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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第5期26卷 47-55页

作者：李宜霖廖晖周海洋孙玄 department of Plasma Physics and Fusion engineering School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People’s Republic of China

Field reversed configuration(FRC)is widely considered as an ideal target plasma for magnetoinertial ***,its confinement and stability,both proportional to the radius,will deteriorate inevitably during radial ***,we propose a new fusion approach based on axial compression of a large-sized *** axial compression can be made by plasma jets or plasmoids converging onto the axial ends of the *** parameter space that can reach the ignition condition while preserving the FRC's overall quality is studied using a numerical model based on different FRC confinement *** is found that ignition is possible for a large FRC that can be achieved with the current FRC formation techniques if compression ratio is greater than 50.A more realistic compression is to combine axial with moderate radial compression,which is also presented and calculated in this work.

关键词： field reversed configuration magnetized target fusion axial compression

Trial application of the envelope method to the potential ambiguity problem

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nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 73-80页

作者： Li-Yuan Hu Yu-Shou Song Fundamental science on nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China College of nuclear science and Technology Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China Key Laboratory of nuclear Safety and Advanced nuclear Energy Technology Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyHarbin 150001China

The optical potential ambiguity is a long-standing problem in the analysis of elastic scattering *** a specific collid-ing system,ambiguous potential families can lead to different behaviors in the nearside and farside scattering *** contrast,the envelope method can decompose the experimental data into two components with negative and positive deflection angles,***,a question arises as to whether the comparison between the calculated nearside(or farside)component and the derived positive-deflection-angle(or negative-deflection-angle)component can help analyze the potential ambiguity *** this study,we conducted a trial application of the envelope method to the potential ambiguity *** envelope method was improved by including uncertainties in the experimental *** colliding systems of 16O+28Si at 215.2 MeV and 12C+12C at 1016 MeV were considered in the *** each colliding system,the angular distribution experimental data were described nearly equally well by two potential sets,one of which is“surface transpar-ent”and the other is *** calculated angular distributions were decomposed into nearside and farside scattering *** the improved envelope method,the experimental data were decomposed into the positive-deflection-angle and negative-deflection-angle components,which were then compared with the calculated nearside and farside *** capability of the envelope method to analyze the potential ambiguities was also discussed.

关键词： Elastic scattering Optical potential ambiguities Envelope method Nearside/farside decomposition

An efficient parallel algorithm of variational nodal method for heterogeneous neutron transport problems

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nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 29-45页

作者： Han Yin Xiao-Jing Liu Teng-Fei Zhang School of nuclear science and engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 2002040China

The heterogeneous variational nodal method(HVNM)has emerged as a potential approach for solving high-fidelity neutron transport ***,achieving accurate results with HVNM in large-scale problems using high-fidelity models has been challenging due to the prohibitive computational *** paper presents an efficient parallel algorithm tailored for HVNM based on the Message Passing Interface *** algorithm evenly distributes the response matrix sets among processors during the matrix formation process,thus enabling independent construction without *** the formation tasks are completed,a collective operation merges and shares the matrix sets among the *** the solution process,the problem domain is decomposed into subdomains assigned to specific processors,and the red-black Gauss-Seidel iteration is employed within each subdomain to solve the response matrix ***-to-point communication is conducted between adjacent subdomains to exchange data along the *** accuracy and efficiency of the parallel algorithm are verified using the KAIST and JRR-3 test *** results obtained with multiple processors agree well with those obtained from Monte Carlo *** parallelization of HVNM results in eigenvalue errors of 31 pcm/-90 pcm and fission rate RMS errors of 1.22%/0.66%,respectively,for the 3D KAIST problem and the 3D JRR-3 *** addition,the parallel algorithm significantly reduces computation time,with an efficiency of 68.51% using 36 processors in the KAIST problem and 77.14% using 144 processors in the JRR-3 problem.

关键词： Neutron transport Variational nodal method Parallelization KAIST JRR-3

Thermal stability of the Cr-coated zirconium alloy microstructure prepared by pulsed laser deposition

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 333-341页

作者： Bo Li Hui-Long Yang Reuben Holmes Li-Juan Cui Sho Kano Hiroaki Abe department of nuclear engineering and Management The University of TokyoTokyo 113-8656Japan School of nuclear science and engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China nuclear Professional School The University of TokyoIbaraki 319-1188Japan

Cr-coated zirconium alloy was prepared by pulsed laser deposition(PLD)for the application of accident-tolerant fuel cladding in light water *** microstructural characteristics of the Cr coating and its evolution with temperature were investigated using grazing incidence X-ray diff raction and in situ heating transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Results show that the microstructure of the laser-deposited Cr coatings consists mainly of fine and non-specific shaped nano-crystals in the inner layer and columnar crystals in the outer *** recrystallization of the Cr-coating layer starts at 300–400℃ to release the high strain introduced by PLD,and the grain coalescence starts at temperatures>400°*** annealing,the(110)-texture gradually intensifi es because of its high reticular density and low close-packed ***,in situ heating TEM observation shows the presence of cavities on the Cr–Zr interface,which may result from the interdiff usion and/or the transformation from amorphous to crystalline.

