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Machine-learned wearable sensors for real-time hand-motion recognition: toward practical applications

National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 231-263页

作者： Kyung Rok Pyun Kangkyu Kwon Myung Jin Yoo Kyun Kyu Kim Dohyeon Gong Woon-Hong Yeo Seungyong Han Seung Hwan Ko department of mechanical Engineering Seoul National University IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering Institute for Electronics and NanotechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University department of mechanical Engineering Ajou University George W.Woodruff School of mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National University

Soft electromechanical sensors have led to a new paradigm of electronic devices for novel motion-based wearable applications in our daily lives. However, the vast amount of random and unidentified signals generated by complex body motions has hindered the precise recognition and practical application of this technology. Recent advancements in artificial-intelligence technology have enabled significant strides in extracting features from massive and intricate data sets, thereby presenting a breakthrough in utilizing wearable sensors for practical applications. Beyond traditional machine-learning techniques for classifying simple gestures, advanced machine-learning algorithms have been developed to handle more complex and nuanced motion-based tasks with restricted training data sets. Machine-learning techniques have improved the ability to perceive, and thus machine-learned wearable soft sensors have enabled accurate and rapid human-gesture recognition, providing real-time feedback to users. This forms a crucial component of future wearable electronics, contributing to a robust human–machine interface. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary covering materials, structures and machine-learning algorithms for hand-gesture recognition and possible practical applications through machine-learned wearable electromechanical sensors.

关键词： wearable sensor soft electronics artificial intelligence machine learning human–machine interfaces gesture recognition

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Effect of Texture on the Grain-Size-Dependent Functional Properties of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys and Texture Gradient Design:A Phase Field Study

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 10-32页

作者： Bo Xu Beihai Huang Chong Wang Qingyuan Wang Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China department of mechanical Science and Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering Ministry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Texture is inevitably introduced during the manufacturing of most NiTi shape memory alloys(SMAs),and the textured nanocrystalline NiTi has been extensively employed in ***,the effect of texture,and the joint effect of grain size(GS)and texture on the functional properties of NiTi SMAs and the corresponding microscopic mechanisms have not been clearly understood *** this work,based on the phase field method,the effect of texture on the GS-dependent functional properties of NiTi SMAs,including super-elasticity(SE),one-way shape memory effect(OWSME),and stress-assisted two-way shape memory effect(SATWSME),is investigated,and the corresponding microscopic mechanisms are ***,the samples with discrete geometrical gradients and/or texture gradients are designed to achieve graded functional *** simulation results indicate that the dependence of functional properties on texture is due to the effect of crystallographic orientation on martensite transformation and reorientation,which can lead to different inelastic *** the designed samples with texture gradients,the stress–strain responses of sheets with various textures are different,allowing for the coordination of overall deformation of the sample by combining such sheets,with varying inelastic deformation ***,the overall response of the sample differs from that without texture gradient,leading to the achievement of graded functional *** simulation results and new findings in this work contribute to a deeper understanding of the effects of texture,GS,and their interaction on the functional properties of SMAs,and provide valuable reference for the design and development of SMA-based devices with desired functional properties.

关键词： Phase field NiTi shape memory alloy Texture Grain size Functional property Texture gradient

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Optimised hybrid classification approach for rice leaf disease prediction with proposed texture features

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Journal of Control and Decision 2024年第1期11卷 84-97页

作者： Sakhamuri Sridevi K.Kiran Kumar department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramIndia

This paper aims to frame a new rice disease prediction model that included three major ***,median filtering(MF)is deployed during pre-processing and then‘proposed Fuzzy Means Clustering(FCM)based segmentation’is *** that,‘Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT),Scale-Invariant Feature Transform(SIFT)and low-level features(colour and shape),Proposed local Binary Pattern(LBP)based features’are extracted that are classified via‘MultiLayer Perceptron(MLP)and Long Short Term Memory(LSTM)’and predicted outcomes are *** exact prediction,this work intends to optimise the weights of LSTM using Inertia Weighted Salp Swarm Optimisation(IW-SSO)***,the development of IW-SSO method is established on varied metrics.

