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Statistical evaluation of cluster formation of relapse in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1888-1889页

作者： Tetsuya Akaishi Ichiro Nakashima department of neurology Tohoku UniversitySendaiJapan department of neurology Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversitySendaiJapan

Evaluating the cluster formation of clinical attacks in chronic relapsing diseases is an important statistical issue because the presence of attack clusters may influence therapeutic strategies for relapse *** recently reported the occurrence of unevenly clustered attacks in patients with anti-aquaporin-4(AQP4)antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD)(Akaishi et al.,2020a).

关键词： AQP4 relapse

Rbm8a regulates neurogenesis and reduces Alzheimer's disease-associated pathology in the dentate gyrus of 5×FAD mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 863-871页

作者： Chenlu Zhu Xiao Ren Chen Liu Yawei Liu Yonggang Wang department of neurology Lanzhou University Second Hospital department of neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University department of neurology Xiaogan City Central Hospital Health Service department of the Guard Bureau of the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Headache Center Department of NeurologyBeijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical University

Alzheimer’s disease is a prevalent and debilitating neurodegenerative condition that profoundly affects a patient’s daily functioning with progressive cognitive decline,which can be partly attributed to impaired hippocampal *** in the hippocampal dentate gyrus is likely to persist throughout life but declines with aging,especially in Alzheimer’s *** evidence indicated that RNA-binding protein 8A(Rbm8a)promotes the proliferation of neural progenitor cells,with lower expression levels observed in Alzheimer’s disease patients compared with healthy *** study investigated the hypothesis that Rbm8a overexpression may enhance neurogenesis by promoting the proliferation of neural progenitor cells to improve memory impairment in Alzheimer’s ***,Rbm8a overexpression was induced in the dentate gyrus of 5×FAD mice to validate this *** Rbm8a levels in the dentate gyrus triggered neurogenesis and abated pathological phenotypes(such as plaque formation,gliosis reaction,and dystrophic neurites),leading to ameliorated memory performance in 5×FAD *** sequencing data further substantiated these findings,showing the enrichment of differentially expressed genes involved in biological processes including neurogenesis,cell proliferation,and amyloid protein *** conclusion,overexpressing Rbm8a in the dentate gyrus of 5×FAD mouse brains improved cognitive function by ameliorating amyloid-beta-associated pathological phenotypes and enhancing neurogenesis.

关键词： Adora2a Alzheimer’s disease astrocyte cAMP signaling pathway dentate gyrus dystrophic neurites microglia neurogenesis plaque Rbm8a

International standard of Traditional Chinese Medicine Techniques: Traditional Chinese Medicine guidelines for acute primary headache(2022)

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第4期44卷 839-850页

作者： YAO Yuning CAO Kegang ZHANG Genming LIU Jianping CHEN Wei CAO Junling YANG Wenming YAN Yongmei GENG Chang JU Yi ZHAO Dexi QU Miao LI Xiaoli SUN Li HAN Zhenyun HE Liyun CUI Fangyuan FU Caihong ZHOU Bo LIAO Shuqin department of neurology Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy center First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine department of neurology Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine department of neurology Beijing Changping District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine neurology center Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical University department of neurology Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine department of neurology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical University department of neurology Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital department of Geriatrics Jilin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine department of neurology Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine China Academy Of Chinese Medical Sciences department of Rehabilitation Shunyi HospitalBeijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital department of neurology Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the evidence from Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) practice in the treatment of acute primary headache and provide clinical practice guidance. METHODS: The guidelines were developed in accordance with the World Health Organization guideline development manual. After the establishment of steering committee, panel and the registration and protocol formulation, the evidence on TCM for acute primary headache from published guidelines, clinical evidence, and expert experience and consensus were collected. The grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation method was used to grade the evidence and make the recommendations. RESULTS: Based on the available evidence, the guidelines recommended three TCM herbal decoctions, six Chinese patent medicines, and two kinds of external application of Chinese herbal medicines. Diagnostic recommendations based on the expert experience and consensus were also included in the guidelines. CONCLUSION: TCM diagnosis and treatment of decoction, Chinese patent medicine and external application for treating acute primary headache were recommended. We hope these guidelines will be helpful in standardize the TCM acute treatment of primary headache.

关键词： acute primary headache medicine, Chinese traditional practice guideline

Imaging mass spectrometry: a molecular microscope for studying the role of lipids in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1179-1180页

作者： Vinata Vedam-Mai Jacob M.Samuel Boone M.Prentice department of neurology University of Florida department of Chemistry University of Florida

Parkinson’s disease–A lipidopathy? The histopathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease(PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies are inclusions enriched in α-synuclein(α-syn), known as Lewy bodies, which are not only composed of proteins, but also a core of lipid species. PD has been thus far principally thought of as a “proteinopathy” caused by the misfolding of α-syn. However,

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Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody(AQP4-IgG)and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody(MOG-IgG)in the cerebrospinal fluid

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 949-950页

作者： Tetsuya Akaishi Tatsuro Misu department of neurology Tohoku UniversitySendaiJapan

In the last decade,a new neurological disease concept known as anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody(MOG-IgG)-associated disease(MOGAD)has emerged and is currently one of the most focused research areas in the field of *** is a membrane protein mainly expressed on the surface of oligodendrocytes(Zhou et al.,2006).The exact pathogenic role of MOG-IgG in patients with MOGAD remains unclear;however,MOG-IgG has been suggested to cause tissue alterations and damage MOG-expressing cells(Zhou et al.,2006).The pathogenicity of MOG-IgG is further supported by the observation that only a few patients with acquired central nervous system(CNS)demyelinating syndromes exhibit both anti-aquaporin-4 antibody(AQP4-IgG)and MOG-IgG simultaneously,particularly with clear positivity levels of these antibodies as indicated by a cell-based assay result with a titer≥1:100(Sechi et al.,2021;Banwell et al.,2023).

