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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第7期13卷 46-51页

作者： Yan-Li Wang Jian Li department of Endocrinology and metabolism Zigong First People's HospitalZigong 643000Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis(TPP)is an endocrine emergency caused by thyrotoxicosis,manifesting mainly as periodic myasthenia and hypokalemia,and posing a serious threat to the patient's ***,strenuous exercise,alcohol abuse,high carbohydrate intake and insulin injections are common triggers of *** article reports a case of severe TPP induced by insulin injection,elucidates the characteristics and pathogenesis of the disease,analyses the risk factors for triggering TPP,and hopefully provides more clinical data for TPP *** SUMMARY A 38-year-old Asian man presented to the emergency department with a oneweek history of limb weakness and worsening *** medical history included poorly controlled type 2 diabetes and he had been switched to Aspart50 a week *** was alert and oriented with upper extremity strength grade 3 and lower extremity strength grade *** department tests showed hypokalemia of 1.6 mmol/*** paramedics administered 1.5 g of potassium intravenously,followed by 4.0 g *** in the arms and legs *** was referred to endocrinology where he was diagnosed with Graves'disease,with suboptimal control and insulin injections possibly causing *** stopped his insulin and he was discharged with a potassium level of 4.0 mmol/*** Insulin is a trigger for TPP and should be avoided in patients with *** recognition and treatment of TPP is crucial,especially in patients presenting with hypokalemic periodic paralysis.

关键词： Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis Potassium metabolism disorders Insulin Triggers of paralysis Case report

Correlation analyse between thyroid hormone levels and severity of schizophrenia symptoms

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第1期15卷 63-71页

作者： Qi-Hui Jiang Wei-Dong Gong department of Endocrinology and metabolism Hengyang Central HospitalHengyang 421000Hunan ProvinceChina Breast Tumor Surgical Outpatient Hengyang Central HospitalHengyang 421000Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The imbalance of hormone levels in the body is closely related to the occurrence and progression of schizophrenia,especially thyroid *** To study the relationship between triiodothyronine(T3),thyroxine(T4),free T3(FT3),free T4(FT4),thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)and *** In this study,100 schizophrenia patients were selected from our hospital between April 2022 and April *** clinical data were analyzed *** on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)score,patients were divided into mild(1-3 points,n=39),moderate(4 points,n=45),and severe groups(5-7 points,n=16).Additionally,55 healthy individuals served as a control *** blood samples were collected to measure T3,T4,FT3,FT4,TSH,and cortisol concentrations,analyzing their relationship with PANSS *** The serum levels of T3,FT3,FT4,TSH and cortisol in the schizophrenia group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).With the increase of the severity of the disease,the concentrations of T3 and T4 decreased,while the con-centrations of TSH and cortisol increased(P<0.05).The concentrations of TSH and cortisol were positively correlated with the PANSS score,while T3 and T4 were negatively correlated with the PANSS score(P<0.05).The receiver ope-rating characteristic curve results showed that T3,T4,TSH,and cortisol had good efficacy in the diagnosis of *** results showed that decreased T3 level,decreased T4 level,decreased TSH level and increased cortisol level may be independent risk factors for *** Thyroid hormone levels are associated with the severity of schizophrenia symptoms,which can provide new solutions for the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia.

关键词： Thyroid hormone Schizophrenia Symptom severity Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score Cortisol

Septic shock due to cytomegalovirus colitis associated with rituximab use:A case report

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 118-123页

作者： Siddharth Patel Jordan Jay Prutha Pathak Mc Anto Antony Mrudula Thiriveedi department of Internal Medicine Decatur Morgan HospitalDecaturAL 35601United States department of Medicine Alabama College of Osteopathic MedicineDothanAL 36303United States department of Internal Medicine North Alabama Medical CenterFlorenceAL 35630United States department of Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMedical University of South Carolina/AnMed CampusAndersonSC 29621United States

BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus(CMV)infections can cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised *** targets dysfunctional *** rituximab(RTX)therapy can cause B-lymphocyte dysfunction,increasing CMV ***,CMV infections present with critical illness such as septic *** SUMMARY A 64-year-old African American woman presented with generalized weakness and non-bloody watery diarrhea of 4-6 weeks *** did not have nausea,vomiting or,abdominal *** had been on monthly RTX infusions for neuromyelitis *** was admitted for septic shock due to *** investigations suggested pancytopenia and serology detected significantly elevated CMV *** treatment led to disease *** This case illustrates an extremely rare case of CMV colitis associated with RTX use presenting with septic *** suspicion for rare opportunistic infections is imperative in individuals with long-term RTX use.

