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Establishment of acquired tracheoesophageal fistula using a modified magnetic compression technique in rabbits and its postmodeling evaluation

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1385-1394页

作者： Han Meng Fu-Yao Nan Na Kou Qin-Yan Hong Ming-Sheng Lv Ju-Bo Li Bao-Jie Zhang Hang Zou Lei Li Hong-Wu Wang respiratory Disease Center Dongzhimen HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China The First Clinical Medical College Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100700China department of Animal Experimental Center National Center for CardiovascularFuwai HospitalBeijing 100037China

BACKGROUND Previous studies have validated the efficacy of both magnetic compression and surgical techniques in creating rabbit tracheoesophageal fistula(TEF)*** compression achieves a 100%success rate but requires more time,while surgery,though less frequently successful,offers rapid model establishment and technical maturity in larger animal *** To determine the optimal approach for rabbit disease modeling and refine the *** TEF models were created in 12 rabbits using both the modified magnetic compression technique and *** of the time to model establishment,success rate,food and water intake,weight changes,activity levels,bronchoscopy findings,white blood cell counts,and biopsies were *** response to the failures encountered during modified magnetic compression modeling,we increased the sample size to 15 rabbit models and assessed the repeatability and stability of the models,comparing them with the original magnetic compression *** The modified magnetic compression technique achieved a 66.7%success rate,whereas the success rate of the surgery technique was 33.3%.Surviving surgical rabbits might not meet subsequent experimental requirements due to TEF-related *** the modified magnetic compression group,one rabbit died,possibly due to magnet corrosion,and another died from tracheal magnet *** events occurred during the second round of modified magnetic compression modeling,with one rabbit possibly succumbing to aggravated lung *** operation time of the first round of modified magnetic compression was 3.2±0.6 min,which was significantly reduced to 2.1±0.4 min in the second round,compared to both the first round and that of the original *** The modified magnetic compression technique exhibits lower stress responses,a simple procedure,a high success rate,and lower modeling costs,making it a more appropriate choice for constructing TEF models in

关键词： Tracheoesophageal fistula Modified magnetic compression technique Post-modeling evaluation Pneumonia Malnutrition

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Aryl hydrocarbon receptor:Linking environment to aging process in elderly patients with asthma

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第4期137卷 382-393页

作者： Tianrui Yang Rongjun Wan Wei Tu Sai Nithin Avvaru Peisong Gao Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21224USA department of Geriatric medicine The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunmingYunnan 650032China department of respiratory medicine Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China The State Key Laboratory of respiratory Disease for Allergy Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and ImmunologyShenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhenGuangdong 518055China

Aging is a significant risk factor for various diseases,including asthma,and it often leads to poorer clinical outcomes,particularly in elderly *** is recognized that age-related diseases are due to a time-dependent accumulation of cellular damage,resulting in a progressive decline in cellular and physiological functions and an increased susceptibility to chronic *** effects of aging affect not only the elderly but also those of younger ages,posing significant challenges to global ***,understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with aging in different diseases is *** intriguing factor is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR),which serves as a cytoplasmic receptor and ligand-activated transcription factor and has been linked to the aging ***,we review the literature on several major hallmarks of aging,including mitochondrial dysfunction,cellular senescence,autophagy,mitophagy,epigenetic alterations,and microbiome ***,we provide an overview of the impact of AhR on these hallmarks by mediating responses to environmental exposures,particularly in relation to the immune ***,we explore how aging hallmarks affect clinical characteristics,inflammatory features,exacerbations,and the treatment of *** is suggested that AhR signaling may potentially play a role in regulating asthma phenotypes in elderly populations as part of the aging process.

关键词： Aging Environment Reactive oxygen species Senescence Aryl hydrocarbon receptor Asthma

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SARS-CoV-2 RBD and Its Variants Can Induce Platelet Activation and Clearance:Implications for Antibody Therapy and Vaccinations against COVID-19

