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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1802-1811页

作者： Fudong Li Xiaofei Sun Kaiqiang Sun Fanqi Kong Xin Jiang Qingjie Kong department of orthopedics Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina department of orthopedic surgery Spine CenterShanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina department of orthopedic surgery Naval Medical CenterNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina department of Anesthesiology Shanghai Changzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina

Spinal cord injury-induced motor dysfunction is associated with *** have shown that the triterpenoid lupenone,a natural product found in various plants,has a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect in the context of chronic ***,the effects of lupenone on acute inflammation induced by spinal cord injury remain *** this study,we established an impact-induced mouse model of spinal cord injury,and then treated the injured mice with lupenone(8 mg/kg,twice a day)by intrape ritoneal *** also treated BV2 cells with lipopolysaccharide and adenosine5’-triphosphate to simulate the inflammatory response after spinal cord *** res ults showed that lupenone reduced IKBa activation and p65 nuclear translocation,inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome function by modulating nuclear factor kappa B,and enhanced the conve rsion of proinflammatory M1 mic roglial cells into anti-inflammatory M2 microglial ***,lupenone decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation,NLRP3-induced mic roglial cell polarization,and microglia pyroptosis by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B *** findings suggest that lupenone protects against spinal cord injury by inhibiting inflammasomes.

关键词： inflammasome inflammation lupenone microglia polarization pyroptosis spinal cord injury

Skeletal interoception in osteoarthritis

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Bone Research 2024年第2期12卷 241-254页

作者： Dinglong Yang Jiawen Xu Ke Xu Peng Xu department of Joint surgery Honghui HospitalXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054China department of orthopedic surgery and orthopedic Research Institute West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

The interoception maintains proper physiological conditions and metabolic homeostasis by releasing regulatory signals after perceving changes in the internal state of the *** its various forms,skeletal interoception specifically regulates the metabolic homeostasis of ***(OA)is a complex joint disorder involving cartilage,subchondral bone,and *** subchondral bone undergoes continuous remodeling to adapt to dynamic joint *** findings highlight that skeletal interoception mediated by aberrant mechanical loads contributes to pathological remodeling of the subchondral bone,resulting in subchondral bone sclerosis in *** skeletal interoception is also a potential mechanism for chronic synovial inflammation in *** this review,we offer a general overview of interoception,specifically skeletal interoception,subchondral bone microenviroment and the aberrant subchondral *** also discuss the role of skeletal interoception in abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and synovial inflammation in OA,as well as the potential prospects and challenges in exploring novel OA therapies that target skeletal interoception.

关键词： homeostasis inflammation releasing

Hydroxyapatite/palmitic acid superhydrophobic composite coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy with both corrosion resistance and bacterial inhibition

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2024年第1期18卷 71-83页

作者： Hang Zhang Shu Cai Huanlin Zhang Lei Ling You Zuo Hao Tian Tengfei Meng Guohua Xu Xiaogang Bao Mintao Xue Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China department of orthopedic surgery Spine CenterChangzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200003China

The coating-modified magnesium(Mg)alloys exhibit controllable corrosion resistance,but the insufficient antibacterial performance limits their clinical applications as degradable *** coatings show excellent performance in terms of both corrosion resistance and inhibition of bacterial adhesion and *** this work,a hydroxyapatite(HA)/palmitic acid(PA)superhydrophobic composite coating was fabricated on the Mg alloy by the hydrothermal technique and immersion *** HA/PA composite coating showed superhydrophobicity with a contact angle of 153°and a sliding angle of 2°.The coated Mg alloy exhibited excellent corrosion resistance in the simulated body fluid,with high polarization resistance(77.10 kΩ·cm^(2))and low corrosion current density((0.491±0.015)μA·cm^(-2)).Meanwhile,the antibacterial efficiency of the composite coating was over 98% against *** and *** in different *** results indicate that the construction of such superhydrophobic composite coating(HA/PA)on the Mg alloy can greatly improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloy implants within the human body and avoid bacterial infection during the initial stages of implantation.

关键词： superhydrophobic coating hydroxyapatite corrosion resistance antibacterial

Regenerative medicine strategies for chronic complete spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 818-824页

作者： Shogo Hashimoto Narihito Nagoshi Masaya Nakamura Hideyuki Okano department of orthopedic surgery Keio University School of Medicine department of Physiology Keio University School of Medicine

Spinal cord injury is a condition in which the parenchyma of the spinal cord is damaged by trauma or various *** rapid progress has been made in regenerative medicine for spinal cord injury that was previously untreatable,most research in this field has focused on the early phase of incomplete ***,the majority of patients have chronic severe injuries;therefore,treatments for these situations are of fundamental *** reason why the treatment of complete spinal cord injury has not been studied is that,unlike in the early stage of incomplete spinal cord injury,there are various inhibitors of neural ***,we assumed that it is difficult to address all conditions with a single treatment in chronic complete spinal cord injury and that a combination of several treatments is essential to target severe ***,we established a combination therapy of cell transplantation and drug-releasing scaffolds,which contributes to functional recovery after chronic complete transection spinal cord injury,but we found that functional recovery was limited and still needs further ***,for the further development of the treatment of chronic complete spinal cord injury,we review the necessary approaches to the different pathologies based on our findings and the many studies that have been accumulated to date and discuss,with reference to the literature,which combination of treatments is most effective in achieving functional recovery.