关键词： Cytomegalovirus colitis Rituximab use Immunocompromised status Septic shock Pancytopenia Case report

Current perspectives and the future of disease-modifying therapies in type 1 diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2025年第1期16卷 12-21页

作者： Sunetra Mondal Joseph M Pappachan department of Endocrinology NRS Medical College and HospitalKolkata 700014West BengalIndia department of Endocrinology and metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom department of Endocrinology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal 576104India

Use of immunomodulating agents to prevent the progression of autoimmuneβ-cell damage leading to type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)is an interesting area for *** include non-specific anti-inflammatory agents,immunologic vaccination and anti-inflammatory agents targeting specific immune cells or *** is an anti-CD3-molecule that binds to and leads to the disappearance of the CD3/TCR complex and rendering the T cell anergic to its target *** and clinical trials have demonstrated its efficacy in reducing the decline in serum C-peptide levels and the need for insulin therapy if used early in the disease process of *** benefits have been apparent as early as six months to as long as seven years after *** has recently been approved by the Food and Drug Administration to delay the onset of clinical(stage 3)type 1 diabetes in children above 8 years of *** their recent metaanalysis published in the World Journal of Diabetes,Ma et al found that those in the teplizumab treatment group have a greater likelihood of reduction in insulin use,change in C-peptide response,and better glycemic control compared to the control group with a good safety ***,all the included randomized control trials have been conducted in high-income *** cost of therapy and unknown utility of the molecule in stage 3 disease limit its widespread use.

关键词： Teplizumab Type 1 diabetes mellitus Disease modifying therapy β-cell function C-peptide Immunotherapy

The role of Fas-FasL in insulitis in nonobese diabetic mouse

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Chinese Medical Journal 2004年第4期117卷 615-617页

作者：曹峻洋王姮 department of Endocrinology and metabolism

Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune damage to βcells and insulitis typically characterizes its pathological presentation. Apoptosis could be a main *** are several pathways of apoptosis including FasFasL. 1 Fas is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein in the super family of TNF/NGF receptors and FasL (the specific ligand for Fas in vivo) is a type 2 transmembrane glycoprotein in the super family of TNF. 2 Their interaction for inducing apoptosis is important in many processes. 3 Their malfunction can lead to the overproliferation of the autoreactive immune cells in mice or humans. 4-5 In autoimmune diabetes, specific CDs + T cells may kill β cells by FasL and ***, Fas-FasL also mediates the elimination of autoreactive T cells. 6-11 Diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice is a result of autoimmune damage to βcells. 12 Our study aims at analyzing the significance of Fas-FasL in NOD insulitis, specifically discussing the mechanism of autoimmune diabetes.

关键词： FasL protein mice inberd NOD insulitis diabetes mellitus type 1

Intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1:A new regulator of impaired counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2025年第1期16卷 217-221页

作者： Le-Rong Liu Yuan-Yuan Luo Pei-Zhu Su Cong Zhang Zhao-Tao Li department of Endocrinology and metabolism Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina department of Endocrinology Chongqing University Three Gorges HospitalChongqing 404100China Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Chongqing University Three Gorges HospitalChongqing 404100China department of Endocrinology The Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400013China department of Gastroenterology The First People's Hospital of FoshanFoshan 528000Guangdong ProvinceChina

In this article,we review the study by Jin et al,which examined the role of intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)in counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM).With the global rise of T1DM,there is an increased burden on society and healthcare *** to insulin therapy and islet dysfunction,T1DM patients are highly vulnerable to severe hypoglycemia,a leading cause of *** healthy individuals,counterregulatory mechanisms restore blood glucose during hypoglycemia,but repeated episodes impair these *** et al demonstrated that overexpression of GLP-1 attenuates the sympathetic-adrenal reflex and disrupts the secretion of counterregulatory hormones such as glucagon during hypoglycemia,leading to counterregulatory *** findings highlight the critical role of GLP-1 in the impaired counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia in T1DM patients and provide new insights into the potential application of GLP-1-related therapies in T1DM patients.

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide-1 Impaired counterregulation Type 1 diabetes mellitus Sympathetic-adrenal reflex Glucagon

The association analysis polymorphism of CDKAL1 and diabetic retinopathy in Chinese Han population

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第5期9卷 707-712页

作者： Nai-Jia Liu Qian Xiong Hui-Hui Wu Yan-Liang Li Zhen Yang Xiao-Ming Tao Yan-Ping Du Bin Lu Ren-Ming Hu Xuan-Chun Wang Jie Wen department of Endocrinology and metabolism Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University department of Endocrinology and metabolism Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai department of Endocrinology and metabolism Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine department of Endocrinology and metabolism Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University

AIM： To identify the contribution of CDKAL1 to the development of diabetic retinopathy（DR） in Chinese population.·METHODS： A case-control study was performed to investigate the genetic association between DR and polymorphic variants of CDKAL1 in Chinese Han population with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. A welldefined population with T2 DM, consisting of 475 controls and 105 DR patients, was recruited. All subjects were genotyped for the genetic variant（rs10946398） of CDKAL1. Genotyping was performed by i PLEX technology. The association between rs10946398 and T2 DM was assessed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression（MLR） analysis.· RESULTS： There were significant differences in C allele frequencies of rs10946398（CDKAL1） between control and DR groups（45.06% versus 55.00%, P 〈0.05）.The rs10946398 of CDKAL1 was found to be associated with the increased risk of DR among patients with diabetes.·CONCLUSION： Our findings suggest that rs10946398 of CDKAL1 is independently associated with DR in a Chinese Han population.