关键词： Rice disease improved fuzzy hybrid classifiers optimised LSTM IW-SSO algorithm

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An electromagnetic semi-active dynamic vibration absorber for thin-walled workpiece vibration suppression in mirror milling

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第8期45卷 1315-1334页

作者： Jianghua KONG Bei DING Wei WANG Zhixia WANG Juliang XIAO Hongyun QIU School of mechanical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Dynamics and Control Key Laboratory of Modern Mechanisms and Equipment Design of the State Ministry of education Tianjin University

As critical components of aircraft skins and rocket fuel storage tank shells,large thin-walled workpieces are susceptible to vibration and deformation during machining due to their weak local stiffness. To address these challenges, we propose a novel tunable electromagnetic semi-active dynamic vibration absorber(ESADVA), which integrates with a magnetic suction follower to form a followed ESADVA(follow-ESADVA)for mirror milling. This system combines a tunable magnet oscillator with a follower,enabling real-time vibration absorption and condition feedback throughout the milling process. Additionally, the device supports self-sensing and frequency adjustment by providing feedback to a linear actuator, which alters the distance between magnets. This resolves the traditional issue of being unable to directly monitor vibration at the machining point due to space constraints and tool interference. The frequency shift characteristics and vibration absorption performance are comprehensively investigated. Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the prototyped follow-ESADVA achieves frequency synchronization with the milling tool, resulting in a vibration suppression rate of approximately 47.57%. Moreover, the roughness of the machined surface decreases by18.95%, significantly enhancing the surface quality. The results of this work pave the way for higher-quality machined surfaces and a more stable mirror milling process.

关键词： 70J35 mirror milling O326 self-sensing semi-active dynamic vibration absorber (SADVA) thin-walled workpiece vibration absorption tuning

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Toward tunable shape memory effect of NiTi alloy by grain size engineering:A phase field study

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 276-289页

作者： Bo Xu Chong Wang Qingyuan Wang Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China department of mechanical Science and Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering (Sichuan University)Ministry of EducationChengdu 610065China

The inelastic deformations of shape memory alloys(SMAs)always show poor controllability due to the avalanche-like martensite transformation,and the effective control for the deformation of precision de-vices has been not yet *** this work,the phase field method was used to investigate the shape memory effects(SMEs)of NiTi SMAs undergoing grain size(GS)engineering,to obtain tunable one-way and stress-assisted two-way SMEs(OWSME and SATWSME).The OWSME and SATWSME of the systems with various gradient-nanograin structures and bimodal grain structure,as well as that with geometric gradients were *** simulated results indicate that due to the GS dependences of martensite transformation and reorientation,the occurrence and expansion of martensite reorientation,martensite transformation and its reverse can be efficaciously controlled via the GS *** combining the GS engineering and geometric gradient design,since the effects of GS and stress gradient can be su-perimposed or competing,and the responses of martensite reorientation,martensite transformation and its reverse to this are different,the OWSME and SATWSME of the geometrically graded systems with various nanograin structures can exhibit different improvements in *** short,the reorienta-tion hardening modulus during OWSME is increased and the transformation temperature window during SATWSME is widened by GS engineering,indicating the improved controllability of *** optimal GS engineering schemes revealed in this work provide the basic reference and guidance for designing tun-able SMEs and producing NiTi-based driving devices catering to desired functional performance in various engineering fields.

