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Garcinia Kola and Kolaviron Attenuates Bisphenol A-Induced Memory Impairment and Hippocampal Neuroinflammation in Male Wistar Rats

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 111-130页

作者： Nazizi Adamu Kayinu Bernard Omokheshi Adele Abayomi Oluwatosin Ige Applied and Environmental physiology Unit Department of Physiology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria department of Physical and Health Education College of Education Akwanga Nigeria

Bisphenol A (BPA), a toxicant which can leach into food from plastic containers, is reported to induce neurotoxicity among others via oxidative mechanisms. However, antioxidant compounds have been suggested to mitigate BPA-induced toxicities. Garcinia kola (GK) and its bioactive compound, kolaviron, are well-established natural antioxidants, which can exert protective effects against BPA-induced toxicities. This study was designed to investigate the likely mitigating effect of GK and kolaviron on BPA-induced memory impairment and hippocampal neuroinflammation in male Wistar rats. Thirty-five rats were equally grouped and treated as follows: I and II received distilled water and corn oil, respectively at 0.2 mL, while III - VII received BPA (50 mg/kg), BPA + GK (200 mg/kg), BPA + kolaviron (200 mg/kg), GK and kolaviron, respectively for 28 days p.o. Thereafter, behavioral studies were done using the Novel Object Recognition and Y maze tests. Subsequently under anaesthesia, the hippocampus in each animal was dissected out, homogenized and analysed for malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, glutathione transferase, nitrites, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, acetylcholinesterase, glutamate acid decarboxylase, and arginase activity. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey Post-hoc test at p p Garcinia kola and Kolaviron mitigate bisphenol A-induced memory impairment and neuroinflammation via antioxidant potentiation and neurotransmitter balance.

关键词： Bisphenol A Memory Impairment Neuroinflammation Neuroprotection Garcinia Kola Kolaviron Antioxidant

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Upregulation of α-ENaC induces pancreatic β-cell dysfunction,ER stress,and SIRT2 degradation

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第3期38卷 241-255页

作者： Xue Zhang Dan Zhang Lei Huo Xin Zhou Jia Zhang Min Li Dongming Su Peng Sun Fang Chen Xiubin Liang department of Pathophysiology Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China department of pathology Nanjing Drum Tower Hospitalthe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsu 210009China Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China department of pathology Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China

Islet beta cells(β-cells)produce insulin in response to high blood glucose levels,which is essential for preserving glucose ***-gated ion channels inβ-cells,including Na+,K+,and Ca2+channels,aid in the release of *** epithelial sodium channel alpha subunit(α-ENaC),a voltage-independent sodium ion channel,is also expressed in human pancreatic endocrine ***,there is no reported study on the function of ENaC in theβ-*** the current study,we found thatα-ENaC was expressed in human pancreatic glandule and pancreatic isletβ-*** the pancreas of db/db mice and high-fat diet-induced mice,and in mouse isletβ-cells(MIN6 cells)treated with palmitate,α-ENaC expression was ***α-ENaC was overexpressed in MIN6 cells,insulin content and glucose-induced insulin secretion were significantly *** the other hand,palmitate injured isletβ-cells and suppressed insulin synthesis and secretion,but increasedα-ENaC expression in MIN6 ***,α-ENaC knockout(Scnn1a−/−)in MIN6 cells attenuatedβ-cell disorder induced by ***,α-ENaC regulated the ubiquitylation and degradation of sirtuin 2 inβ-cells.α-ENaC also modulatedβ-cell function in correlation with the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha/X-box binding protein 1(IRE1α/XBP1)and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase/C/EBP homologous protein(PERK/CHOP)endoplasmic reticulum stress *** results suggest thatα-ENaC may play a novel role in insulin synthesis and secretion in theβ-cells,and the upregulation ofα-ENaC promotes isletβ-cell *** conclusion,α-ENaC may be a key regulator involved in isletβ-cell damage and a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

关键词： α-ENaC pancreaticβ-cells type 2 diabetes mellitus endoplasmic reticulum stress sirtuin 2

