis

Autologous peripheral blood-derived orthobiologics:Different types and their effectiveness in managing knee osteoarthritis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 400-403页

Knees are the most commonly impacted weight-bearing joints in osteoarthritis(OA),affecting millions of people *** increasing life spans and obesity rates,the incidence of knee OA will further increase,leading to a significant increase in the economic *** treatment modalities utilized to manage knee OA have *** the last decade,the role of various autologous peripheral blood-derived orthobiologics(APBOs)for the treatment of knee OA has been extensively *** editorial provided an overview and focused on defining and shedding light on the current state of evidence based on the most recent published clinical studies concerning the use of APBO for the management of knee *** numerous studies have demonstrated promising results for these preparations,a notable gap exists in the comparative analysis of these diverse *** absence of head-to-head studies poses a considerable challenge for physicians/surgeons in determining the optimal preparation for managing knee OA and achieving sustained longterm ***,more adequately powered,multicenter,prospective,doubleblind,randomized controlled trials with longer follow-ups are needed to establish the long-term efficacy and to aid physicians/surgeons in determining the optimal APBO for the management of knee OA.

关键词： Knee osteoarthritis Platelet-rich plasma Platelet lysate Autologous conditioned serum Gold-induced cytokine Plasma rich in growth factors Growth factor concentrate Autologous protein solution Platelet-rich fibrin Hyperacute serum

Interaction between inflammatory bowel disease,physical activity,and myokines:Assessment of serum irisin levels

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第22期30卷 2923-2926页

作者： Marwan SM Al-Nimer department of Therapeutics and Clinical pharmacology College of MedicineUniversity of DiyalaBaqubah 32001Iraq

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,showed a wide spectrum of intestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations,which rendered the patients physically inactive and impaired their quality of *** has been found that physical activity is a non-pharmacological intervention that improves the quality of life for those *** is one member of the myokines secreted by muscle contraction during exercise and could be used as an antiinflammatory biomarker in assessing the physical activity of IBD *** addition,experimental studies showed that exogenous irisin significantly decreased the inflammatory markers and the histological changes of the intestinal mucosa observed in experimental ***,irisin produces changes in the diversity of the ***,endogenous or exogenous irisin,via its anti-inflammatory effects,will improve the health of IBD patients and will limit the barriers to physical activity in patients with IBD.

关键词： Irisin Inflammatory bowel disease Physical activity Myokines Prognostic marker

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease:Navigating terminological evolution,diagnostic frontiers and therapeutic horizon-an editorial exploration

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第18期30卷 2387-2390页

作者： Aleksandra Boldys Lukasz Buldak department of Internal medicine and Clinical pharmacology School of Medicine in KatowiceMedical University of SilesiaKatowice 40-752Poland

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),once known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),represents a spectrum of liver disorders characterized by lipid accumulation within *** redefinition of NAFLD in 2023 marked a significant reposition in terminology,emphasizing a broader understanding of liver steatosis and its associated *** is now recognized as a major risk factor for liver cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma,and systemic complications such as cardiovascular diseases or systemic *** challenges arise,particularly in identifying MASLD in lean individuals,necessitating updated diagnostic protocols and investing in non-invasive diagnostic ***,there is an urgent need for effective treatments targeting MASLD,with emerging pharmacological options focusing on,among others,carbohydrate and lipid ***,understanding the roles of bile acid metabolism,the microbiome,and dietary interventions in MASLD pathogenesis and management holds promise for innovative therapeutic *** is a strong need to emphasize the importance of collaborative efforts in understanding,diagnosing,and managing MASLD to improve physicians’approaches and patient outcomes.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Diagnostics Pathophysiology of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Therapy of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Therapeutic innovations