关键词： cell transplantation chronic phase complete transection regenerative medicine spinal cord injury

The emerging role of tranexamic acid and its principal target,plasminogen,in skeletal health

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 2869-2884页

作者： Weixin Xie Antonia Donat Shan Jiang Anke Baranowsky Johannes Keller department of Trauma and orthopedic surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg 20246Germany

The worldwide burden of skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis,degenerative joint disease and impaired fracture healing is steadily *** acid(TXA),a plasminogen inhibitor and anti-fibrinolytic agent,is used to reduce bleeding with high effectiveness and safety in major surgical *** its widespread clinical application,the effects of TXA beyond anti-fibrinolysis have been noticed and prompted renewed interest in its *** clinical trials have characterized the effects of TXA on reducing postoperative infection rates and regulating immune responses in patients undergoing ***,several animal studies suggest potential therapeutic effects of TXA on skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis and fracture *** a direct effect of TXA on the differentiation and function of bone cells in vitro was shown,few mechanisms of action have been ***,we summarize recent findings of the effects of TXA on skeletal diseases and discuss the underlying plasminogen-dependent and-independent mechanisms related to bone metabolism and the immune *** furthermore discuss potential novel indications for TXA application as a treatment strategy for skeletal diseases.

关键词： Tranexamic acid Osteoporosis Osteoarthritis Fracture healing Bone metabolism Inflammation Plasminogen Fibrinolysis

Extracellular vesicles for neural regeneration after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 491-492页

作者： Young-Ju Lim Wook-Tae Park Gun Woo Lee department of orthopedic surgery Yeungnam University Medical CenterYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguKorea

What is spinal cord injury:Spinal cord injury(SCI)is the damage to the structure of the bundles of cells and nerves that communicate signals from the brain to the body and *** pathology of SCI includes both primary and secondary injuries(Morales et al.,2016).Physical forces such as compression,shearing,contusion,and tearing are major causes of primary injury in *** are two main processes in primary injury:acute and *** acute phase includes traumatic disruption of axons and hemorrhage of the blood vessels around the spinal *** injury to the vessels can lead to increased edema within the neural and cord tissues,susceptibility to infiltration by microglia and astrocytes,excitotoxicity,and ***,disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier results in the release of inflammatory cytokines from specific cells and vessels.

关键词： acute injuries nerves

Smoking cessation prior to elective total joint arthroplasty results in sustained abstinence postoperatively

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World Journal of orthopedics 2024年第7期15卷 627-634页

作者： Billy Insup Kim Jeffrey O'Donnell Colleen M Wixted Thorsten Markus Seyler William A Jiranek Michael Paul Bolognesi Sean Patrick Ryan department of orthopedic surgery Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY 10021United States department of orthopedic surgery New York UniversityNew YorkNY 10003United States department of orthopedic surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27560United States

BACKGROUND Tobacco use is a well-documented modifiable risk factor for perioperative *** To determine the tobacco abstinence rates of patients who made cessation efforts prior to a total joint arthroplasty(TJA)*** A retrospective evaluation was performed on 88 self-reported tobacco users who underwent TJA between 2014-2022 and had tobacco cessation dates within 3 mo of *** patients were contacted via phone survey to understand their tobacco use pattern,and patient reported outcomes.A total of 37 TJA patients *** Our cohort was on average 61-years-old,60%(n=22)women,with an average body mass index of 30 kg/m^(2).The average follow-up time was 2.9±1.9 years.A total of 73.0%(n=27)of patients endorsed complete abstinence from tobacco use prior to *** cessation methods were used perioperatively including prescription therapy(13.5%),over the counter nicotine replacement(18.9%),cessation programs(5.4%).At final follow up,43.2%(n=16)of prior tobacco smokers reported complete *** who were able to maintain cessation postoperatively had improved Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System(PROMIS)-10 mental health scores(49 vs 58;P=0.01),and hip dysfunction and osteoarthritis outcome score for joint replacement(***)scores(63 vs 82;P=0.02).No patients in this cohort had a prosthetic joint infection or required revision *** We report a tobacco cessation rate of 43.2%in patients undergoing elective TJA nearly 3 years *** undergoing TJA who were able to remain abstinent had improved PROMIS-10 mental health scores and *** *** perioperative period provides clinicians a unique opportunity to assist active tobacco smokers with cessation efforts and improve postoperative outcomes.

