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Path signature-based XAI-enabled network time series classification

Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 91-106页

作者： Le SUN Yueyuan WANG Yongjun REN Feng XIA department of Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment technology(CICAEET) Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Computing Technologies Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology

Classifying network time series(NTS) is crucial for automating network administration and ensuring cyberspace security. It enables the detection of anomalies, the identification of network attacks,and the monitoring of performance issues, thereby providing valuable support for network protection and optimization. However, modern communication networks pose challenges for NTS classification *** include handling large-scale and complex NTS data, extracting features from intricate datasets, and addressing explainability requirements. These challenges are particularly pronounced for complex 5G networks. Notably, explainability has become crucial for the widespread deployment of network automation for 5G networks and beyond. To tackle these challenges, we propose a path-signature-based NTS classification model called recurrent signature(Recur Sig). This innovative model is designed to overcome the time-consuming feature selection problem by utilizing deep-learning(DL) techniques. Additionally, it provides a solution for addressing the black-box issue associated with DL models in network automation systems(NAS) by incorporating an explainable classification approach. Extensive experimentation on various public datasets demonstrates that Recur Sig outperforms existing models in accuracy and explainability. The results indicate its potential for application in cyberspace security and automated network management, offering an explainable solution for network protection and optimization.

关键词： network time series classification explainable artificial intelligence path signature automated network management recurrent neural network

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A Matching Algorithm with Reinforcement Learning and Decoupling Strategy for Order Dispatching in On-Demand Food Delivery

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Tsinghua Science and technology 2024年第2期29卷 386-399页

作者： Jingfang Chen Ling Wang Zixiao Pan Yuting Wu Jie Zheng Xuetao Ding department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China department of Delivery technology MeituanBeijing 100102China

The on-demand food delivery(OFD)service has gained rapid development in the past decades but meanwhile encounters challenges for further improving operation *** order dispatching problem is one of the most concerning issues for the OFD platforms,which refer to dynamically dispatching a large number of orders to riders reasonably in very limited decision *** solve such a challenging combinatorial optimization problem,an effective matching algorithm is proposed by fusing the reinforcement learning technique and the optimization ***,to deal with the large-scale complexity,a decoupling method is designed by reducing the matching space between new orders and ***,to overcome the high dynamism and satisfy the stringent requirements on decision time,a reinforcement learning based dispatching heuristic is *** be specific,a sequence-to-sequence neural network is constructed based on the problem characteristic to generate an order priority ***,a training approach is specially designed to improve learning ***,a greedy heuristic is employed to effectively dispatch new orders according to the order priority *** real-world datasets,numerical experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed *** results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively solve the problem by improving delivery efficiency and maintaining customer satisfaction.

关键词： order dispatching on-demand delivery reinforcement learning decoupling strategy sequence-to-sequence neural network

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Effect of organic component(tartrate) addition on cerium nitrate's ability to inhibit corrosion of mild steel in NaCl solution

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1995-2002页

作者： Minakshi Koundal Chhaya Sharma A.K.Singh department of Applied Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeSaharanpur CampusSaharanpurU.247001India department of Pulp and Paper technology Indian Institute of technology Roorke Saharanpur CampusSaharanpurU.p247001India

Cerium tartrate(CeTar),produced in this study by precipitating cerium nitrate with potassium sodium tartrate(KNaTar),was examined as a corrosion *** loss tests show inhibition efficiency of 71.7% with Ce(NO_(3))_(3) and 88.7% with CeTar inhibitor for one-month exposure to mild steel in 7 g/L NaCl *** inhibition efficiency drops to 28.6% with the fo rmer and remains around 8 7% with the latter inhibitor after six months of *** results from electrochemical testing indicate that the inhibition efficiency decreases by adding cerium ***,the cerium tartrate inhibitor demonstrates a nearly constant inhibition efficiency for up to 30 d,i.e.,≈90%.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) performed in these cases shows the following results:(ⅰ) with cerium nitrate,a film of iron and cerium oxide,which on prolonged exposure diminishes,and(ⅱ) with cerium tartrate,the formation of a bimetallic film(Fe-tartrate-Ce) and a mixture of cerium hydroxide and iro n oxide that protects steel for a longer *** inferences are based on the analyses of scanning electron microscopy/energydispersive X-ray analysis(SEM/EDAX),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray photoelectron(XPS),and Raman spectroscopy results.