关键词： Phase field NiTi Shape memory effect Grain size engineering Geometric gradient

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AI for tribology:Present and future

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1060-1097页

作者： Nian YIN Pufan YANG Songkai LIU Shuaihang PAN Zhinan ZHANG State Key Laboratory of mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China department of mechanical Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA

With remarkable learning capabilities and swift operational speeds,artificial intelligence(AI)can assist researchers in swiftly extracting valuable patterns,trends,and associations from subjective *** behaviors are characterized by dependence on systems,evolution with time,and multidisciplinary *** friction process involves a variety of phenomena,including mechanics,thermology,electricity,optics,magnetics,and so ***,tribological information possesses the distinct characteristics of being multidisciplinary,multilevel,and multiscale,so that the application of AI in tribology is highly *** delineate the scope,classification,and recent trends of AI implementation in tribology,this review embarks on exploration of the tribology research *** comprehensively outlines the utilization of AI in basic theory of tribology,intelligent tribology,component tribology,extreme tribology,bio-tribology,green tribology,and other ***,considering the emergence of"tribo-informatics"as a novel interdisciplinary field,which combines tribology with informatics,this review elucidates the future directions and research framework of"AI for tribology".In this paper,tribo-system information is divided into 5 categories:input information(I),system intrinsic information(S),output information(O),tribological state information(Ts),and derived state information(Ds).Then,a fusion method among 5 types of tribo-system information and different AI technologies(regression,classification,clustering,and dimension reduction)has been proposed,which enables tribo-informatics methods to solve common problems such as tribological behavior state monitoring,behavior prediction,and system *** purpose of this review is to offer a systematic comprehension of tribo-informatics and to inspire new research ideas of ***,it aspires to enhance the efficiency of problem-solving in tribology.

关键词： artificial intelligence(AI) tribology machine learning tribo-informatics AI for tribology

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Modelling and Characterization of Basalt/Vinyl Ester/SiC Micro-and Nano-hybrid Biocomposites Properties Using Novel ANN–GA Approach

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 938-952页

作者： Yesudhasan Thooyavan Lakshmi Annamali Kumaraswamidhas Robinson Dhas Edwin Raj Joseph Selvi Binoj Bright Brailson Mansingh Antony Sagai Francis Britto Alamry Ali department of mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad(ISM)DhanbadJharkhand826004India Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya(GSV-A Central University Funded By GoI in the Ministry of Railways) LalbaugVadodaraGujarat390004India Institute of mechanical Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)Saveetha UniversityChennaiTamilnadu602105India Metal Joining Research Centre Department of Mechanical EngineeringSri Ramakrishna Engineering CollegeCoimbatoreTamilnadu641022India department of mechanical Engineering Rohini College of Engineering and TechnologyPalkulamTamil Nadu629401India department of mechanical Engineering College of Engineering in Al-KharjPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University11942Al-KharjSaudi Arabia

Basalt fiber reinforcement in polymer matrix composites is becoming more and more popular because of its environmental friendliness and mechanical qualities that are comparable to those of synthetic *** fiber strengthened vinyl ester matrix polymeric composite with filler addition of nano-and micro-sized silicon carbide(SiC)element spanning from 2 weight percent to 10 weight percent was studied for its mechanical and wear *** application of Artificial Neural Network(ANN)to correlate the filler addition composition for optimum mechanical properties is required due to the non-linear mechanical and tribological features of *** stuffing blend and composition of the composite are optimized using the hybrid model and Genetic Algorithm(GA)to maximize the mechanical and wear-resistant *** predicted and tested ANN–GA optimal values obtained for the composite combination had a tensile,flexural,impact resilience,hardness and wear properties of 202.93 MPa,501.67 MPa,3.460 J/s,43 HV and 0.196 g,respectively,for its optimum combination of filler and *** can be noted that the nano-sized SiC filler particle enhances most of the properties of the composite which diversifies its *** predicted mechanical and wear values of the developed ANN–GA model were in closer agreement with the experimental values which validate the model.

关键词： Hybrid polymer composite Prediction Process modelling Artificial neural networks Genetic algorithm

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Upcycling plastic wastes into value-added products via electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 522-541页

作者： Sungsoon Kim Dongjae Kong Xiaolin Zheng Jong Hyeok Park department of Chemical&Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea department of mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Plastic,renowned for its versatility,durability,and cost-effectiveness,is indispensable in modern ***,the annual production of nearly 400 million tons of plastic,coupled with a recycling rate of only 9%,has led to a monumental environmental *** recycling has emerged as a vital response to this crisis,offering sustainable solutions to mitigate its environmental *** these recycling efforts,plastic upcycling has garnered attention,which elevates discarded plastics into higher-value ***,electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic treatments stand at the forefront of advanced plastic *** or photoelectrocatalytic treatments involve chemical reactions that facilitate electron transfer through the electrode/electrolyte interface,driven by electrical or solar energy,*** methods enable precise control of chemical reactions,harnessing potential,current density,or light to yield valuable chemical *** review explores recent progress in plastic upcycling through electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic pathways,offering promising solutions to the plastic waste crisis and advancing sustainability in the plastics industry.