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 1-15页

作者： Xiaoying Ma Jady Liang Guangheng Zhu Preeti Bhoria Aron A.Shoara Daniel T.MacKeigan Christopher J.Khoury Sladjana Slavkovicl Lisha Lin Danielle Karakas Ziyan Chen Viktor Prifti Zhenze Liu Chuanbin Shen Yuchong Li Cheng Zhang Jiayu Dou Zack Rousseau Jiamin Zhang Tiffany Ni Xi Lei Pingguo Chen Xiaoyu Wu Hamed Shaykhalishahi Samira Mubareka Kim AConnelly Haibo Zhang Ori Rotstein Heyu Ni department of Laboratory medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada department of Laboratory medicine Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St.Michael’s HospitalTorontoONCanada Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group TorontoONCanada department of Physiology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada CCOA Therapeutics Inc. TorontoONCanada Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation TorontoONCanada The State Key Laboratory of respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory DiseaseThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina department of Laboratory medicine The Second Affliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina Advanced Pharmaceutics&Drug Delivery Laboratory Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Sunnybrook Health Science CentreToronto ONCanada department of medicine University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Division of Cardiology.St.Michael's Hospital TorontoONCanada department of Anesthesiology and Pain medicine and Division of Critical Care medicine University of TorontoTorontoONCanada interdepartmental Division of Critical Care medicine University of TorontoTorontoONCanada department of Surgery University of Toronto TorontoONCanada.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus is an ongoing global health *** cases of COVID-19 and the rare cases of COVID-19 vaccine-induced-thrombotic-thrombocytopenia(VITT)are both associated with thrombosis and thrombocytopenia;however,the underlying mechanisms remain inadequately *** infection and vaccination utilize the spike protein receptor-binding domain(RBD)of *** found that intravenous injection of recombinant RBD caused significant platelet clearance in *** investigation revealed the RBD could bind platelets,cause platelet activation,and potentiate platelet aggregation,which was exacerbated in the Delta and Kappa *** RBD–platelet interaction was partially dependent on theβ3 integrin as binding was significantly reduced inβ3−/−***,RBD binding to human and mouse platelets was significantly reduced with relatedαIIbβ3 antagonists and mutation of the RGD(arginine-glycine-aspartate)integrin binding motif to RGE(arginine-glycine-glutamate).We developed anti-RBD polyclonal and several monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)and identified 4F2 and 4H12 for their potent dual inhibition of RBD-induced platelet activation,aggregation,and clearance in vivo,and SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication in Vero E6 *** data show that the RBD can bind platelets partially thoughαIIbβ3 and induce platelet activation and clearance,which may contribute to thrombosis and thrombocytopenia observed in COVID-19 and *** newly developed mAbs 4F2 and 4H12 have potential not only for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 virus antigen but also importantly for therapy against COVID-19.

关键词： Antibody diagnosis vaccine

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Chinese expert consensus on immunotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer with oncogenic driver mutations(2023 edition)

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第9期137卷 1016-1018页

作者： The Society of Cancer Precision medicine of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association The Lung Cancer Expert Group of Chinese Medical Association Publishing House Baohui Han Hua Zhong 不详 department of respiratory medicine Shanghai Chest HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai JiaoTong UniversityShanghai 20030China Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)with oncogenic driver mutations was previously deemed“forbidden territory”for immunotherapy.[1]With the continuous generation of evidence,immunotherapy is expected to bring hope for such NSCLC with oncogenic driver mutations after acquired tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI)***,given the intricate interplay between driven mutations,targeted therapy,and immune microenvironment,the efcacy of immunotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients with diverse oncogenic driver mutations remains a topic of ongoing *** this context,Chinese Expert Consensus on Immunotherapy for Advanced NSCLC with Oncogenic Driver Mutations(2022 edition)wasrst launched in 2022 by the Society of Cancer Precision medicine of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and the Lung Cancer Expert Group of Chinese Medical Journals,aiming to provide standardized treatment guidance for clinical practice.

关键词： immunotherapy cancer lung

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Metformin promotes anti-tumor immunity in STK11 mutant NSCLC through AXIN1-dependent upregulation of multiple nucleotide metabolites

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Oncology Research 2024年第10期32卷 1637-1648页

作者： ZHIGUO WANG KUNLIN LI CONGHUA LU MINGXIA FENG CAIYU LIN GUOFANG YIN DAN LUO WENYI LIU KAIYU JIN YUANYAO DOU DI WU JIE ZHENG KEJUN ZHANG LI LI XIANMING FAN department of respiratory and Critical Care medicine Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou646000China department of respiratory Disease Daping HospitalArmy Medical University(Third Military Medical University)Chongqing400042China department of Trauma Medical Center Daping HospitalState Key Laboratory of TraumaBurns and Combined InjuryArmy Medical UniversityChongqing400042China department of respiratory Disease People’s Hospital of Xuyong CountyLuzhou646000China department of Outpatients Daping HospitalArmy Medical University(Third Military Medical University)Chongqing400042China

