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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 715-716页

作者： Prakruthi Amar Kumar Jennifer N.Dulin department of Biology Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station Texas A&M Institute for neuroscience Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station

Neural stem and progenitor cell(NSPC)transpla ntation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for replacing lost neuronal populations and repairing damaged neural circuits following nervous system injury and disease.A great deal of experimental work has investigated the biology of NSPC grafting in preclinical animal models;more recently.

关键词： neural system injured

Modern approaches for detection of volatile organic compounds in metabolic studies focusing on pathogenic bacteria:Current state of the art

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第4期14卷 483-505页

作者： Karolina Zuchowska Wojciech Filipiak department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular pharmacology Faculty of PharmacyCollegium Medicum in BydgoszczNicolaus Copernicus University in Torun85-089 BydgoszczPoland

Pathogenic microorganisms produce numerous metabolites,including volatile organic compounds(VOCs).Monitoring these metabolites in biological matrices(e.g.,urine,blood,or breath)can reveal the presence of specific microorganisms,enabling the early diagnosis of infections and the timely implementation of tar-geted ***,complex matrices only contain trace levels of VOCs,and their constituent com-ponents can hinder determination of these ***,modern analytical techniques enabling the non-invasive identification and precise quantification of microbial VOCs are *** this paper,we discuss bacterial VOC analysis under in vitro conditions,in animal models and disease diagnosis in humans,including techniques for offline and online analysis in clinical *** also consider the advantages and limitations of novel microextraction techniques used to prepare biological samples for VOC analysis,in addition to reviewing current clinical studies on bacterial volatilomes that address inter-species in-teractions,the kinetics of VOC metabolism,and species-and drug-resistance specificity.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds Pathogenic bacteria metabolites Metabolomics Microextraction techniques Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry In vivo breath analysis In vitro model

Glial response in the midcingulate cortex in Huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 207-208页

作者： Thulani H.Palpagama Andrea Kwakowsky Center for Brain Research and department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CenterUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

Huntington’s disease(HD)is a genetic disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of the striatum and *** can present with a variety of symptoms that can broadly be classified into motor symptoms,inclusive of choreatic movements and rigidity,mood and psychiatric symptoms,such as depression and apathy,and cognitive symptoms,such as cognitive *** causal mutation underlying HD results from an expansion of a CAG repeat sequence on the IT15 gene,resulting in the formation and accumulation of a mutant huntingtin protein.

关键词： Huntington degeneration cortex

Neuroinflammation as a therapeutic target in Huntington's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 817-818页

作者： Andrea Kwakowsky Thulani H.Palpagama Center for Brain Research and department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

In 1872, George Huntington presented his essay “On Chorea” to the Meigs and Mason Academy of Medicine and, in doing so, detailed a disease that would later bear his name. Huntington's disease(HD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative disease that manifests as the loss of motor control,cognitive impairment,and mood and psychiatric changes in paents.

关键词： Huntington inflammation Medicine

Concomitant determination of hematological indices supported the application of the albumin-bilirubin score in non-malignant liver diseases

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第9期16卷 1308-1311页

作者： Marwan S M Al-Nimer department of pharmacology College of MedicineUniversity of DiyalaBaqubah 32001Iraq

The albumin-bilirubin(ALBI)score is a useful prognostic marker that predicts mortality in patients suffering from terminal ***,it has been reported that ALBI score is a predictor of non-malignant liver *** cutoff point of the ALBI score that distinguishes hepatocellular carcinoma from non-malignant liver disease is still not ***,the ALBI score is a sensi-tive rather than a specific predictor of the poor outcomes of liver *** are many hematological indices and ratios that are utilized as prognostic *** these biomarkers are the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR),and platelet-hemoglobin ratio(PHR),which are useful discriminating prognostic biomarkers for liver diseases,e.g.,hepato-cellular carcinoma,hepatitis,liver fibrosis,*** is evidence that PLR and PHR are prognostic biomarkers that predict the poor outcomes of ***,concomitant measurements of ALBI score and PHR or ALBI score and PLR will improve the predictive value that can differentiate hepatocellular carcinoma from non-malignant diseases.

关键词： Albumin-bilirubin score Hepatocellular carcinoma Non-malignant diseases Platelet-lymphocyte ratio Platelet-hemoglobin ratio

Apoer2/Lrp8:the undercover cop of synaptic homeostasis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2563-2564页

作者： Gordon C.Werthmann Joachim Herz department of Molecular Genetics and Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA department of neuroscience department of Neurology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas DallasTXUSA

Apolipoprotein E receptor 2(ApoER2)is a receptor for the protein ApoE,the most common genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease(AD).It is also a key modulator of syna ptic homeostasis,in part through its effect on the expression of neuronal genes including those implicated in AD and other neuropsychiatric *** this perspective,we highlight several genes affected by ApoER2 and its alternatively spliced forms and how aberrant expression can be rescued by the reintroduction of the ApoER2 intracellular domain in the mouse hippocampus.

