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Sedimentary and Heavy Mineral Records for the Oligocene-Miocene Exhumation of the Easternmost Tianshan

Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 449-461页

作者： Yan Ding Tianyi Shen Guocan Wang Junliang Ji School of Earth Sciences Center for Global TectonicsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan430078China Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China

The topography of the Harlik Mountain has a strong impact on the formation of current arid climate in the Turpan-Hami ***,it is still controversial if Harlik Mountain experienced significant exhumation during the Middle to Late Cenozoic according to the previous thermochronology *** features of the Oligocene to Miocene sediments in the foreland basin could provide productive information for resolving the *** peak ages of detrital apatite fission track analysis of the Oligocene–Miocene sandstone in the Turpan-Hami Basin are well comparable with the cooling age records of the Harlik Mountain rocks,indicating that the Oligocene–Miocene Taoshuyuanzi Formation in the basin was mostly derived from the Harlik *** stratigraphic sequence exhibits coarsening upward,reflecting that the source area was in a tectonically active period during the deposition *** mineral assemblages also suggest that the unstable minerals in the sediment increased significantly at the end of the ***,the proportion of apatite increased up-section,while the garnet content decreased significantly,indicating that the Carboniferous metamorphic rocks have been gradually eroded out and more intrusive rocks have been exposed to the *** observations suggest that the Harlik Mountain experienced exhumation during the Oligocene to Miocene,and the denudation depth afterward was probably less than 2.5 km according to the previously apatite(U-Th)/He *** Oligocene–Miocene exhumation probably acted as one of the triggers for the heavy drought of the Turpan-Hami Basin during the Middle–Late Neogene.

关键词： Turpan-Hami Basin Harlik Mountain Taoshuyuanzi Formation Oligocene–Miocene uplift sedimentology structural geology

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Theory and classification of mass extinction causation

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 16-36页

作者： Thomas J.Algeo Jun Shen State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences—Wuhan State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences—Wuhan department of geosciences University of Cincinnati

Theory regarding the causation of mass extinctions is in need of systematization, which is the focus of this contribution. Every mass extinction has both an ultimate cause, i.e. the trigger that leads to various climato-environmental changes, and one or more proximate cause(s), i.e. the specific climato-environmental changes that result in elevated biotic mortality. With regard to ultimate causes, strong cases can be made that bolide(i.e. meteor) impacts, large igneous province(LIP) eruptions and bioevolutionary events have each triggered one or more of the Phanerozoic Big Five mass extinctions, and that tectono-oceanic changes have triggered some second-order extinction events. Apart from bolide impacts, other astronomical triggers(*** flares, gamma bursts and supernova explosions) remain entirely in the realm of speculation. With regard to proximate mechanisms, most extinctions are related to either carbon-release or carbon-burial processes, the former being associated with climatic warming, ocean acidification, reduced marine productivity and lower carbonate δ13C values, and the latter with climatic cooling, increased marine productivity and higher carbonate δ13C values. Environmental parameters such as marine redox conditions and terrestrial weathering intensity do not show consistent relationships with carbon-cycle *** this context, mass extinction causation can be usefully classified using a matrix of ultimate and proximate factors. Among the Big Five mass extinctions, the end-Cretaceous biocrisis is an example of a bolide-triggered carbon-release event, the end-Permian and end-Triassic biocrises are examples of LIP-triggered carbon-release events, and the Late Ordovician and Late Devonian biocrises are examples of bioevolution-triggered carbon-burial events. Whereas the bolide-impact and LIP-eruption mechanisms appear to invariably cause carbon release, bioevolutionary triggers can result in variable carbon-cycle changes, e.g. carbon burial durin

关键词： biocrisis ultimate cause proximate cause bolide large igneous province bioevolutionary event

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Seismic attribute and well-log analysis for channel characterization in the upper San Andres and Grayburg formations of the Midland Basin,Texas

Energy Geoscience

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 263-278页

作者： Sumit Verma Esra Yalçın Yılmaz Laura Ortiz Sanguino Justin Yandell Miles A.Henderson Robert C.Trentham department of geosciences The University of Texas Permian BasinOdessaTXUSA School of geosciences The University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA

The Permian Basin is one of the most prolific,and currently one of the most active,oil and gas basins in the *** Lower Permian strata in the Permian Basin have produced more than 14 billion barrels of oil(BBO),making it the largest volume of hydrocarbon in the *** in the Midland Basin during late Leonardian through early Guadalupian(ca.272e269 Ma)resulted in progradation of shelf edge and ultimately closure of the basin by Middle Permian *** analyzed a merged seismic survey covering parts of the Permian Basin(i.e.,Central Basin Platform and Midland Basin)in Andrews,Ector,and Midland Counties,*** seismic survey and well logs show the presence of gently dipping(ca.1°)clinoforms in the Upper San Andres and Grayburg Formations on the eastern edge of the Central Basin Platform and western Midland *** seismic attributes,curvature,and spectral decomposition identify low sinuosity slope channels oriented north-south,but such channels do not appear beyond the *** shelf edge shifts from north to south during deposition of the Upper San Andres and Grayburg *** identify five basinward shifts noted by the migration of the shelf edge toward the basin center and the presence of channel features along the depositional *** petrophysical analysis indicates that channels cut into carbonate rocks and are filled by siliciclastic sediments;this interpretation is supported by the most negative curvature anomalies along the channel axes caused by the differential compaction between the carbonate and siliciclastic *** are a few channels with a northwest-southeast strike,which matches the direction of the Concho Lineament observed by satellite *** observations are consistent with previous interpretations of the northern Midland Basin closure during Middle-Late Permian time.