Background:Metformin has pleiotropic effects beyond glucose reduction,including tumor inhibition and immune *** enhanced the anti-tumor effects of programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)inhibitors in serine/threonine kinase 11(STK11)mutant non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)through an axis inhibition protein 1(AXIN1)-dependent ***,the alterations of tumor metabolism and metabolites upon metformin administration remain ***:We performed untargeted metabolomics using liquid chromatography(LC)-mass spectrometry(MS)/MS system and conducted cell experiments to verify the results of bioinformatics ***:According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway database,most metabolites were annotated into metabolism,including nucleotide ***,the differentially expressed metabolites in H460(refers to H460 cells),H460_met(refers to metformin-treated H460 cells),and H460_KO_met(refers to metformin-treated Axin1-/-H460 cells)were distributed into six clusters based on expression *** clusters with a reversed expression pattern upon metformin treatment were selected for further *** screened out metabolic pathways through KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and found that multiple nucleotide metabolites enriched in this pathway were ***,these metabolites enhanced the cytotoxicity of activated T cells on H460 cells in vitro and can activate the stimulator of the interferon genes(STING)pathway independently of ***:Relying on AXIN1,metformin upregulated multiple nucleotide metabolites which promoted STING signaling and the killing of activated T cells in STK11 mutant NSCLC,indicating a potential immunotherapeutic strategy for STK11 mutant NSCLC.

关键词： Metformin Serine/threonine kinase 11(STK11) Lung cancer Axis inhibition protein 1(AXIN1) Nucleotide metabolites

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Impact of inhaled corticosteroid use on elderly chronic pulmonary disease patients with community acquired pneumonia

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第2期137卷 241-243页

作者： Xiudi Han Hong Wang Liang Chen Yimin Wang Hui Li Fei Zhou Xiqian Xing Chunxiao Zhang Lijun Suo Jinxiang Wang Guohua Yu Guangqiang Wang Xuexin Yao Hongxia Yu Lei Wang Meng Liu Chunxue Xue Bo Liu Xiaoli Zhu Yanli Li Ying Xiao Xiaojing Cui Lijuan Li Xuedong Liu Bin Cao department of Pulmonary and Critical Care medicine Qingdao Municipal HospitalQingdaoShandong 266011China department of Nosocomial Infection Qingdao Municipal HospitalQingdaoShandong 266011China department of Infectious Diseases Nanjing Lishui People’s HospitalNanjingJiangsu 211213China department of Pulmonary and Critical Care medicine National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory DiseasesCenter for Respiratory DiseasesChina-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100020China department of respiratory medicine Yan’an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnan 652199China department of respiratory medicine Beijing Huimin HospitalBeijing 100054China department of Pulmonary and Critical Care medicine Zibo Municipal HospitalZiboShandong 255000China department of respiratory medicine Beijing Luhe HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 101149China department of Pulmonary and Critical Care medicine Weifang No.2 People’s HospitalWeifangShandong 261599China department of respiratory medicine Shandong University Affiliated Qilu Hospital(Qingdao)QingdaoShandong 266035China department of respiratory medicine the 2nd Hospital of Beijing CorpsChinese Armed Police ForcesBeijing 100044China department of Infectious Disease Qingdao University Medical College Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding HospitalYantaiShandong 100191China department of respiratory medicine Rizhao Chinese Medical Hospital Affiliated to Shandong Chinese Medical UniversityRizhaoShandong 276800China department of respiratory medicine Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100010China department of Occupational medicine and Toxicology Beijing Chao-Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020China

To the Editor:With an aging global population,the incidences of community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)have signicantly increased.[1]Previous studies have conrmed that COPD and asthma are independently associated with the prevalence of *** use of inhaled corticosteroid(ICS),the cornerstone of treatment for asthma,COPD with frequent acute exacerbations,and asthma-COPD overlap(ACO)may induce changes in the local lung microbiome and abnormal lung immunity,ultimately,causing a signicantly increased risk of ***,in cases of pneumonia,the effect of the use of ICS on CAP mortality remains *** data from one study favored the prior use of ICS,which was associated with a signicantly lower short-term mortality rate,[2]other studies have identied no impact on *** date,data on the impact of the use of ICS on mortality,prehospitalization or during hospitalization,are scarce,particularly in the older ***,this multicenter,retrospective study explored the association between the use of ICS during hospitalization and short-term mortality in older patients with CAP and those with chronic pulmonary disease(CPD).