关键词： Cerium tartrate Cerium nitrate Corrosion inhibition Mild steel Inhibitor film characterization Rare earths

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Robust Malicious Executable Detection Using Host-Based Machine Learning Classifier

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1419-1439页

作者： Khaled Soliman Mohamed Sobh Ayman M.Bahaa-Eldin department of Computer and Systems Engineering Ain Shams UniversityCairo11517Egypt department of Computer Engineering technology ElSewedy University of TechnologyCairo44629Egypt

The continuous development of cyberattacks is threatening digital transformation endeavors worldwide and leadsto wide losses for various organizations. These dangers have proven that signature-based approaches are insufficientto prevent emerging and polymorphic attacks. Therefore, this paper is proposing a Robust Malicious ExecutableDetection (RMED) using Host-based Machine Learning Classifier to discover malicious Portable Executable (PE)files in hosts using Windows operating systems through collecting PE headers and applying machine learningmechanisms to detect unknown infected files. The authors have collected a novel reliable dataset containing 116,031benign files and 179,071 malware samples from diverse sources to ensure the efficiency of RMED *** most effective PE headers that can highly differentiate between benign and malware files were selected totrain the model on 15 PE features to speed up the classification process and achieve real-time detection formalicious executables. The evaluation results showed that RMED succeeded in shrinking the classification timeto 91 milliseconds for each file while reaching an accuracy of 98.42% with a false positive rate equal to 1.58. Inconclusion, this paper contributes to the field of cybersecurity by presenting a comprehensive framework thatleverages Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods to proactively detect and prevent cyber-attacks.

关键词： Portable executable malware intrusion detection cybersecurity zero-day threats Host IntrusionDetection System(HIDS) machine learning Anomaly-based Intrusion Detection System(AIDS) deep learning

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Nonlinear vibration of Timoshenko FG porous sandwich beams subjected to a harmonic axial load

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第3期23卷 649-662页

作者： Milad Lezgi Moein Zanjanchi Nikoo Majid Ghadiri department of Civil Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyTehran ***Iran Civil Engineering department K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran ***Iran Faculty of Engineering Department of MechanicsImam Khomeini International UniversityQazvin ***Iran

In this study,the instability and bifurcation diagrams of a functionally graded(FG)porous sandwich beam on an elastic,viscous foundation which is influenced by an axial load,are investigated with an analytical *** do so,the Timoshenko beam theory is utilized to take the shear deformations into account,and the nonlinear Von-Karman approach is adopted to acquire the equations of ***,to turn the partial differential equations(PDEs)into ordinary differential equations(ODEs)in the case of equations of motion,the method of Galerkin is employed,followed by the multiple time scale method to solve the resulting *** impact of parameters affecting the response of the beam,including the porosity distribution,porosity coefficient,temperature increments,slenderness,thickness,and damping ratios,are explicitly *** is found that the parameters mentioned above affect the bifurcation points and instability of the sandwich porous beams,some of which,including the effect of temperature and porosity distribution,are less noticeable.

关键词： sandwich beam Timoshenko beam parametric excitation bifurcation diagrams dynamic instability

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On Some Sums Involving Small Arithmetic Functions

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第10期40卷 2497-2518页

作者： Wen Guang ZHAI department of Mathematics China University of Mining and Technology

Let f be any arithmetic function and define S_f（x）:=Σn≤xf （[x/n]）.If the function f is small,namely,f （n）﹤﹤ nε,then the error term E_f（x） in the asymptotic formula of S_f（x） has the form O(x1/2+ε).In this paper,we shall study the mean square of E_f（x） and establish some new results of E_f（x） for some special functions.

