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Unveiling a new regulator: Vacuolar V-ATPase mediates brassinosteroid signaling in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 227-229页

作者： Shikha Malik Justin W.Walley department of Plant Pathology Entomologyand Microbiologylowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

Plant growth and development are intricately regulated by hormones such as auxins,gibberellins,jamonates,cytokinins,and brassinosteroids(BRs).BRs are a group of plant steroid hormones that play a vital role in plant growth and response to the *** regulate many biological processes including cell elongation,cell division,and male fertility,as well as abiotic and biotic stress responses.

关键词： media fertility brassinosteroid

Feeding behavior and hormoligosis associated with imidacloprid resistance in Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1211-1221页

作者： Xue Dong Chen Justin George Lauren M.Diepenbrock Hunter Gossett Guoping Liu Jawwad A.Qureshi Lukasz L.Stelinski entomology and Nematology department University of FloridaCitrus Research and Education CenterLake AlfredFloridaUSA Southern Insect Management Research Unit USDA-ARSStonevilleMississippiUSA entomology and Nematology department University of FloridaSouthwest Florida Research and Education CenterImmokaleeFloridaUSA

Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide used for managing the Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri Kuwayama,which serves as vector of phytopathogens causing citrus ***,development of resistance to neonicotinoids among populations of *** has coincided with occasional control failures in the *** objectives of this research were to(1)survey current levels of imidacloprid resistance in Florida citrus;(2)compare feeding behavior between imidacloprid-resistant and susceptible *** using electrical penetration graph recordings,and(3)investigate the possible amplification of insecticide hormoligosis associated with *** surveys confirmed that the susceptibility of *** populations to imidacloprid has decreased in commercial Florida citrus groves compared with a laboratory-susceptible *** 12 generations of selection,resistance to imidacloprid increased by 438 fold compared with the susceptible ***-susceptible *** feeding on citrus exhibited significantly more bouts associated with intercellular pathway(C),phloem penetration(D),phloem salivation(E1),and nonprobing(Np)activities than imidacloprid-resistant ***,there were no differences observed in the frequency or duration of phloem ingestion or xylem feeding between susceptible and resistant *** was no statistical difference in fecundity between resistant and susceptible ***,the fecundity of imidacloprid-susceptible female *** treated with a sublethal concentration of imidacloprid(LC_(25))increased significantly compared with controls,while such hormoligosis was less pronounced among imidacloprid-resistant *** results suggest that imidacloprid-resistant psyllids may cease feeding sooner than susceptible counterparts following sublethal exposure to this insecticide,indicative of a behavioral resistance mechanism.

关键词： artificial selection electrical penetration graph feeding behavior hormoligosis insecticide resistance sublethal exposure

Wildfire severity alters soil microbial exoenzyme production and fungal abundances in the southern Appalachian Mountains

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 865-878页

作者： Megan L.SCHILL Richard BAIRD Shawn P.BROWN Allison M.VEACH department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at San Antonio Biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Department Mississippi State University department of Biological Sciences The University of Memphis

Climate change has increased drought frequency and duration that are exacerbated by increased temperatures globally. This effect has, and will continue,to increase fire occurrence across many regions of North America. In the southern Appalachian Mountains, wildfires with high burn severity occurred in 2016due to increased drought and human activity. To investigate the effects of burn severity on soil physicochemical properties, microbial extracellular enzyme production, and microbial abundances in a temperate region, surface soils (0–15 cm) were collected from two sites (the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in Tennessee and the Nantahala National Forest in North Carolina, USA) spanning lightly, moderately, and severely burned areas, accompanied by adjacent unburned locations that act as controls. The soil samples were collected at three time points between 2017 and 2019 (i.e., 0.5, 1, and 2.5 years post-fire)among burn severity plots. Total hydrolytic enzyme production varied over time, with severe burn plots having significantly lower enzyme production at 2.5years post-fire. Individual enzymes varied among burn severities and across time post-fire. Light burn plots showed greater carbon-specific (β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase) and phosphorus-specific (acid phosphatase) enzyme activities at 0.5 years post-fire, but this effect was transient. At 2.5 years post-fire, theβ-xylosidase and acid phosphatase activities were lower in severe or moderate burn plots relative to the controls. In contrast, the activity of nitrogen-specific enzyme leucyl aminopeptidase was the lowest in severe burn plots at 0.5 years post-fire, but was the lowest in light burn plots at 2.5 years post-fire. The fungi:bacteria ratio declined with burn severity, indicating that fungi are sensitive or less resilient to high burn severity during recovery. These results suggest that wildfires alter trajectories for soil microbial structure and function within a 2.5-year timeframe, which potentially

关键词： 16S rRNA burn severity extracellular enzyme fungi:bacteria ratio internal transcribed spacer microbial structure

The new kid on the block in insect pest management:sprayable RNAi goes commercial

