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Role of renin-angiotensin system/angiotensin converting enzyme-2 mechanism and enhanced COVID-19 susceptibility in type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 606-622页

作者： Ashwin Kumar Shukla Komal Awasthi Kauser Usman Monisha Banerjee Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory Department of ZoologyUniversity of LucknowLucknow 226007Uttar PradeshIndia department of Medicine King Georges’Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia Institute of Advanced Molecular Genetics and Infectious Diseases(IAMGID)University of LucknowLucknow 226007Uttar PradeshIndia

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a disease that caused a global pandemic and is caused by infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 *** has affected over 768 million people worldwide,resulting in approx-imately 6900000 ***-risk groups,identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,include individuals with conditions like type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),obesity,chronic lung disease,serious heart conditions,and chronic kidney *** indicates that those with T2DM face a hei-ghtened susceptibility to COVID-19 and increased mortality compared to non-diabetic *** the renin-angiotensin system(RAS),a vital regulator of blood pressure and pulmonary stability,reveals the significance of the angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)and ACE2 *** converts angiotensin-I to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin-II,while ACE2 counters this by converting angiotensin-II to angiotensin 1-7,a *** ACE2 exp-ression,common in diabetes,intensifies RAS activity,contributing to conditions like inflammation and *** ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers can be therapeutically beneficial by increasing ACE2 levels,concerns arise regarding the potential elevation of ACE2 receptors on cell membranes,potentially facilitating COVID-19 *** review explored the role of the RAS/ACE2 mechanism in amplifying severe acute respiratory syndrome cor-onavirus 2 infection and associated complications in *** treatment strategies,including recombinant human ACE2 therapy,broad-spectrum antiviral drugs,and epigenetic signature detection,are discussed as promising avenues in the battle against this pandemic.

关键词： Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Angiotensin-II receptor blockers Complex diseases COVID-19 Type 2 diabetes

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Palaeodepositional environment,implications of Glossopteris flora,and organic matter characteristics from the Lower Permian,Karo Open Cast Mine,East Bokaro Coalfield,Damodar Basin,India

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第3期13卷 528-546页

作者： Sankar Suresh Kumar Pillai Rose Ann Sebastian Runcie Paul Mathews Srikanta Murthy Anju Saxena Mrutyunjaya Sahoo Suraj Kumar Sahu Gulshan Kumar Dhingra Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences 53 University RoadLucknow-226007UPIndia Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002India department of Geology School of Earth Science SystemsCentral University of KeralaKasaragod-671316KeralaIndia department of Geology Ravenshaw UniversityCuttack-753003OdishaIndia department of Botany Sri Dev Suman Uttarakhand UniversityUttarakhand-249145India

The present study deals with the Early Permian floral diversity,palaeoenvironment,palaeoclimate and depositional setting using a multiproxy approach that includes morphotaxonomy,palynology,and organic geochemistry of Karo OCM(Open Cast Mine),East Bokaro Coalfield,Damodar Gondwana Basin,*** Permian sediments of Peninsular India are widely regarded as fluvial,along with some marine *** macroplant fossil assemblage exhibits the presence of Glossopteridales,comprising Glossopteris,Gangamopteris,and Vertebraria,as well as Coniferales,which includes *** palynological assemblage encompasses the dominance of the striate bisaccate pollen Faunipollenites *** the subdominance of the non-striate bisaccate pollen Scheuringipollenites *** glossopterid *** megafloral and palynofloral assemblage confirms the biostratigraphical age to be Late Barakar palynoflora of Kungurian *** studied morphological characteristics,including small to large Glossopteris leaves exhibiting a lanceolate shape,acute apices,and acute cuneate or tapering bases,as well as entire margins with narrower lamina and narrow meshes,suggest the existence of a dense forest with the prevalence of a warm and humid climate during their *** organic geochemical characterization based on functional group and biomarker analyses reveals the diagenetic effects on organic *** symmetric(~2865-2855 cm^(-1))and asymmetric stretching(~2930-2910 cm^(-1))peaks are identifiable in coal samples,whereas they are absent in carbonaceous *** A-factor vs.C-factor plot suggests that the kerogen type is type Ⅲ,which can generate mainly gaseous *** vitrinite reflectance studies(R_(r) av.1.1%)show increased maturity of the samples,which is supported by the n-alkane distribution pattern and the absence of hopane *** Indian floral assemblages in contemporary of southern Gondwana continents reveal a stronger inclination/affinity with th