关键词： CDKAL1 polymorphism association analysis diabetic retinopathy Chinese Han population

The heterogeneity of islet autoantibodies and the progression of islet failure in type 1 diabetic patients

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第9期59卷 930-939,938-939+932-937页

作者： Jin Liu Lingling Bian Li Ji Yang Chen Heng Chen Yong Gu Bingqin Ma Wei Gu Xinyu Xu Yun Shi Jian Wang Dalong Zhu Zilin Sun Jianhua Ma Hui Jin Xing Shi Heng Miao Bing Xin Yan Zhu Zhenwen Zhang Ruifang Bu Lan Xu Guangde Shi Wei Tang Wei Li Dongmei Zhou Jun Liang Xingbo Cheng Bimin Shi Jixiang Dong Ji Hu Chen Fang Shao Zhong Weinan Yu Weiping Lu Chenguang Wu Li Qian Jiancheng Yu Jialin Gao Xiaoqiang Fei Qingqing Zhang Xueqin Wang Shiwei Cui Jinluo Cheng Ning Xu Guofeng Wang Guoqing Han Chunrong Xu Yun Xie Minmin An Wei Zhang Zhixiao Wang Yun Cai Qi Fu Yu Fu Shuai Zheng Fan Yang Qingfang Hu Hao Dai Yu Jin Zheng Zhang Kuanfeng Xu Yifan Li Jie Shen Hongwen Zhou Wei He Xuqin Zheng Xiao Han Liping Yu Jinxiong She Mei Zhang Tao Yang department of Endocrinology and metabolism First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 China Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes University of Colorado Denver Aurora Colorado 80045 USA Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210000 China department of Isotopic Laboratory of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210000 China HLA Laboratory of Jiangsu Province People's Hospital Nanjing 210029 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command Nanjing 210002 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing 210008 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism Zhongda Hospital Southeast University Nanjing 210009 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing 210000 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism Nanjing Children's Hospital Nanfing 210008 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210011 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism Nanjing Governmental Hospital Nanjing 210008 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Yangzhou 225001 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism Wuxi People's Hospital Wuxi 214023 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism Jiangsu Jiangyin People's Hospital Wuxi 214400 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College Xuzhou 221006 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou 221009 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China department of Endocrinology and metabolism The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215004 China department of Endocri

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is heterogeneous in many facets. The patients suffered from type 1 diabetes present several levels of islet function as well as variable number and type of islet-specific autoantibodies. This study was to investigate prevalence and heterogeneity of the islet autoantibodies and clinical phenotypes of type 1 diabetes mellitus; and also discussed the process of islet failure and its risk factors in Chinese type 1 diabetic patients. A total of 1,291 type 1 diabetic patients were enrolled in this study. Demographic information was collected. Laboratory tests including mixed-meal tolerance test, human leukocyte antigen alleles, hemoglobin A1 c, lipids, thyroid function and islet autoantibodies were conducted. The frequency of islet-specific autoantibody in newly diagnosed T1 DM patients(duration shorter than half year) was 73% in East China. According to binary logistic regressions, autoantibody positivity, longer duration and lower Body Mass Index were the risk factors of islet failure. As the disease developed, autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase declined as well as the other two autoantibodies against zinc transporter 8 and islet antigen 2. The decrease of autoantibodies was positively correlated with aggressive beta cell destruction. Autoantibodies can facilitate the identification of classic T1 DM from other subtypes and predict the progression of islet failure. As there were obvious heterogeneity in autoantibodies and clinical manifestation in different phenotypes of the disease, we should take more factors into consideration when identifying type 1 diabetes mellitus.

关键词： autoantibodies heterogeneity islet failure type 1 diabetes

Intestinal microbiota and type 2 diabetes:from mechanism insights to therapeutic perspective

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第47期20卷 17737-17745页

作者： Jun-Ling Han Hui-Ling Lin department of Endocrinology and metabolism the 187~(th) Hospital of PLA

The incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)is rapidly increasing ***,the pathogenesis of T2DM has not yet been well *** evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota composition is associated with obesity and *** this review,we provide an overview about the mechanisms underlying the role of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of *** is clear evidence that the intestinal microbiota influences the host through its effect on body weight,bile acid metabolism,proinflammatory activity and insulin resistance,and modulation of gut *** gut microbiota with the use of probiotics,prebiotics,antibiotics,and fecal microbiota transplantation may have benefits for improvement in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in the *** studies are required to increase our understanding of the complex interplay between intestinal microbiota and the host with *** studies may be able to boost the development of new effective therapeutic approaches for T2DM.

关键词： Intestinal microbiota Type 2 diabetes Body weight Bile-acid metabolism Insulin resistance Intestinal microbiota modulation