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1766-1768页

作者： Junjie Yan Ralf Nauen Stuart Reitz Andrei Alyokhin Jiang Zhang David Mota-Sanchez Yonggyun Kim Subba Reddy Palli Silvia I.Rondon Brian A.Nault Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes Michael S.Crossley William E.Snyder Angharad M.R.Gatehouse Myron P.Zalucki Bruce E.Tabashnik Yulin Gao State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Bayer AG Crop Science DivisionR&DPest ControlMonheim 40789Germany department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityOntario 97914USA School of Biology and Ecology University of MaineOrono 04469USA Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China department of entomology Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48864USA department of Plant medicals Andong National UniversityAndong 36729Republic of Korea department of entomology University of KentuckyLexington 40503USA Oregon State University Oregon Integrated Pest Management CenterCorvallis 97838USA department of entomology Cornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGeneva 14456USA department of entomology and Plant Pathology University of TennesseeKnoxville 37996USA department of entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of DelawareNewark 19716USA department of entomology University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia 30602USA School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK School of the Environment University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China department of entomology University of ArizonaTucson 85721USA National Center of Excellence for Tuber and Root Crop Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Insect pest damage to crops is a threat to global food security(Tilman et al.,2011).Climate change,the evolution of insecticide resistance,and the phasing out of insecticides due to environmental and safety concerns exacerbate this *** urgently need safe and effective crop protection tools to sustainably generate yields that meet ever-increasing global demand.

关键词： crops damage pest

Nitrogen availability mediates the effects of roots and mycorrhizal fungi on soil organic carbon decomposition:A meta-analysis

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 289-296页

作者： Tongshuo BAI Yunpeng QIU Shuijin HU Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China department of entomology&Plant Pathology North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695USA

Plant roots and their associated mycorrhizal fungi critically mediate the decomposition of soil organic carbon(C),but the general patterns of their impacts over a broad geographical range and the primary mediating factors remain *** on a synthesis of 596 paired observations from both field and greenhouse experiments,we found that living roots and/or mycorrhizal fungi increased organic C decomposition by 30.9%,but low soil nitrogen(N)availability(i.e.,high soil C:N ratio)critically mitigated this promotion *** addition,the positive effects of living roots and/or mycorrhizal fungi on organic C decomposition were higher under herbaceous and leguminous plants than under woody and non-leguminous plants,***,there was no significant difference between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi in their effects on organic C ***,roots and/or mycorrhizal fungi significantly enhanced the decomposition of leaf litter but not root *** findings advance our understanding of how roots and their symbiotic fungi modulate soil C dynamics in the rhizosphere or mycorrhizosphere and may help improve predictions of soil global C balance under a changing climate.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ectomycorrhizal fungi leaf litter leguminous plant mycorhizosphere rhizosphere root litter soil C:N ratio

Prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths among women of reproductive age in Mwaluphamba,Kwale

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第2期17卷 71-83页

作者： Samuel M.Ngui Joseph M.Mwangangi Joachim Richter Josephine W.Ngunjiri department of Biological Sciences University of EmbuKenya medical entomology Kenya Medical Research Institute(KEMRI)Center for Geographic Medicine Research Coast KilifiKenya Institute of International Health Global Health CenterCharitéUniversity MedicineBerlinCorporate Member of Free University and Humboldt University and Berlin Institute of HealthBerlinGermany Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute BaselSwitzerland Tropical and Infectious Diseases Department of Biological sciencesUniversity of EmbuKenya

Objective:To assess the epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis among women of reproductive age in Mwaluphamba,Kwale County,***:A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed to randomly sample 422 women of reproductive age(15-<50 years)from four villages in Mwaluphamba *** specimens were collected and examined using the Kato-Katz method,while filtration technique was used to analyze urine ***’sociodemographic details were obtained using a standardized ***:Urinary schistosomiasis prevalence was at 4.7%(20/422,95%CI 2.8%-6.9%)while the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis infection was 4.5%(19/422,95%CI 2.6%-6.7%).The infection intensities of urinary schistosomiasis among the study participants ranged from 1 to 120 eggs/10 mL of urine with median egg count of 18.45 eggs/10 *** patients were diagnosed with light infection,of 56.16 egg/gram and 48.48 egg/gram for Trichuris trichiura and hookworms,*** without latrines had 15.7 times higher risk of having urinary schistosomiasis compared to those with a ***,use of surface water(aOR=1.0,95%CI 0.2-1.4,P=0.010)and crossing the river to go to a place(aOR=1.1,95%CI 0.3-1.6,P=0.009)were statistically significant risk factors for getting urinary *** bivariable regression analysis,defecating around the water source(OR=4.3,95%CI 1.5-12.9)had a statistically significant association with the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis(P=0.008).Conclusions:This study has given an insight on the prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Mwaluphamba location that form a basis for strengthening the control and elimination programmes for these neglected tropical diseases.