关键词： Glossopteris Palynomorph FTIR GCMS Gondwana Permian Palaeoclimate

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Challenges in predictive modelling of chronic kidney disease:A narrative review

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World Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期13卷 26-33页

作者： Sukhanshi Khandpur Prabhaker Mishra Shambhavi Mishra Swasti Tiwari department of Molecular Medicine&Biotechnology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical ScienceLucknow 226014Uttar PradeshIndia department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014Uttar PradeshIndia department of Statistics University of LucknowLucknow 226007Uttar PradeshIndia

The exponential rise in the burden of chronic kidney disease(CKD)worldwide has put enormous pressure on the *** modeling of CKD can ease this burden by predicting the future disease occurrence ahead of its *** are various regression methods for predictive modeling based on the distribution of the outcome ***,the accuracy of the predictive model depends on how well the model is developed by taking into account the goodness of fit,choice of covariates,handling of covariates measured on a continuous scale,handling of categorical covariates,and number of outcome events per predictor parameter or sample *** performance of a predictive model on an independent cohort is ***,there are several challenges in the predictive modeling of ***-specific methodological challenges hinder the development of a predictive model that is cost-effective and universally applicable to predict CKD *** this review,we discuss the advantages and challenges of various regression models available for predictive modeling and highlight those best for future CKD prediction.

关键词： Chronic kidney disease Predictive modelling Regression Statistical modelling Methodology

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CuO–TiO_(2) based self-powered broad band photodetector

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第3期6卷 345-354页

作者： Chiranjib Ghosh Arka Dey Iman Biswas Rajeev Kumar Gupta Vikram Singh Yadav Ashish Yadav Neha Yadav Hongyu Zheng Mohamed Henini Aniruddha Mondal department of Physics National Institute of Technology DurgapurWest BengalIndia department of Physics University of Petroleum&Energy Studies DehradunUttarakhandIndia Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar university Lucknow226031India Center for Advanced Laser Manufacturing(CALM) Shandong University of TechnologyZibo255000PR China School of Physics and astronomy University of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUnited Kingdom

An efficient room-temperature self-powered,broadband(300 nm–1100 nm)photodetector based on a CuO–TiO_(2)/TiO_(2)/p-Si(100)heterostructure is *** CuO–TiO_(2)nanocomposites were grown in a two-zone horizontal tube furnace on a 40 nm TiO_(2)thin film deposited on a p-type Si(100)*** CuO–TiO_(2)/TiO_(2)/p-Si(100)devices exhibited excellent rectification characteristics under dark and individual photoillumination *** devices showed remarkable photo-response under broadband(300–1100 nm)light illumination at zero bias voltage,indicating the achievement of highly sensitive self-powered photodetectors at visible and near-infrared light *** maximum response of the devices is observed at 300 nm for an illumination power of 10 *** response and recovery times were calculated as 86 ms and 78 ms,***,under a small bias,the devices showed a prompt binary response by altering the current from positive to negative under illumination *** main reason behind this binary response is the low turn-on voltage and photovoltaic characteristics of the *** illumination conditions,the generation of photocurrent is due to the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs within the built-in electric field at the CuO–TiO_(2)/TiO_(2)*** characteristics make the CuO–TiO_(2)/TiO_(2)broadband photodetectors suitable for applications that require high response speeds and self-sufficient functionality.