关键词： pneumonia patients immunity

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Laparoscopic Orchidopexy after 4 Weeks of Testicular Traction with Preservation of Blood Supply: A New Concept for the Treatment of Intra-Abdominal Cryptorchidism: Original Article

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 205-217页

作者： Ntsobe Tobie Eric Haijin Liu Nyanit Bob Dorcas Wei Peng Feng Chen Ndikontar Raymond Kouna Tsala Irene Nadine Qian Liu Surgery department Garoua General Hospital Garoua Cameroon paediatric Surgery department First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College Ganzhou China paediatric Surgery department China Medical University Shenyang China Faculty of medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon paediatric Surgery department Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon China Traditional medicine University Nanchang China

Background: Testicular atrophy is recurrent after orchidopexy for intra-abdominal cryptorchidism due to damage to vessels. Fowlers-Stephens and Shehata methods proposed staged orchidopexy, but are still associated to a rate of atrophy greater than 10%. Purpose: We set out to present a new technique that preserves testicular vessels. Our study is aimed at investigating testicular vitality after surgery. Patients and Method: We reviewed files of boys who underwent orchidopexy for 2 years in our department. Those who have been operated for intra-abdominal cryptorchidism with the new technique and aged between 6 months and 14 years old were included in our study. We excluded boys who have been operated before 6 months and after 14 years old and those who did not respect their follow-up plane. Ultrasound (US) outcomes were used to measure testicular volumes and blood flow at each postoperative visit. The Sample population was divided into group A and group B representing testes that were followed respectively for 12 and 24 months. Results: 22 boys with 25 testes were included in our study;11 testes in group A and 14 testes in group B. In each group, we noted a significant difference of UDT volumes from the third month after surgery with respective P-values 0.05. There was no statistical difference between UDT and contra lateral testes volumes 12 months after surgery in group A and 24 months in group B with respective P-values of 0.07 and 0.72. All volume differential indexes were Conclusion: This method offers a new perspective in performing safe orchidopexy for intra abdominal undescended testes.

关键词： Laparoscopy Staged-Orchidopexy Testicar Traction Testicular Atrophy

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Breast Cancer in a Supernumerary Breast at the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and paediatric Hospital: About a Case

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2024年第3期13卷 43-48页

作者： Michel Auguste Mouelle Sarah Gaëlle Adiang Esther Meka Isidore Tompeen Christelle Djapa Claude Hector Mbia Yann Eng Julius Sama Dohbit Zacharie Sando Oncology department of the Yaound Gynaeco-Obstetric and paediatric Hospital Yaound Cameroon Faculty of medicine and Biomedical Sciences of Yaound University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of the Yaound Gynaeco-Obstetric and paediatric Hospital Yaound Cameroon Radiology and Medical Imaging department of the Yaound Gynaeco-Obstetric and paediatric Hospital Yaound Cameroon Pathology department of the Yaound Gynaeco-Obstetric and paediatric Hospital Yaound Cameroon

Accessory or ectopic breast tissue is an anomaly in the development of the breast. It is a rare condition that occurs along the embryological mammary line. In less than 1% of all breast cancers, supernumerary breast cancer is reported, with the axillary location being the most common in 60% to 90% of cases. Cancerous degeneration of this supernumerary breast tissue can pose a dual diagnostic and therapeutic problem. We report the case of locally advanced adenocarcinoma in a right supernumerary breast. This is a 75-year-old, grand-multiparous, postmenopausal, and known hypertensive patient on treatment. Family history was remarkable for brain cancer in her sister and oesophageal cancer in her mother. She consulted for a mass in the right axillary cavity on supernumerary breast evolving for a year. Clinical examination revealed a large, fixed, budding and haemorrhagic-ulcerated mass of the right axilla, with long axis measuring about 15 cm. There was as wella supernumerary breast on the left, but without particularity. A soft tissue ultrasound showed a large hypoechoicmass in the right axillary region of 116 mm with areas of central necrobiosis. Morphologically, the breasts were normal. A breast MRI revealed a subcutaneous mass in the right axillary cavity with skin ulceration and satellite lymphadenopathy. The extension assessment revealed liver metastases, and a biopsy of the mass revealed a breast adenocarcinoma. The case was the subject of a multidisciplinary consultation meeting following which a wide excision of the mass was indicated. The histo-pathology analysis results of the surgical specimen were in favour of a triple negative papillary adenocarcinoma. After a post-operative multidisciplinary consultation meeting, adjuvant chemotherapy was indicated. The development of supernumerary breasts depends on hormones, just like normal breasts. Breast cancer in accessory breast tissue is quite rare with the incidence being 6%. The most common pathology is invasive