关键词： AQP4 myelin

MFG-E8 Alleviates Cognitive Impairments Induced by Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion by Phagocytosing Myelin Debris and Promoting Remyelination

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第4期40卷 483-499页

作者： Xiaohong Dong Zhi Zhang Xin Shu Zi Zhuang Pinyi Liu Renyuan Liu Shengnan Xia Xinyu Bao Yun Xu Yan Chen department of neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing210008China department of neurology Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing210008China department of neurology Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing210008China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for molecular Medicine Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing210008China Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of neurology Nanjing210008China

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is one of the pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to cognitive decline by causing white matter *** phagocytosing myelin debris in a timely manner can promote remyelination and contribute to the repair of white ***,milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor 8(MFG-E8),a microglial phagocytosis-related protein,has not been well studied in hypoperfusion-related cognitive *** found that the expression of MFG-E8 was significantly decreased in the brain of mice after bilateral carotid artery stenosis(BCAS).MFG-E8 knockout mice demonstrated more severe BCAS-induced cognitive impairments in the behavioral *** addition,we discovered that the deletion of MFG-E8 aggravated white matter damage and the destruction of myelin microstructure through fluorescent staining and electron ***,MFG-E8 overexpression by AAV improved white matter injury and increased the number of mature oligodendrocytes after ***,in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that MFG-E8 could enhance the phagocytic function of microglia via theαVβ3/αVβ5/Rac1 pathway and IGF-1 production to promote the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature ***,we found that MFG-E8 was mainly derived from astrocytes,not *** findings suggest that MFG-E8 is a potential therapeutic target for cognitive impairments following cerebral hypoperfusion.

关键词： White matter injury Cognitive dysfunction MFG-E8 Remyelination Microglial phagocytosis

Activation of cerebral Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate(Rac) 1 promotes post-ischemic stroke functional recovery in aged mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 881-886页

作者： Fan Bu Jia-Wei Min Md Abdur Razzaque Ahmad El Hamamy Anthony Patrizz Li Qi Akihiko Urayama Jun Li department of neurology University of Texas Health Science Center department of neurology&Psychology The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine

Brain functional impairment after stroke is common;however,the molecular mechanisms of post-stroke recovery remain *** is well-recognized that age is the most important independent predictor of poor outcomes after stroke as older patients show poorer functional outcomes following *** evidence suggests that axonal regeneration and angiogenesis,the major forms of brain plasticity responsible for post-stroke recovery,diminished with advanced *** studies suggest that Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate(Rac)1 enhances stroke recovery as activation of Rac1 improved behavior recovery in a young mice stroke ***,we investigated the role of Rac1 signaling in long-term functional recovery and brain plasticity in an aged(male,18 to 22 months old C57BL/6J)brain after ischemic *** found that as mice aged,Rac1 expression declined in the *** overexpression of Rac1,using lentivirus encoding Rac1 injected day 1 after ischemic stroke,promoted cognitive(assessed using novel object recognition test)and sensorimotor(assessed using adhesive removal tests)recovery on days 14–*** was accompanied by the increase of neurite and proliferative endothelial cells in the periinfarct zone assessed by *** a reverse approach,pharmacological inhibition of Rac1 by intraperitoneal injection of Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 for 14 successive days after ischemic stroke worsened the outcome with the reduction of neurite and proliferative endothelial ***,Rac1 inhibition reduced the activation of p21-activated kinase 1,the protein level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and increased the protein level of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the ischemic brain on day 28 after *** work provided insight into the mechanisms behind the diminished plasticity after cerebral ischemia in aged brains and identified Rac1 as a potential therapeutic target for improving functional recovery in the older adults after stroke.

关键词： aging angiogenesis brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) cerebral ischemia cognitive recovery neurite Pak1 Rac1 sensorimotor recovery

Apoer2/Lrp8:the undercover cop of synaptic homeostasis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2563-2564页

作者： Gordon C.Werthmann Joachim Herz department of molecular Genetics and Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA department of Neuroscience department of neurology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas DallasTXUSA

Apolipoprotein E receptor 2(ApoER2)is a receptor for the protein ApoE,the most common genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease(AD).It is also a key modulator of syna ptic homeostasis,in part through its effect on the expression of neuronal genes including those implicated in AD and other neuropsychiatric *** this perspective,we highlight several genes affected by ApoER2 and its alternatively spliced forms and how aberrant expression can be rescued by the reintroduction of the ApoER2 intracellular domain in the mouse hippocampus.

关键词： homeostasis ApoE Alzheimer

Influence of aging, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation on Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1197-1198页

作者： Davide Cossu Nobutaka Hatiori department of neurology Juntendo University department of Biomedical Sciences Sassari University

Aging is associated with chronic form of inflammation called inflammaging,which results from immune system *** plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases(Dabravolski et al.,2022).Mo...

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