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Isolation of prostrate turfgrass mutants via screening of dwarf phenotype and characterization of a perennial ryegrass prostrate mutant

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horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 296-301页

作者： Junmei Chen Chandra Thammina Wei Li Hao Yu Huseyin Yer Rania El-Tanbouly Manon Marron Lorenzo Katin-Grazzini Yongqin Chen John Inguagiato Richard J.McAvoy Karl Guillard Xian Zhang Yi Li College of landscape architecture and Arts Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China department of Plant Science and landscape architecture University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA College of Life Sciences Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China College of horticulture Northwest A&F universityYangling 712100China

Prostrate turf varieties are desirable because of their increased low mowing tolerance,heat resistance,traffic resistance and ground coverage compared with upright *** breeding may provide a powerful tool to create prostrate varieties,but there are no simple,straightforward methods to screen for such *** of the molecular basis of the major‘green revolution’traits,dwarfism and semi-dwarfism,guided us to design a simple strategy for isolating dwarf mutants of perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.).We have shown that gamma-ray-mediated dominant dwarf mutants can be easily screened for at the three-leaf *** 10%of dwarf mutant lines also displayed a prostrate phenotype at mature stages(>10 tillers).One prostrate line,Lowboy I,has been characterized in *** I had significantly shorter canopy,leaf blade and internode lengths compared with wild *** I also exhibited greater tolerance to low mowing stress than wild *** gibberellic acid(GA)restored Lowboy I to a wild-type phenotype,indicating that the dwarf and prostrate phenotypes were both due to GA *** further showed that phenotypes of Lowboy I were dominant and stably inherited through sexual *** turfgrass mutants are difficult to screen for because the phenotype is not observed at young seedling stages,therefore our method represents a simple strategy for easily isolating prostrate ***,Lowboy I may provide an outstanding germplasm for breeding novel prostrate perennial ryegrass cultivars.

关键词： dwarf breeding seedling

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Plant Regeneration from In Vitro Cultured Hypocotyl Explants of Euonymus japonicus Cu zhi

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2006年第3期5卷 196-201页

作者： SHANG Ai-qin CAI han YAN Xiao-jie HU Hai-zi ZHAO Liang-jun department of Ornamental horticulture and landscape architecture China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 P.R.China College of horticulture Hebei Agricultural University Baoding 071001 P.R.China department of horticulture College of Agriculture Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 P.R.China

Adventitious shoots were successfully regenerated from hypocotyl explants of in vitro cultures of Euonymus japonicus Cu zhi. Hypocotyl slices were cultured on Murashige and Skoog （MS） and B5 basal medium supplemented with varied concentration of different plant growth-regulators, e.g., α-naphthaleneacetic acid （NAA） and indole-3-butyric acid （IBA） in combination with 6-benzylaminopurine （6-BA） and kinetin. The study showed that shoots could be directly regenerated from hypocotyl explants without the intervening callus phase; MS medium was more suitable for adventitious shoots regeneration. The ability of hypocotyls segments to produce shoots varied depending upon their position on the seedlings. The highest regeneration rate was obtained with hypocotyl segments near to the cotyledon cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L^-1 6-BA and 0.05 mg L^-1 NAA （63.64%）. The regenerated shoots were readily elongated on the same medium as used for multiplication and rooted on half-strength MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L^-1 IBA and 100 mg L^-1 activated carbon. After being transferred to greenhouse conditions, 96% of the plantlets were successfully acclimatized. This regeneration system is applied for genetic transformation now.

关键词： Euonymus japonicus Cu zhi hypocotyl explants adventitious shoots plant regeneration

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Associative cultural landscape approach to interpreting traditional ecological wisdom:A case of Inuit habitat

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 79-96页

作者： Peng Zhang Shuai Li department of landscape architecture College of Architecture and Urban PlanningTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Global climate change and the accelerated melting of glaciers have raised concerns about the ability to manage ice-snow ***,human ancestors have mastered the ecological wisdom of working with ice-snow environments,but the phenomenon has not yet been articulated in cultural landscape methodologies that emphasize“nature-culture relevance”.The challenging living environment often compels indigenous people to form a strong bond with their surroundings,leading to the creation of long-term ecological wisdom through synergistic relationships with the *** ecological environment is conceptualized as a cognitive space in the form of the landscape,with which the aboriginal community norms and individual spirits continually *** interactions generate numerous non-material cultural evidences,such as culture,art,religion,and other ideological aspects of the *** evidences symbolize the intellectual outcome of the relationship between humans and the landscape,and they create the“spiritual relevance”through personification and *** aim of the study is to explore the traditional ecological wisdom of the Inuit people who live in the harsh Arctic,and analyze the Inuit’s interaction with the landscape through the lens of“associative cultural landscape”,and decode the survival experience that the Inuit have accumulated through their long-term synergy with the Arctic *** findings focus on the synergy between the Inuit and the ice-snow landscape,examining the knowledge and ecological wisdom that the Inuit acquire from the ice-snow *** goal is to develop a perspective of the ecological environment from the viewpoint of aboriginal people and establish a methodology,model,and framework for“associative cultural landscape”that incorporates ethnic non-material cultural *** the results,a total of nine models for interpreting traditional Inuit ecological wisdom are generated based on the“diamond