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Eubacterium coprostanoligenes alleviates chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by enhancing intestinal mucus barrier

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1677-1692页

作者： Dongsheng Bai Jiawei Zhao Runde Wang Jiaying Du Chen Zhou Chunyang Gu Yuxiang Wang Lulu Zhang Yue Zhao Na Lu State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and InterventionDepartment of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China department of Clinical Pharmacology School of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Chemotherapy-induced mucositis represents a severe adverse outcome of cancer treatment,significantly curtailing the efficacy of these treatments and,in some cases,resulting in fatal *** identifying intestinal epithelial cell damage as a key factor in chemotherapy-induced mucositis,the paucity of effective treatments for such damage is *** our study,we discovered that Eubacterium coprostanoligenes promotes mucin secretion by goblet cells,thereby fortifying the integrity of the intestinal mucus *** enhanced barrier function serves to resist microbial invasion and sub-sequently reduces the inflammatory ***,this effect remains unobtrusive to the anti-tumor efficacy of chemotherapy ***,*** up-regulates the expression of AUF1,leading to the stabilization of Muc2 mRNA and an increase in mucin synthesis in goblet *** espe-cially significant finding is that *** activates the AhR pathway,thereby promoting the expression of *** summary,our results strongly indicate that *** enhances the intestinal mucus barrier,effec-tively alleviating chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by activating the AhR/AUFl pathway,consequently enhancing Muc2 mRNA stability.

关键词： Chemotherapy Mucositis Eubacterium coprostanoligenes MUC2 AUF1

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Epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the bladder and concomitant urothelial carcinoma: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第3期12卷 551-559页

作者： Sami Berk Ozden Muhammed Fatih Simsekoglu Ipek Sertbudak Cetin Demirdag Iclal Gurses Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Cerrahpasa School of Medicine Department of UrologyIstanbul 34100FatihTurkey Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Cerrahpasa School of Medicine Department of PathologyIstanbul 34100FatihTurkey

BACKGROUND Epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor(EMPNST)of the bladder is a rare entity with devastating *** tumors are thought to originate from malignant transformation of pre-existing schwannomas of pelvic autonomic nerve plexuses,and unlike the conventional malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor(MPNST),are not associated with *** tumor has dis-tinctive morphological,immunohistochemical and molecular ***-tionally,it tends to be more aggressive and have a higher *** is the first case that presents with a synchronous urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and the epithelioid variant of MPNST in the ***’s also the second re-ported case of EMPNST originating from the bladder *** SUMMARY In this case report,we present the detailed clinical course of a 71-year-old patient with EMPNST of the bladder alongside a literature *** During the management of EMPNST cases,offering aggressive treatment moda-lities to the patient,such as radical cystectomy,is appropriate for the best chance to contain the disease,regardless of the tumor stage and the extent of local disease at initial diagnosis.

关键词： Epithelioid Peripheral nerve sheath tumor Bladder Case report Urothelial Cystoprostatectomy

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Laparoscopic enucleation for pancreatic lipomatous hamartoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 541-544页

作者： Da-Long Wan Rong-Liang Tong Xin-Yu Tong Chen Hu Qing-Hong Ke Xu Yang Jian Wu department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China department of pathology the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

To the Editor : Pancreatic hamartoma is an extremely rare and benign disease and accounts for less than 1% of all pancreatic tumors [1]. Pancreatic lipomatous hamartoma(PLH), a distinct variant of pancreatic hamartoma, is always easily misdiagnosed as other pancreatic tumors with lipomatous components, including pancreatic lipoma, liposarcoma, teratoma and malignant tumors with fatty degeneration. Here, we report a case of laparoscopic enucleation for the pancreatic head lipomatous hamartoma and provide new treatment strategies for surgeons who encounter similar diseases in the future.