关键词： Adjuvant Chemotherapy Papillary Adenocarcinoma Surgery Supernumerary Breast Treatment of Supernumerary Breast Cancer

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Efficacy and Safety of Bufei Jiedu Granules in Treating Multidrug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis:A Multi-center,Double-Blinded and Randomized Controlled Trial

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Chinese Journal of Integrative medicine 2024年第7期30卷 579-587页

作者： ZHANG Shao-yan QIU Lei ZHANG Shun-xian XIAO He-ping CHU Nai-hui ZHANG Xia ZHANG Hui-qiang ZHENG Pei-yong ZHANG Hui-yong LU Zhen-hui Institute of respiratory Diseases Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China Clinical Research Center Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China department of Tuberculosis Shanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji UniversityShanghai200433China department of Tuberculosis Beijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing101100China department of Tuberculosis the Second Hospital of NanjingNanjing210003China department of Tuberculosis the First Hospital Affiliated to Xinxiang Medical CollegeXinxiangHenan Province453100China

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of Bufei Jiedu(BFJD) Granules as adjuvant therapy for patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis(MDR-PTB). Methods: A large-scale, multi-center, double-blinded, and randomized controlled trial was conducted in 18 sentinel hospitals in China from December 2012 to December 2016. A total of 312 MDR-PTB patients were randomly assigned to BFJD Granules or placebo groups(1:1) using a stratified randomization method, which both received the long-course chemotherapy regimen for 18 months(6 Am-Lfx-P-Z-Pto, 12 Lfx-P-Z-Pto). Meanwhile, patients in both groups also received BFJD Granules or placebo twice a day for a total of 18 months, respectively. The primary outcome was cure rate. The secondary outcomes included time to sputum-culture conversion, changes in lung cavities and quality of life(QoL) of patients. Adverse reactions were monitored during and after the trial. Results: A total of 216 cases completed the trial, 111 in the BFJD Granules group and 105 in the placebo group. BFJD Granules, as adjuvant treatment, increased the cure rate by 13.6% at the end of treatment, compared with the placebo(58.4% vs. 44.8%, P=0.02), and accelerated the median time to sputum-culture conversion(5 months vs. 11 months). The cavity closure rate of the BFJD Granules group(50.6%, 43/85) was higher than that of the placebo group(32.1%, 26/81;P=0.02) in patients who completed the treatment. At the end of the intensive treatment, according to the 36-item Short Form, the BFJD Granules significantly improved physical functioning, general health, and vitality of patients relative to the placebo group(all P<0.01). Overall, the death rates in the two groups were not significantly different;5.1%(8/156) in the BFJD Granules group and 2.6%(4/156) in the placebo group. Conclusions: Supplementing BFJD Granules with the long-course chemotherapy regimen significantly increased the cure rate and cavity closure rate, and rapidly improved QoL of pati

关键词： alternative medicine Chinese herbal formula Bufei Jiedu Granules multidrug-resistant tuberculosis long-course chemotherapy regimen randomized controlled trial

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EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring CDK4 amplification show favorable response to afatinib:Two case reports

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第12期137卷 1465-1467页

作者： Shuting Zhan Bo Cheng Xiwen Liu Jianfu Li Ge Bai Qi Cai Huiting Wang Yang Xiang Chunyan Li Jianxing He Wenhua Liang department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University&Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease&National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhouGuangdong 510120China National Center for respiratory medicine State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health&The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510120China Southern Medical University GuangzhouGuangdong 510120China department of respiratory and Critical Care medicine The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523108China

To the Editor:Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs)show significant efficacy in patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)with sensitive EGFR mutations and significantly prolong the survival of these ***,drug resistance emerges in most *** studies indicated that cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6(CDK4/6)gene amplification was one of the resistance mechanisms of the EGFR-TKI osimertinib,weakening its *** options for EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with CDK4 amplification are limited to add CDK4 inhibitors.

关键词： CDK4 NSCLC EGFR

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