关键词： landscape architecture Associative cultural landscape Nature-culture relevance Cultural landscape Traditional ecological wisdom Non-material cultural evidence Methodology Habitat Living environment Ice-snow landscape

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Research on Small-Scale Characteristics of Urban Vitality Space Driven by Multi-Source Sentiment Data: With “Xidan The New” and “Beijing Fun” in Beijing as Examples

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China City Planning Review 2024年第4期33卷 44-54页

作者： Zhang Ruoshi Gong Yao Luo Yinjing Qian Fang department of architecture School of Landscape Architecture Beijing Forestry University School of landscape architecture Beijing Forestry University

Against the background of urban regeneration,“reducing quantity and improving quality” has been the core demand for planning and development in Beijing’s central urban areas,which applies to the development of urban vitality spaces of the city as *** the meantime,in the digital age,users’ sentiment needs for urban spaces continuously increase,making it necessary to consider the sentiment connection between people and the built environment when creating vitality *** study uses two typical examples of urban regeneration vitality spaces in Beijing,“Xidan The New” and “Beijing Fun,” and uses the sentiment connection theory that is based on multiple disciplines as a lever to introduce the thinking,technology,and methods of data science,focusing on the lack of attention to small-scale built environment features in vitality space *** study integrates the from-top-to-bottom sentiment connection scale data,the qualitative research data,and the from-bottom-to-top big data sentiment analysis to explore the characteristics of small-scale vitality space that can stimulate positive sentiment experiences for users and to bring the discussion of spatial vitality back to the human scale and real three-dimensional spatial *** the end,this study summarizes the elements of small-scale spatial vitality and constructs evaluation indicators for sentiment connection to vitality *** goal is to expand and refine the research scope of urban vitality spaces,update corresponding design and evaluation methods,and ensure that the spatial expression of “vitality” truly reflects liveliness and responds to human nature.

关键词： urban vitality space small-scale space characteristics multi-source sentiment data sentiment connection between human and built envi-ronment

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Phosphate Starvation Responses and Gibberellic Acid Biosynthesis Are Regulated by the MYB62 Transcription Factor in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2009年第1期2卷 43-58页

作者： Ballachanda N. Devaiah Ramaiah Madhuvanthi Athikkattuvalasu S. Karthikeyan Kashchandra G. Raghothama department of horticulture and landscape architecture Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-116S USA

The limited availability of phosphate （Pi） in most soils results in the manifestation of Pi starvation responses in plants. To dissect the transcriptional regulation of Pi stress-response mechanisms, we have characterized the biological role of MYB62, an R2R3-type MYB transcription factor that is induced in response to Pi deficiency. The induction of MYB62 is a specific response in the leaves during Pi deprivation. The MYB62 protein localizes to the nucleus. The overexpression of MYB62 resulted in altered root architecture, Pi uptake, and acid phosphatase activity, leading to decreased total Pi content in the shoots. The expression of several Pi starvation-induced （PSI） genes was also suppressed in the MYB62 overexpressing plants. Overexpression of MYB62 resulted in a characteristic gibberellic acid （GA）-deficient phenotype that could be partially reversed by exogenous application of GA. In addition, the expression of SOC1 and SUPERMAN, molecular reg- ulators of flowering, was suppressed in the MYB62 overexpressing plants. Interestingly, the expression of these genes was also reduced during Pi deprivation in wild-type plants, suggesting a role for GA biosynthetic and floral regulatory genes in Pi starvation responses. Thus, this study highlights the role of MYB62 in the regulation of phosphate starvation responses via changes in GA metabolism and signaling. Such cross-talk between Pi homeostasis and GA might have broader implications on flowering, root development and adaptive mechanisms during nutrient stress.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress nutrition signal transduction.

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Hybrid de novo genome assembly of red gromwell(Lithospermum erythrorhizon)reveals evolutionary insight into shikonin biosynthesis

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horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1651-1665页

作者： Robert P.Auber Thiti Suttiyut Rachel M.McCoy Manoj Ghaste Joseph W.Crook Amanda L.Pendleton Joshua R.Widhalm Jennifer H.Wisecaver department of Biochemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Purdue Center for Plant Biology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA department of horticulture and landscape architecture Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Lithospermum erythrorhizon(red gromwell;zicao)is a medicinal and economically valuable plant belonging to the Boraginaceae *** from *** have been used for centuries based on the antiviral and woundhealing properties produced from the bioactive compound shikonin and its *** recently,shikonin,its enantiomer alkannin,and several other shikonin/alkannin derivatives have collectively emerged as valuable natural colorants and as novel drug *** several transcriptomes and proteomes having been generated from ***,a reference genome is still *** has limited investigations into elucidating the shikonin/alkannin pathway and understanding its evolutionary and ecological *** this study,we obtained a de novo genome assembly for *** using a combination of Oxford Nanopore long-read and Illumina short-read sequencing *** resulting genome is∼367.41 Mb long,with a contig N50 size of 314.31 kb and 27,720 predicted protein-coding *** the *** genome,we identified several additional phydroxybenzoate:geranyltransferase(PGT)homologs and provide insight into their evolutionary *** analysis of prenyltransferases suggests that PGTs originated in a common ancestor of modern shikonin/alkanninproducing Boraginaceous species,likely from a retrotransposition-derived duplication event of an ancestral prenyltransferase ***,knocking down expression of LePGT1 in *** hairy root lines revealed that LePGT1 is predominantly responsible for shikonin production early in culture *** together,the reference genome reported in this study and the provided analysis on the evolutionary origin of shikonin/alkannin biosynthesis will guide elucidation of the remainder of the pathway.