关键词： degeneration Laparoscopic diseases

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miR-125b reverses cisplatin resistance by regulating autophagy via targeting RORA/BNIP3L axis in lung adenocarcinoma

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Oncology Research 2024年第4期32卷 643-658页

作者： LEI LIU NA GUO XIANGLING LI QIAN XU RUILONG HE LIMIN CHENG CHUNYAN DANG XINYU BAI YIYING BAI XIN WANG QIANHUI CHEN LI ZHANG department of Immunology Chengde Medical UniversityChengde067000China department of pathology Chengde Medical UniversityChengde067000China department of Oncology The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical UniversityChengde067000China department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical UniversityChengde067000China

The platinum-based chemotherapy is one of the most frequently used treatment protocols for lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD),and chemoresistance,however,usually results in treatment failure and limits its application in the *** has been shown that microRNAs(miRNAs)play a significant role in tumor *** this study,miR-125b was identified as a specific cisplatin(DDP)-resistant gene in LUAD,as indicated by the bioinformatics analysis and the real-time quantitative PCR *** decreased serum level of miR-125b in LUAD patients was correlated with the poor treatment response rate and short survival ***-125b decreased the A549/DDP proliferation,and the multiple drug resistance-and autophagy-related protein expression levels,which were all reversed by the inhibition of *** addition,xenografts of human tumors in nude mice were suppressed by miR-125b,demonstrating that through autophagy regulation,miR-125b could reverse the DDP resistance in LUAD cells,both in vitro and in *** mechanistic studies indicated that miR-125b directly repressed the expression levels of RORA and its downstream BNIP3L,which in turn inhibited autophagy and reversed *** on these findings,miR-125b in combination with DDP might be an effective treatment option to overcome DDP resistance in LUAD.

关键词： Lung adenocarcinoma miRNAs Cisplatin Resistance Autophagy

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Microglial NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation and therapeutic strategies in depression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1890-1898页

作者： Qiuqin Han Wenhui Li Peiqing Chen Lijuan Wang Xiwen Bao Renyan Huang Guobin Liu Xiaorong Chen department of Scientific Research Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu HospitalShanghaiChina department of Traditional Chinese Vascular Surgery Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina department of physiology Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DiseasesChangzhi Medical CollegeChangzhiShanxi ProvinceChina

Previous studies have demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between inflammation and *** of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain,leucine-rich repeat,and NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasomes is closely related to the pathogenesis of various neurological *** patients with major depressive disorder,NLRP3 inflammasome levels are significantly *** the role that NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation plays in the pathogenesis of depression may be beneficial for future therapeutic *** this review,we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms that lead to the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in depression as well as to provide insight into therapeutic strategies that target the NLRP3 ***,we outlined various therapeutic strategies that target the NLRP3 inflammasome,including NLRP3 inflammatory pathway inhibitors,natural compounds,and other therapeutic compounds that have been shown to be effective in treating ***,we summarized the application of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors in clinical trials related to ***,there is a scarcity of clinical trials dedicated to investigating the applications of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors in depression *** modulation of NLRP3 inflammasomes in microglia holds promise for the management of *** investigations are necessary to ascertain the efficacy and safety of these therapeutic approaches as potential novel antidepressant treatments.

关键词： depression microglia neuroinflammation NLRP3 inflammasome

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Aldo-keto reductases:Role in cancer development and theranostics

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Oncology Research 2024年第8期32卷 1287-1308页

作者： SIDDAVARAM NAGINI PRATHAP REDDY KALLAMADI KRANTHI KIRAN KISHORE TANAGALA GEEREDDY BHANUPRAKASH REDDY World Neem Organization Mumbai400101India department of Biochemistry ICMR-National Institute of NutritionHyderabad500007India department of pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York10032USA