关键词： homeostasis ApoE Alzheimer

The dual role of striatal interneurons:circuit modulation and trophic support for the basal ganglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1277-1283页

作者： Elliot Wegman Marlena Wosiski-Kuhn Yu Luo department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA department of Emergency Medicine at the School of Medicine University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA neuroscience Graduate Program University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Striatal interneurons play a key role in modulating striatal-dependent behaviors,including motor activity and reward and emotional *** not only provide modulation to the basal ganglia circuitry under homeostasis but are also involved in changes to plasticity and adaptation during disease conditions such as Parkinson's or Huntington's *** review aims to summarize recent findings regarding the role of striatal cholinergic and GABAergic interneurons in providing circuit modulation to the basal ganglia in both homeostatic and disease *** addition to direct circuit modulation,striatal interneurons have also been shown to provide trophic support to maintain neuron populations in *** discuss this interesting and novel role of striatal interneurons,with a focus on the maintenance of adult dopaminergic neurons from interneuronderived sonic-hedgehog.

关键词： cholinergic dopamine GABAergic interneuron levodopa-induced dyskinesia parvalbumin sonic hedgehog striatum trophic factor

Use of an immunocapture device to detect cytokine release in discrete brain regions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 703-704页

作者： Matthew G.Frank Michael V.Baratta department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA(Frank MG)Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA(Baratta MV)

Production of proinflammatory cytokines in the central nervous system is a key process in the neuroinflammatory response to trauma,infection,and neurodegenerative diseases(Kumar,2019).These intercellular signaling molecules play multiple roles in the immune response in the central nervous system including the orchestration of the sickness response to innate immune perturbations in the brain(Dantzer et al.,2008).

关键词： system release innate

From the dust:extracellular vesicles as regulators of development and neuroregeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 933-934页

作者： Leon G.Coleman Jr The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of MedicineDepartment of PharmacologyBowles Center for Alcohol StudiesChapel HillNCUSA

First impressions can have a lasting *** science,this can be especially problematic,because our lack of understanding often causes us to mislabel and thus ignore important biological *** this vein,extracellular vesicles(EVs)were once considered to be“cellular dust”.Similar to the previous concept of“junk DNA”to describe protein non-coding regions,EVs are far more than just cellular *** fact,EVs are emerging as key mediators of intracellular communication across nearly all biological *** includes peripheral immune responses(e.g.,arthropathies and sepsis),intra-organ communication(Seim et al.,2023),and a host of other physiological and pathological states(Figure 1A and B).

关键词： Figure extracellular

Prenatal prednisone exposure disturbs fetal kidney development and its characteristics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第11期145卷 75-87页

作者： Zhiping Xia Songdi Wang Wen Wang Yutang Liu Tianshu Yang Hui Wang Ying Ao department of pharmacology Wuhan University School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan 430071China Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease Wuhan 430071China

Prednisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that is commonly used in both human and veterinary ***,it is also recognized as an emerging environmental *** be exposed to prednisone actively or passively throughmultiple pathways and cause developmental toxicity to the ***,the impact of prenatal prednisone exposure(PPE)on fetal kidney development remains *** this study,pregnant mice were administered prednisone intragastrically during full-term pregnancy with different doses(0.25,0.5,or 1 mg/(kg·day)),or at the dose of 1 mg/(kg·day)in different gestational days(GD)(GD0-9,GD10-18,or GD0-18).The pregnant mice were euthanized on *** staining revealed fetal kidney dysplasia,with an enlarged glomerular Bowman’s capsule space and a reduced capillary network in the PPE *** expression of the podocyte and the mesangial cell marker genes was significantly reduced in the PPE ***,overall gene expression in renal tubules and collecting ducts were markedly *** of the above effects were more pronounced in high-dose,full-term pregnancy,and female *** on the mechanism of the female fetal kidney have revealed that PPE reduced the expression of Six2,increased the expression of Hnf1β,Hnf4α,and Wnt9b,and inhibited the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)and Notch signaling *** conclusion,this study demonstrated that there is a sex difference in the developmental toxicity of PPE to the fetal kidney,and the time effect is manifested as full-term pregnancy>early pregnancy>mid-late pregnancy.

关键词： Prenatal prednisone exposure Kidney developmental toxicity Glomerulus Toxicity characteristics