关键词： insight collective evolutionary

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STORMWATER NATURE POCKETS: A CASE FOR USING GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE TO CREATE ENGAGING CHILDHOOD SPACES

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Journal of Green Building 2015年第3期10卷 14-27页

作者： Adrienne Cizek Andrew Fox Stormwater Solutions Engineering LLC North Carolina State University department of landscape architecture

Urban areas require stormwater *** there has been a movement towards more nature-based,green infrastructure approaches for managing *** systems have also demonstrated additional ecosystem benefits much needed in urban *** the same time,decades of research support the need for access to nature for healthy childhood *** and locating nature-based stormwater systems where children frequent renders systems as multi-functional spaces,providing synergetic opportunities,which benefit individuals and *** to integrating these spaces include safety,cost,and management,all of which can be overcome by smart and appropriate *** design requires collaboration between different skillsets and stakeholders through some minimal,but essential changes in the consultation and design ***,integrating nature-based stormwater practices into children’s outdoor spaces will provide economic,environmental,and social benefits to urban areas.

关键词： green infrastructure low impact development outdoor learning environments nature play stormwatersoil biology plant factor evapotranspiration drip irrigation organic maintenance hands-on workshop

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Aequorin-Based Luminescence Imaging Reveals Stimulus-and Tissue-Specific Ca^2＋ Dynamics in Arabidonsis Plants

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 444-455页

作者： Xiaohong Zh Ying Feng Gaimei Liang Na Liu Jian-Kang Zhua department of horticulture and landscape architecture Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences ChineseAcademy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China

Calcium ion is a versatile second messenger for diverse cell signaling in response to developmental and environmental cues. The specificity of Ca^2＋-mediated signaling is defined by stimulus-elicited Ca^2＋ signature and down-stream decoding processes. Here, an Aequorin-based luminescence recording system was developed for monitoring Ca^2＋ in response to various stimuli in Arabidopsis. With the simple, highly sensitive, and robust Ca^2＋ recording, this system revealed stimulus-and tissue-specific Ca^2＋ signatures in seedlings. Cellular Ca^2＋ dynamics and relationship to Aequorin-based Ca^2＋ recording were explored using a GFP-based Ca^2＋ indicator, which suggested that a synchronous cellular Ca^2＋ signal is responsible for cold-induced Ca^2＋ response in seedlings, whereas asynchronous Ca^2＋ oscillation contributes to osmotic stress-induced Ca^2＋ increase in seedlings. The optimized recording system would be a powerful tool for the iden-tification and characterization of novel components in Ca^2＋ -mediated stress-signaling pathways,

关键词： Aequorin Case12 abiotic stress calcium Arabidopsis.

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RoTFL1c of Rosa multiflora has a dual-function in suppressing reproductive growth and promoting vegetative growth of Arabidopsis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第12期61卷 1599-1601页

作者： Fang Wang Lijuan Lian Yunfeng Liu Yuman Zhang Rongxiang Fang Qinglin Liu department of Ornamental horticulture and landscape architecture China Agriculture UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Dear Editor, TFL1homologues play a key role in the flowering habit of *** analyze the function of the newly isolated TFL1 gene of Rosa multiflora(Chen et al.,2013),named RoTFLlc,we performed overexpression analyses in Arabidopsis *** compared with empty vector control and wild type Arabidopsis plants,RoTFLlc overexpressing transgenic plants exhibited strong phenotypes such as a clustered habit,an increased number of rosette leaves, late flowering or failure to flower.

关键词： RoTFL1c Rosa multiflora

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Multiplex gene editing in rice with simplified CRISPR-Cpf1 and CRISPR-Cas9 systems

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第8期60卷 626-631页

作者： Mugui Wang Yanfei Mao Yuming Lu Zhidan Wang Xiaoping Tao Jian-Kang Zhu Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201602 China department of horticulture and landscape architecture Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA

The class 2 clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat （CRISPR） systems have been widely used for simultaneous modification of multiple loci in plants. Traditionally, the type II CRISPR-Cas9 or type V CRISPR-Cpfl （also known as Cas12a） system is a two-component transcriptional unit （TCTU） in which the Cas9 or Cpf1 protein is expressed from an RNA polymerase （pol） II promoter, whereas the single guide RNA （sgRNA） is typically expressed from a Pol III promoter, such as U6 or U3 promoter.

关键词： Multiplex gene editing in rice with simplified CRISPR-Cpf1 and CRISPR-Cas9 systems PAM Figure LEA

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