关键词： Plastic upcycling Electrocatalytic reaction Photoelectrocatalytic reaction Value-added product

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Construction of ternary PEG200-based DESs lubrication systems via tailoring tribo-chemistry

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 655-669页

作者： Yuting LI Songyu LAN Yazhou LIU Cheng CAO Zicheng TANG Deyin DENG Fuyuan LIU Hao LI Xiaoqiang FAN Minhao ZHU Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials(Ministry of education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Tribology Research Institute School of Mechanical EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Designing novel lubricants with easily customized structures,devisable compositions,and simple and economic synthesis over traditional lubricants is critical to fulfilling complex applications,prolonging machine lifetime,and saving *** eutectic solvents(DESs),which show tunable composition,adjustable structure,easy fabrication,and environmental friendliness,are promising candidates for variable and complicated lubricants *** promote the use of DESs as lubricants,a series of PEG200-based DESs with active heteroatoms were fabricated to tailor the tribological performance via ***,PEG200/boric acid(BA)DES shows optimal lubrication performance by forming tribo-chemical reaction film composited of B2O3,iron oxides,and FeOOH,and PEG200/thiourea(TU)DES displays abrasive wear-reducing property by producing FeS tribo-chemical *** the excellent abrasive wear-resistance of PEG200/TU DES and friction reduction of PEG200/BA DES,ternary PEG200/BA/TU DESs,composited of PEG200/TU DES and PEG200/BA DES,are first *** ternary DESs possess superior wettability and thermal stability,which render them potential *** tests of the ternary DESs demonstrate that synergistic lubrication is achieved by forming a transfer film consisting of FexBy,BN,B2O3,and *** FexBy,BN,and B2O3 increase load bearing of the film,and FeS mitigates severe abrasive *** proposed design philosophy of novel DESs as lubricants opens up a unique realm that is unattainable by traditional DESs lubrication mechanisms and provides a platform to design next-generation DESs lubrication systems.

关键词： deep eutectic solvents(DESs) PEG200/boric acid DES PEG200/thiourea DES ternary DESs synergistic lubrication tribo-chemistry

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A hierarchical multi-UAV cooperative framework for infrastructure inspection and reconstruction

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第3期22卷 394-405页

作者： Chuanxiang Gao Xinyi Wang Xi Chen Ben M.Chen department of mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongShatinNTChina

Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)are emerging as a powerful tool for inspections and repair works in large-scale and unstructured 3D infrastructures,but current approaches take a long time to cover the entire *** using UAVs for inspections and repair works puts forward a requirement of improving time efficiency in large-scale and cluster *** paper presents a hierarchical multi-UAV cooperative framework for infrastructure inspection and reconstruction to balance the workload and reduce the overall task completion *** proposed framework consists of two stages,the exploration stage and the exploitation stage,resolving the task in a sequential *** the exploration stage,the density map is developed to update global and local information for dynamic load-balanced area partition based on reconstructability and relative positions of UAVs,and the Voronoi-based planner is used to enable the UAVs to reach their best *** obtaining the global map,viewpoints are generated and divided while taking into account the battery capacity of each ***,a shortest path planning method is used to minimize the total traveling cost of these viewpoints for obtaining a high-quality *** experiments are conducted in both a simulated and real environment to show the time efficiency,robustness,and effectiveness of the proposed ***,the whole system is implemented in real applications.

关键词： Multi-UAV Coverage path planning Infrastructure inspection and reconstruction

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