关键词： Self-powered CuO–TiO_(2) nanocomposite Broadband photodetector Two-zone horizontal tube furnace Responsivity

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Formation of E-cyanomethamine in a nitrile rich environment

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Research in astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第1期17卷 1-10页

作者： Shivani Alka Misra Poonam Tandon department of mathematics & astronomy University of Lucknow Lucknow India department of Physics University of Lucknow Lucknow 226007 India

Recently a new molecule, cyanomethamine, has been detected towards Sagittarius B2（N）（Sgr B2（N））. Studying the formation mechanisms of complex interstellar molecules is difficult. Hence, a theoretical quantum chemical approach for analyzing the reaction mechanism describing the forma- tion of interstellar cyanomethamine through detected interstellar molecules and radicals （NCCN＋H） is discussed in the present work. Calculations are performed by using quantum chemical techniques, such as Density Functional Theory （DFT） and Mφ11er-Plesset perturbation （MP2） theory with a 6-311G（d,p） basis set, both in the gas phase and in icy grains. The proposed reaction path （NCCN＋H＋H） has exother- micity with no barrier which indicates the possibility of cyanomethamine formation in the interstellar medium.

关键词： interstellar medium: abundances general - general: extraterrestrial intelligence - mete-orites - individual: Sgr B2(N) region

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A stage structured model of malaria transmission and efficacy of mosquito larvicides in its control

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2014年第4期5卷 201-226页

作者： Manju Agarwal Archana S.Bhadauria department of mathematics&astronomy lucknow university Lucknow 226007 Uttar PradeshIndia

In this paper,we analyze a stage structured mathematical model for the transmission of malaria and its control by killing mosquitoes in larvae(immature)*** the Mosquito and human populations are divided into susceptible and infective ***-ceptible class of mosquito population is further divided into mature and *** model is analyzed by using stability theory of nonlinear ordinary differential *** reproduction ratio is derived which is found to be the decreasing function of maturation delay and larvicidal *** addition,it is observed that biting rate of mosquito,transmission efficiency of parasitic infection from infective human to mosquito and critical value of maturation delay are the key parameters determining the stability switch in the *** simulation is also carried out to confirm the analytical results obtained in the paper.

关键词： Mosquitoes adults immature mature bifurcation larvicides

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Quantum chemical analysis for the formation of glycine in the interstellar medium

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Research in astronomy and Astrophysics 2013年第8期13卷 912-920页

作者： Amresh Singh Shivani Alka Misra Poonam Tandon department of mathematics & astronomy University of Lucknow department of Physics University of Lucknow

Glycine （C2H5NO2） was the first amino acid to be detected in space by the stardust space probe in Comet Wild2, and is used by living organisms to make proteins. We discuss three different reaction paths for the formation of glycine in interstellar space from some simpler molecules detected in the interstellar medium. The possibility of the formation of glycine in interstellar space is considered by radicalradical and radical-molecule interaction schemes using quantum chemical calculations with density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-31G （d,p） level. In the chemical pathways we discuss, a few reactions are found to be totally exothermic and barrierless while others are endothermic with a very small reaction barrier, thus giving rise to a high probability of forming glycine in interstellar space.

关键词： astrobiology - astrochemistry - ISM: abundances - ISM: molecules

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Formation of cyanoallene(buta-2, 3-dienenitrile) in the interstellar medium: a quantum chemical and spectroscopic study

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Research in astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第3期14卷 275-284页

作者： Amresh Singh Shivani Alka Misra Poonam Tandon department of mathematics & astronomy University of Lucknow department of Physics University of Lucknow