关键词： Urinary schistosomiasis Prevalence Soiltransmitted helminths Mwaluphamba

The temporal-spatial expression and functional analysis of three gustatory receptor genes in Solenopsis invicta using sweet and bitter compounds

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 448-468页

作者： Muhammad Irfan Waris Yanyuan Lei Guojun Qi Ziying Guan Abdul Rashied Jie Chen Lihua Lyu Institute of Plant Protection Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant ProtectionGuangzhouChina department of entomology College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina

The insect gustatory system participates in identifying potential food sources and avoiding toxic *** this process,gustatory receptors(GRs)recognize feeding stimulant and deterrent ***,the GRs involved in recognizing stimulant and deterrent compounds in the red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta,remain ***,we conducted a study on the genes SinvGR1,SinvGR32b,and SinvGR28a to investigate the roles of GRs in detecting feeding stimulant and deterrent *** this current study,we found that sucrose and fructose are feeding stimulants and the bitter compound quinine is a feeding *** fire ant workers showed significant behavior changes to avoid the bitter taste in feeding stimulant *** transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results from developmental stages showed that the SinvGR1,SinvGR32b,and SinvGR28a genes were highly expressed in fire ant ***-specific expression profiles indicated that SinvGR1,SinvGR32b,and SinvGR28a were specifically expressed in the antennae and foreleg tarsi of workers,whereas SinvGR32b gene transcripts were also highly accumulated in the male ***,the silencing of SinvGRI or SinvGR32b alone and the co-silencing of both genes disrupted worker stimulation and feeding on sucrose and *** results also showed that SinvGR28a is required for avoiding quinine,as workers with knockdown of the SinvGR28a gene failed to avoid and fed on *** study first identified stimulant and deterrent compounds of fire ant workers and then the GRs involved in the taste recognition of these *** study could provide potential target gustatory genes for the control of the fire ant.

关键词： behavioral responses feeding assays gustatory receptors RNA interference Solenopsis invicta temporal-spatial expression

Impact of numerous larval diets on the biology of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)under laboratory conditions

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 69-78页

作者： AKHTAR Shamim ARIF Muhammad Jalal GOGI Muhammad Dildar HAQ Imran-ul department of entomology University of Agriculture FaisalabadPunjabPakistan Ayub Agricultural Research Institute(Entomological Research Institute) FaisalabadPunjabPakistan department of Plant Pathology University of AgricultureFaisalabadPunjabPakistan

Background Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield losses around the world including *** in view the facts like limited research investigations,unavailability,and high cost of artificial diet’s constituents and their premixes,the present research investigations on the dietary aspect of *** were *** larvae of *** were reared on different diets that were prepared using indigenous *** standard/laboratory diet com-prised of wheat germ meal 34.5 g,casein 30.0 g,agar–agar 20.0 g,sucrose 10.0 g,brewer’s yeast 5.0 g,α-cellulose 1.0 g,potassium-sorbate1.5 g,niplagin 0.5 g,decavitamin 0.01 g,choline-chloride 0.06 g,maize-oil 3.30 g,honey 2.0 g,and water 730.0 *** to cotton bolls and wheat germ meal were okra seed sprouts,okra fruit,cottonseed meal,and okra seed meals,which were included in the study to introduce an efficient and economic mass-rearing *** The larval development completed in 19.68d±0.05 d with a weight of 20.18mg±0.20 mg at the fourth instar fed on the cottonseed meal-based diet instead of wheat germ meal based *** the same diet,84.00%±4.00%,17.24 mg±0.03 mg,and 7.76d±0.06 d were recorded as pupae formation,pupal weight,and pupal duration,*** emergence,76.00%±1.00%was recorded from pupae collected from larvae raised on cottonseed meal-based *** male and female moths lived for 40.25d±0.10 d,and 44.34d±0.11 d,*** deposited 21.28±0.04 eggs per day with the viability of 65.78%±0.14%.The larval mortal-ity at the fourth instar was 37.20%±1.36%and malformed pupation of 12.00%±1.41%was *** of wheat germ meal with that of local meals(cottonseed and okra seed)in the standard laboratory diet has saved 463.80 to 467.10 PKR with 1.62 to 1.63 cost economic returns,*** This research is of novel nature as it provides a concis

关键词： Artificial diets Cottonseed meal Laboratory rearing Pectinophora gossypiella Wheat germ meal

NextPolish2:A Repeat-aware Polishing Tool for Genomes Assembled Using HiFi Long Reads

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第1期22卷 105-109页

作者： Jiang Hu Zhuo Wang Fan Liang Shan-Lin Liu Kai Ye De-Peng Wang School of Automation Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronic and Information EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China GrandOmics Biosciences Beijing 102206China department of entomology College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The high-fidelity(HiFi)long-read sequencing technology developed by PacBio has greatly improved the base-level accuracy of genome ***,these assemblies still contain base-level errors,particularly within the error-prone regions of HiFi long *** genome polishing tools usually introduce overcorrections and haplotype switch errors when correcting errors in genomes assembled from HiFi long ***,we describe an upgraded genome polishing tool-NextPolish2,which can fix base errors remaining in those“highly accurate”genomes assembled from HiFi long reads without introducing excessive overcorrections and haplotype switch *** believe that NextPolish2 has a great significance to further improve the accuracy of telomere-to-telomere(T2T)***2 is freely available at https://***/Nextomics/NextPolish2.

关键词： Telomere-to-telomere Genome assembly Genome polishing Error correction HiFi long read