关键词： 11L07 11N37 asymptotic formula exponential sum Small arithmetic function

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Intrinsically topological second Chern insulator via synthetic dimensions

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 86-87页

作者： Seokwoo Kim Junsuk Rho department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) department of Electrical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)

Topology, an invariant quantity under continuous deformation, has significantly expanded our understanding of the phases of matter over recent *** concept, extending from quantum mechanics to classical wave platforms,... 详细信息

关键词： 2D

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An Overview of PRP-Delivering Scaffolds for Bone and Cartilage Tissue Engineering

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 674-693页

作者： Somayeh Baghersad Behzad Bolandi Rana Imani Shabnam Afaghi Samira Davoudinia department of Textile Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)Tehran159163-4311Iran department of Biomedical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)Tehran159163-4311Iran

Tissue engineering is nowadays an emerging approach that aims to replace or regenerate diseased or damaged organs with engineered constructs. Considering the key role of growth factors (GFs) in the tissue regeneration process, these biomolecules are considered an important part of the tissue engineering process, so the presence of growth factors in engineered scaffolds can accelerate tissue regeneration by influencing the behavior of cells. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), as an autologous source of a variety of growth factors, is considered a therapeutic agent for the treatment of degenerative diseases. Regarding its ability to promote the healing process and tissue regeneration, PRP therapy has attracted great attention in bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Incorporating PRP and its derivatives into engineered scaffolds not only bioactivates the scaffold, but the scaffold matrix also acts as a sustained and localized growth factor release system. In addition, the presence of a scaffold can promote the bioactivity of GFs by providing an environment that facilitates their interaction, leading to enhanced effects compared to their free form. This review presents a brief overview of PRP's role in bone and cartilage tissue regeneration with the main focus on scaffold-mediated PRP delivery. In addition, the classification of platelet-rich products, current extraction techniques, terminology, and scaffold bioactivation methods are presented to provide a better understanding of the basics and the key aspects that may affect the effectiveness of therapy in bone and cartilage tissue engineering.

关键词： Platelet-rich plasma Growth factors delivery Scaffold Bone Cartilage

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Mixed convectional and chemical reactive flow of nanofluid with slanted MHD on moving permeable stretching/shrinking sheet through nonlinear radiation,energy omission

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 193-202页

作者： Saleem Nasir Sekson Sirisubtawee Pongpol Juntharee Taza Gul department of Mathematics Faculty of Applied ScienceKing Mongkut's University of Technology North BangkokBangkok 10800Thailand department of Mathematics City University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawarPakistan

Hybrid nanofluids are remarkable functioning liquids that are intended to reduce the energy loss while maximizing the heat *** the involvement of suction and nonlinear thermal radiation effects,this study attempted to explore the energy transmission features of the inclined magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)stagnation flow of CNTs-hybrid nanofluid across the nonlinear permeable stretching or shrinking *** work also included some noteworthy features like chemical reactions,variable molecular diffusivity,quadratic convection,viscous dissipation,velocity slip and heat omission *** appropriate similarity components,the model equations were modified to ODEs and computed by using the HAM *** impact of various relevant flow characteristics on movement,heat and concentration profiles was investigated and plotted on a *** various model factors,the significance of drag friction,heat and mass transfer rate were also computed in tabular and graphical *** leads to the conclusion that such factors have a considerable impact on the dynamics of fluid as well as other engineering measurements of ***,viscous forces are dominated by increasing the values ofλ_(p),δ_(m)andδ_(q),and as a result,F(ξ)accelerates while the opposite trend is observed for M andφ.The drag friction is boosted by the augmentation M,λ_(p)andφ,but the rate of heat transfer *** to our findings,hybrid nanoliquid effects dominate that of ordinary nanofluid in terms of F(ξ),Θ(ξ)andφ(ξ)*** HAM and the numerical technique(shooting method)were found to be in good agreement.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid(SWCNT+MWCNT/H_(2)O) velocity slip conditions nonlinear thermal radiation exponential stretching/shrinking sheet inclined magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)stagnation flow

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Facile synthesis of transition metal complexes with five coplanar metal-carbon σ-bonds

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 11-12页

作者： Guocheng Jia department of Chemistry Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

Carbon is one of the most important elements in chemistry, forming a vast number of organic compounds. It can also form a variety of organometallic compounds with a metal–carbon bond. Metal alkyl, carbene and carbyne complexes are classical examples of organometallic compounds. A particularly interesting class of organometallic compounds are all-carbon metallacycles formed by combination of a metal and a hydrocarbon chain serving as a chelating agent with only carbon atoms as the donor atoms. Many interesting monocyclic metallacycles made of a chelating bidentate hydrocarbon chain are known, for example, metallacyclobutadienes, metallacyclopentadienes and metallabenzenes[1].

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