The interstellar medium, filling the vast space between stars, is a rich reser-voir of molecular material ranging from simple diatomic molecules to more com-plex, astrobiologically important molecules such as vinylcyanide, methylcyanodiac-cetylene, cyanoaUene, etc. Interstellar molecular cyanoallene is one of the most stableisomers of methylcynoacetylene. An attempt has been made to explore the possibilityof forming cyanoallene in interstellar space by radical-radical and radical-moleculeinteraction schemes in the gaseous phase. The formation of cyanoallene starting fromsome simple, neutral interstellar molecules and radicals has been studied using densityfunctional theory. The reaction energies and structures of the reactants and productsshow that the formation of cyanoallene is possible in the gaseous phase. Both of theconsidered reaction paths are totally exothermic and barrierless, thus giving rise to ahigh probability of occurrence. Rate constants for each step in the formation processof cyanoallene in both the reaction paths are estimated. A full vibrational analysishas been attempted for cyanoallene in the harmonic and anharmonic *** spectroscopic parameters such as rotational constants, rotation-vibrationcoupling constants and centrifugal distortion constants have been calculated.

关键词： astrochemistry techniques: spectroscopic ISM: abundances ISM: molecules

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Theoretical approach to study the formation of C2H4O2 isomers in interstellar medium through reaction between interstellar formaldehyde molecules

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Research in astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第1期20卷 124-136页

作者： Aftab Ahmad Shivani Alka Misra Poonam Tandon department of mathematics&astronomy University of LucknowLucknowIndia department of Physics University of LucknowLucknowIndia

The three isomers of C2H4O2,viz.,glycolaldehyde(HCOCH2 OH),acetic acid(CH3 COOH)and methyl formate(HCOOCH3),have been detected in copious amounts in the interstellar medium(ISM).The possibility for formation of these molecules through interstellar formaldehyde(HCHO)has been explored by using the quantum chemical approach described by density functional theory(DFT)and second order Moller-Plesset perturbation(MP2)theory with a 6–311 G(d,p)basis set in the gas phase as well as in icy *** associated molecule-molecule interactions have been discussed to study the formation of isomers of C2H4O2 in *** reactions of two formaldehyde molecules exhibit a considerable potential barrier but due to quantum tunneling,these reactions could be possible in *** chemical pathway is exothermic,which gives rise to a high probability for the formation of all three isomers,***,methyl formate and acetic acid,in interstellar *** rotational vibration,centrifugal distortion constants and coupling constants are also calculated and results suggest that the vibrations are harmonic in nature.

关键词： ISM:molecules astrochemistry astrobiology abundances

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Oxidative Stressand Antioxidant Responses in Young Leaves of Mulberry Plants Grown Under Nitrogen, Phosphorus or Potassium Deficiency

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第3期49卷 313-322页

作者： Rajesh Kumar Tewari Praveen Kumar Parma Nand Sharma department of Botany University of LucknowLucknow226007India

The aim of this study was to associate the generation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） with Induced antloxidant responses and disturbed cellular redox environment in the nitrogen-（N）, phosphorus-（P）, or potassium-（K） deftcient mulberry （Morus alba L. var. Kanva-2） plants. The indicators of oxidative stress and cellular redox environment and antioxldant defense-related parameters were analyzed. Oeficlency of N, P or K suppressed growth, accelerated senescence, and decreased concentrations of chloroplastic pigments and glutathione. Lipid peroxidation and activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase were also increased in these N, P, or K deprived plants. Concentration of hydrogen peroxide Increased in plants deficient in N or P. Oeficlency of N or P particularly altered the cellular redox environment as indicated by changes in the redox couples, namely ascorbic acid/total ascorbate decreased in P-, glutathione sulfydryl/total glutathione decreased in N-, and Increased in P-deficient plants. Activity staining of native gels for superoxide dismutase revealed Increased activity as Indicated by Increased intensity of bands, and induction of few new isoforms in P- and K-deficient plants. Oifferences in the patterns of superoxide dismutase isoforms and redox status （ascorbic acid/total ascorbate and glutathlone sulfydryl/total glutathione） Indicate that N-, P-, or K-deficiency altered antioxidant responses to varying extents in mulberry plants.

关键词： antioxidants potassium-deficiency lipid peroxidation Morus alba mulberry nitrogen-deficiency oxidative stress phosphorus-deficiency reactive oxygen species

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