关键词： Accident tolerant fuel Crcoating Interface Microstructure Pulsed laser deposition

Enhanced termination of zinc and cadmium ions from wastewater employing plain and chitosan-modified mxenes: synthesis, characterization,and adsorption performance

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Green Chemical engineering 2024年第3期5卷 339-347页

作者： Njood R.Azeez Suhaib S.Salih Mohammed Kadhom Harith N.Mohammed Tushar K.Ghosh department of Chemical engineering College of Engineering University of Tikrit department of Environmental science College of Energy and Environmental Science Al-Karkh University of Science department of nuclear science & engineering Institute University of Missouri-Columbia

Zinc and cadmium pollutants cause a significant environmental effect that cannot be ignored. Due to their considerable amount in an aqueous environment, industries are seeking suitable adsorbents that are environmentally friendly and inexpensive for removing metals from wastewater before disposing of them in surface waters. This research employed original MXene(MX) and chitosan-modified MXene(CSMX) to extract zinc(Zn(Ⅱ)) and cadmium(Cd(Ⅱ)) metal ions from water-based solutions. The composite material produced was analyzed using techniques such as X-ray Diffraction(XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET). The effects of contact duration, p H of the solution, and initial concentration of metal ions on the adsorption process of Zn(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) onto both MX and CSMX composites were investigated. MX and prepared CSMX composite presented a high adsorption capacity for both studied heavy metals, which were 91.55 and 73.82 mg/g for Zn(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) onto MX, 106.84 and 93.07 mg/g for Cd(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) onto CSMX composite, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum competitive adsorption capacities for Zn(Ⅱ) onto MX and CSMX composites are 77.29 and 93.47 mg/g, and for are Cd(Ⅱ)60.30 and 79.66 mg/g, respectively. Hence, the removal capacities for both single and competitive metal ions were superior to CSMX composite. However, the adsorption capacities after five successive regeneration sequences were only dropped by 13.2% for Zn(Ⅱ) and 17.4% for Cd(Ⅱ) onto the CSMX composite compared to the first cycle. These results confirm that both metals could be efficiently terminated from wastewater, which makes the prepared CSMX composite a favorable candidate adsorbent in practical applications.

关键词： Adsorption Chitosan MXene Zn(II) Cd(II) Wastewater

Unraveling electrolyte solvation architectures for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

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science China(Technological sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 958-964页

作者： YANG MengHao SHI Zhe HE ZhiYuan WANG Dan School of Materials science and engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China department of nuclear science and engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMassachuseis 02139USA School of Materials science and engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The design of advanced electrolytes hinges critically on a comprehensive comprehension of lithium-ion migration mechanisms within these electrochemical systems. Fluorination generally improves the stability and reduces the reactivity of organic compounds, making them potentially suitable for use in harsh conditions such as those found in a battery electrolyte. However,the specific properties, such as the solvation power, diffusivity, ion mobility, and so forth, would depend on the exact nature and extent of the fluorination. In this work, we introduce a theoretical framework designed to facilitate the autonomous creation of electrolyte molecular structures and craft methodologies to compute transport coefficients, providing a physical interpretation of fluoride systems. Taking fluorinated-1,2-diethoxyethanes as electrolyte solvents, we present and analyze the relationship between the electronic properties and atomic structures, and further correlate these properties to the transport coefficients, resulting in a good alignment with the experimental diffusion behaviors and Li-solvation structures. The insights derived from this research contribute to the methodological basis for high-throughput evaluation of prospective electrolyte systems, and consequently, propose strategic directions for the improvement of electrochemical cycle characteristics. This comprehensive exploration of the transport mechanisms enhances our understanding, offering avenues for further advancements in the field of lithium-ion battery technology.

关键词： Unraveling electrolyte solvation architectures for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

High-resolution neutronics model for ^(238)Pu production in high-flux reactors

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nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 226-236页

作者： Qing-Quan Pan Qing-Fei Zhao Lian-Jie Wang Bang-Yang Xia Yun Cai Jin-Biao Xiong Xiao-Jing Liu School of nuclear science and engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of ChinaChengdu 610200China

We proposed and compared three methods(filter burnup,single energy burnup,and burnup extremum analysis)to build a high-resolution neutronics model for 238Pu production in high-flux *** filter burnup and single energy burnup methods have no theoretical approximation and can achieve a spectrum resolution of up to~1 eV,thereby constructing the importance curve and yield curve of the full energy *** burnup extreme analysis method combines the importance and yield curves to consider the influence of irradiation time on production efficiency,thereby constructing extreme *** three curves,which quantify the transmutation rate of the nuclei in each energy region,are of physical significance because they have similar distributions.A high-resolution neutronics model for ^(238)Pu production was established based on these three curves,and its universality and feasibility were *** neutronics model can guide the neutron spectrum optimization and improve the yield of ^(238)Pu by up to 18.81%.The neutronics model revealed the law of nuclei transmutation in all energy regions with high spectrum resolution,thus providing theoretical support for high-flux reactor design and irradiation production of ^(238)Pu.