Aldo-keto reductases(AKRs)are a superfamily of enzymes that play crucial roles in various cellular processes,including the metabolism of xenobiotics,steroids,and carbohydrates.A growing body of evidence has unveiled the involvement of AKRs in the development and progression of various *** are aberrantly expressed in a wide range of malignant *** expression of AKRs enables the acquisition of hallmark traits of cancer by activating oncogenic signaling pathways and contributing to *** have emerged as promising oncotherapeutic targets given their pivotal role in cancer development and *** of aldose reductase(AR),either alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs,has evolved as a pragmatic therapeutic option for *** classes of synthetic aldo-keto reductase(AKR)inhibitors have been developed as potential anticancer agents,some of which have shown promise in clinical *** AKR inhibitors from natural sources also exhibit anticancer *** molecule inhibitors targeting speciﬁc AKR isoforms have shown promise in preclinical *** inhibitors disrupt the activation of oncogenic signaling by modulating transcription factors and kinases and sensitizing cancer cells to *** this review,we discuss the physiological functions of human AKRs,the aberrant expression of AKRs in malignancies,the involvement of AKRs in the acquisition of cancer hallmarks,and the role of AKRs in oncogenic signaling,and drug ***,the potential of aldose reductase inhibitors(ARIs)as anticancer drugs is summarized.

关键词： Aldo-keto reductases(AKRs) Aldo-keto reductase(AKR)inhibitors Cancer Drug-resistance Xenobiotics

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Novel insights into autophagy in gastrointestinal pathologies,mechanisms in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and acute liver failure

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第27期30卷 3273-3277页

作者： Tsvetelina Velikova Milena Gulinac Medical Faculty Sofia University St Kliment OhridskiSofia 1407Bulgaria department of General and Clinical pathology Medical University of PlovdivPlovdiv 4002Bulgaria

In this editorial,we comment on three articles published in a recent issue of World Journal of *** is a pressing need for new research on autophagy's role in gastrointestinal(GI)disorders,and also novel insights into some liver conditions,such as metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)and acute liver failure(ALF).Despite advancements,understanding autophagy's intricate mechanisms and implications in these diseases remains ***,MAFLD's pathogenesis,encompassing hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysregulation,require further ***,the mechanisms underlying ALF,a severe hepatic dysfunction,are poorly *** studies exploring the interplay between autophagy and GI disorders,as well as defined mechanisms of MAFLD and ALF,are crucial for identifying therapeutic targets and enhancing diagnostic and treatment strategies to mitigate the global burden of these diseases.

关键词： Gastrointestinal diseases Autophagy Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease High-normal alanine aminotransferase level Silent information regulator sirtuin 1 Acute liver failure

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Endoscopic detection and diagnostic strategies for minute gastric cancer:A real-world observational study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第8期16卷 3529-3538页

作者： Xiao-Wei Ji Jie Lin Yan-Ting Wang Jing-Jing Ruan Jing-Hong Xu Kai Song Jian-Shan Mao department of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina department of pathology The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Minute gastric cancers(MGCs)have a favorable prognosis,but they are too small to be detected by endoscopy,with a maximum diameter≤5 *** To explore endoscopic detection and diagnostic strategies for *** This was a real-world observational *** endoscopic and clinicopathological parameters of 191 MGCs between January 2015 and December 2022 were retrospectively *** discoverable opportunity and typical neoplastic features were emphatically *** All MGCs in our study were of a single pathological type,97.38%(186/191)of which were differentiated-type *** light endoscopy(WLE)detected 84.29%(161/191)of MGCs,and the most common morphology of MGCs found by WLE was ***-band imaging(NBI)secondary observation detected 14.14%(27/191)of MGCs,and the most common morphology of MGCs found by NBI was *** three MGCs were detected by indigo carmine third *** a well-demarcated border lesion exhibited a typical neoplastic color,such as yellowish-red or whitish under WLE and brownish under NBI,MGCs should be *** proportion with high diagnostic confidence by magnifying endoscopy with NBI(ME-NBI)was significantly higher than the proportion with low diagnostic confidence and the only visible groups(94.19%>56.92%>32.50%,P<0.001).CONCLUSION WLE combined with NBI and indigo carmine are helpful for detection of MGCs.A clear demarcation line combined with a typical neoplastic color using nonmagnifying observation is sufficient for diagnosis of *** improves the endoscopic diagnostic confidence of MGCs.

关键词： Minute gastric cancer White light endoscopy Narrow-band imaging endoscopy Indigo carmine Magnifying endoscopy Detection Diagnosis

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