关键词： Smoking cessation Total joint arthroplasty Outcomes Tobacco use Postoperative abstinence

Congenital absence of the lateral meniscus:A case report

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World Journal of orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 477-482页

作者： Hamad Ali Alkhunayfir Abdulaziz Ali AlQahtani Abdulrahman Jalwi Korkoman department of orthopedic surgery Prince Muhammed bin Abdulaziz HospitalRiyadh 61422Saudi Arabia department of orthopedic surgery Prince Sultan Military Medical CityRiyadh 12233Saudi Arabia department of orthopedic surgery University of BishaBisha 67714Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Congenital absence of the menisci is a rare anatomical variation characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of one or both menisci in the knee *** menisci are crucial in load distribution,joint stability,and shock *** the clinical presentation,diagnosis,and management of this condition is important for optimal patient *** SUMMARY A 27-year-old male with a long-standing history of knee pain underwent diagnostic arthroscopy,revealing a congenital absence of the *** patient's clinical findings,imaging results,surgical procedures,and pertinent images are *** case presents a unique aspect with the congenital absence of the meniscus,contributing valuable insights to the literature on rare anatomical *** This case of congenital absence of the menisci highlights the diagnostic challenges posed by rare *** diagnostic arthroscopy played a crucial role in identifying the absence of the meniscus and providing an explanation for the patient's persistent knee *** case underscores the importance of individualized treatment approaches,including physical therapy,for optimal management of rare meniscal *** research is warranted to explore effective management strategies for the aforementioned cases and to expand our knowledge of these rare conditions.

关键词： Lateral meniscus Arthroscopy Knee joint Menisci reformation Magnetic resonance imaging Case report

Complication rates after direct anterior vs posterior approach for hip hemiarthroplasty in elderly individuals with femoral neck fractures

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World Journal of orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 22-29页

作者： Tatiana Charles Nicolas Bloemers Bilal Kapanci Marc Jayankura department of orthopedic surgery and Traumatology HUB-Hospital ErasmeBrussels 1070Belgium

BACKGROUND Dislocation rates after hemiarthroplasty reportedly vary from 1%to 17%.This serious complication is associated with increased morbidity and mortality *** to this surgery are still debated,with no consensus regarding the superiority of any single *** To compare early postoperative complications after implementing the direct anterior and posterior approaches(PL)for hip hemiarthroplasty after femoral neck *** This is a comparative,retrospective,single-center cohort study conducted at a university *** March 2008 and December 2018,273 patients(a total of 280 hips)underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasties(n=280)for displaced femoral neck fractures using either the PL(n=171)or the minimally invasive direct anterior approach(DAA)(n=109).The choice of approach was related to the surgeons’practices;the implant types were similar and unrelated to the *** rates and other complications were reviewed after a minimum followup of 6 *** Both treatment groups had similarly aged patients(mean age:82 years),sex ratios,patient body mass indexes,and patient *** data(surgery delay time,operative time,and blood loss volume)did not differ significantly between the *** 30 d mortality rate was higher in the PL group(9.9%)than in the DAA group(3.7%),but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.052).Among the one-month survivors,a significantly higher rate of dislocation was observed in the PL group(14/154;9.1%)than in the DAA group(0/105;0%)(P=0.002).Of the 14 patients with dislocation,8 underwent revision surgery for recurrent instability(posterior group),and one of them had 2 additional procedures due to a deep *** rate of other complications(e.g.,perioperative and early postoperative periprosthetic fractures and infection-related complications)did not differ significantly between the *** These findings suggest that the DAA to bipolar hemiarthroplasty f

关键词： Hemiarthroplasty Femoral neck fracture Direct anterior approach Posterior approach Dislocation Mortality

Conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells treats spinal cord injury by inhibiting microglial pyroptosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1105-1111页

作者： Tao Liu Ziqian Ma Liang Liu Yilun Pei Qichao Wu Songjie Xu Yadong Liu Nan Ding Yun Guan Yan Zhang Xueming Chen department of orthopedic surgery Beijing Luhe HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of orthopedic surgery Beijing Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of Stomatology Beijing Luhe HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine School of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA department of Neurological surgery School of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

Human dental pulp stem cell transplantation has been shown to be an effective therapeutic strategy for spinal cord ***,whether the human dental pulp stem cell secretome can contribute to functional recovery after spinal cord injury remains *** the present study,we established a rat model of spinal cord injury based on impact injury from a dropped weight and then intraperitoneally injected the rats with conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem *** found that the conditioned medium effectively promoted the recovery of sensory and motor functions in rats with spinal cord injury,decreased expression of the microglial pyroptosis markers NLRP3,GSDMD,caspase-1,and interleukin-1β,promoted axonal and myelin regeneration,and inhibited the formation of glial *** addition,in a lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglia model,conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells protected cells from pyroptosis by inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1/interleukin-1β*** results indicate that conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells can reduce microglial pyroptosis by inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1/interleukin-1βpathway,thereby promoting the recovery of neurological function after spinal cord ***,conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells may become an alternative therapy for spinal cord injury.

关键词： BV2 conditioned medium dental pulp stem cells GSDMD microglia neuroinflammation NLRP3 pyroptosis spinal cord injury