关键词： ^(238)Pu Neutronics model High-flux reactor Spectrum resolution Spectrum optimization

Development of CONTHAC-3D and hydrogen distribution analysis of HPR1000

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nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 210-221页

作者： Hui Wang Jing-Jing Li Yuan Chang Gong-Lin Li Ming Ding China nuclear Power engineering Co.LTD. Beijing 100084China Fundamental science on nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory Harbin 100049China

An in-house code,CONTHAC-3D,was developed to calculate and analyze thermal-hydraulic phenomena in containments during severe ***-3D is a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics code that can be applied to predict gas flow,diffusion,and steam condensation in a containment during a severe hypothetical accident,as well as to obtain an estimate of the local hydrogen concentration in various zones of the ***-3D was developed using multiple models to simulate the features of the proprietary systems and equipment of HPR1000 and ACP100,such as the passive cooling system,passive autocatalytic recombiners and the passive air cooling *** validate CONTHAC-3D,a GX6 test was performed at the Battelle Model Containment *** hydrogen concentration and temperature monitored by the GX6 test are accurately predicted by ***,the hydrogen distribution in the HPR1000 containment during a severe accident was *** results show that the hydrogen removal rates calculated using CONTHAC-3D for different types of PARs agree well with the theoretical values,with an error of less than 1%.As the accident progresses,the hydrogen concentration in the lower compartment becomes higher than that in the large space,which implies that the lower compartment has a higher hydrogen risk than the dome and large space at a later stage of the *** amount of hydrogen removed by the PARs placed on the floor of the compartment is small;therefore,raising the installation height of these recombiners appropriately is ***,we do not recommend installing all autocatalytic recombiners at high *** study findings in regard to the hydrogen distribution in the HPR1000 containment indicate that CONTHAC-3D can be applied to the study of hydrogen risk containment.

关键词： Hydrogen risk mitigation Pressurized water reactor HPR1000 Thermal hydraulic CONTHAC-3D

Control system design for a pressure-tube-type supercritical water-cooled nuclear reactor via a higher order sliding mode method

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nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 145-154页

作者： M.Hajipour G.R.Ansarifar department of nuclear engineering Faculty of PhysicsUniversity of IsfahanIsfahan 81746-73441Iran

nuclear power plants exhibit non-linear and time-variable ***,designing a control system that sets the reactor power and forces it to follow the desired load is complicated.A supercritical water reactor(SCWR)is a fourth-generation conceptual *** an SCWR,the non-linear dynamics of the reactor require a controller capable of control-ling the *** this study,a pressure-tube-type SCWR was controlled during reactor power maneuvering with a higher order sliding mode,and the reactor outgoing steam temperature and pressure were controlled *** an SCWR,the temperature,pressure,and power must be maintained at a setpoint(desired value)during power *** point kinetics equations with three groups of delayed neutrons were used in the ***-order and classic sliding mode controllers were separately manufactured to control the plant and were compared with the PI controllers speci-fied in previous *** controlled parameters were reactor power,steam temperature,and ***,for these parameters,the PI controller had certain instabilities in the presence of *** classic sliding mode controller had a higher accuracy and stability;however its main drawback was the chattering *** was highly accurate and stable and had a small computational *** reality,it followed the desired values without oscillations and chattering.

关键词： Supercritical water nuclear reactor Higher order sliding mode controller Steam temperature Steam pressure Point kinetics model

Intrinsic lithiophilic carbon host derived from bacterial cellulose nanofiber for dendrite-free and long-life lithium metal anode

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4203-4210页

作者： Gangyi Xiong Jiayu Yu Yalan Xing Puheng Yang Shichao Zhang School of Materials science and engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Physics science and nuclear Energy engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Although lithium metal is considered a promising anode for advanced Li-S and Li-air batteries,the uncontrolled dendrite growth and infinite volume change impede its practical ***,we report an ideal framework composed of carbonized bacterial cellulose(CBC)nanofibers,which shows intrinsic lithiophilicity to molten lithium without any lithiophilic surface *** wetting behavior of molten lithium can be significantly improved because its surface functional groups provide thermodynamical driving force,and the high surface roughness derived from nanocracks leads to rapid infusion in *** hybrid anode exhibits long cycle life up to 2000 h and excellent deep stripping-platting capacity up to 20 mAh·cm^(-2).When the anode is assembled with LiFePO_(4) cathode,the full cell delivers a good cycling stability up to 700 *** is attributed to the intrinsic lithiophilic scaffold,which can not only lower the nucleation barrier of Li and provide uniform nucleation sites for stable Li stripping/plating,but also offer interspace to accommodate volume fluctuation of lithium during long *** work provides a new manner to achieve a series of intrinsic lithiophilic carbon skeletons based on the large family of biomass materials and organic materials.

关键词： intrinsic lithiophilicity lithium metal anode bacterial cellulose lithium dendrite long cycling life