关键词： Permian shelf carbonate

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Establishing the relationship between land use land cover,normalized difference vegetation index and land surface temperature:A case of Lower Son River Basin,India

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geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 265-275页

作者： Shipra Singh Pankaj Kumar Rakhi Parijat Barbaros Gonengcil Abhinav Rai department of geography Miranda HouseUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia department of geography Delhi School of EconomicsUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia department of geography Istanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The study explores the intricate interplay between land use land cover(LULC),normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),and land surface temperature(LST)within the Lower Son River Basin in India from 1991 to *** region’s ecological balance has been increasingly strained due to rapid urbanization and changing land use *** a combination of Landsat TM&OLI/TIRS satellite imageries and geospatial analysis techniques,this study unveils the intricate connection between land use and land cover changes,vegetation,and land surface temperature *** study area is classified into three altitudinal zones(Zone I:39–300 m,Zone II:301–600 m and Zone III:601–1,247 m)to examine the changes in *** area has seen significant changes in LULC,vegetation and LST in all the three altitudinal *** findings hold significant implications for sustainable land management and environmental conservation strategies in the Lower Son River *** per the result,103,438 ha of vegetation was converted into agriculture land and 82,572 ha of agricultural land was transformed into settlements from 1991 to *** trend shows human pressure on the land resource in the study *** increase in water body is seen which is attributed to commissioning of Bansagar *** I has seen highest settlement growth while Zone III experienced severe deforestation of around 15%.Zone II and III needs attention for holistic *** of LST shows that it has increased by 0.82℃ from 1991 to 2020 which is a red *** study underscores the critical importance of balanced land use practices to preserve ecological integrity and mitigate the adverse effects of urbanization and climate change.

关键词： Lower Son River Basin LULC LST NDVI Correlation

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Impacts of artificial dams on terrestrial water storage changes and the Earth's elastic load response during 1950-2016: A case study of medium and large reservoirs in Chinese mainland

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第3期15卷 252-263页

作者： Linsong Wang Mingtao Zhu Yulong Zhong Jianwei Sun Zhenran Peng Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Image Key Laboratory School of Geophysics and GeomaticsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Three Gorges Research Center for Geo-hazard Ministry of EducationChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of geography and Information Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China

The construction of dams for intercepting and storing water has altered surface water distributions, landsea water exchanges, and the load response of the solid Earth. The lack of accurate estimation of reservoir properties through the land surface and hydrological models can lead to water storage simulation and extraction errors. This impact is particularly evident in many artificial reservoirs in China. The study aims to comprehensively assess the spatiotemporal distribution and trends of water storage in medium and large reservoirs(MLRs) in Chinese mainland during 1950-2016, and to investigate the gravity,displacement, and strain effects induced by the reservoir mass concentration using the load elasticity theory. In addition, the impoundment contributions of MLRs to the relative sea level changes were assessed using a sea-level equation. The results show impoundment increases in the MLRs during1950-2016, particularly in the Yangtze River(Changjiang) and southern basins, causing significant elastic load effects in the surrounding areas of the reservoirs and increasing the relative sea level in China's offshore. However, long-term groundwater estimation trends are overestimated and underestimated in the Yangtze River and southwestern basins, respectively, due to the neglect of the MLRs impacts or the uncertainty of the hydrological model's output(e.g., soil moisture, etc.). The construction of MLRs may reduce the water mass input from land to the ocean, thus slowing global sea level rise. The results of the impact of human activities on the regional water cycle provide important references and data support for improving the integration of hydrological models, evaluating Earth's viscoelastic responses under longterm reservoir storage, enhancing in-situ and satellite geodetic measurements, and identifying the main factors driving sea level changes.

关键词： Man-made dams Terrestrial water storage Elastic load response Sea level changes Chinese mainland

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Integrating Shipborne Images with Multichannel Deep Learning for Landslide Detection

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 296-300页

作者： Pengfei Feng Changdong Li Shuang Zhang Jie Meng Jingjing Long School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China department of Civil Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics Changan UniversityXi'an 710054China department of geosciences University of OsloOslo 0316Norway

0 *** disasters in recession zones along riverbanks impose significant global social,economic,and ecological *** areas are particularly susceptible to *** inflict significant harm due to fluctuating water levels(Meng et al.,2023;Dai et al.,2021;Li et al.,2021).This,in turn,endangers the safety and accessibility of roads and waterways adjacent to rivers,and hydropower station and reservoir security(Yan et al.,2022;Guo et al.,2020;Tang et al.,2017).

关键词： reservoir Landslide Ship

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Factors determining changes in the network of marked hiking trails in the Sudetes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1075-1099页

作者： Krzysztof KOŁODZIEJCZYK department of Regional geography and Tourism Institute of Geography and Regional DevelopmentFaculty of Earth Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of WroclawNo.1Uniwersytecki Square50-137 WroclawPoland

Hiking trails are a basic type of tourist infrastructure,which,on the one hand,make areas available for tourist traffic,and on the other hand,can contribute to the protection of the natural environment(if they are well designed and maintained).Owing to the variety of performed functions,their designation is determined by several factors:natural,technical,economic,*** of trails change *** aim of this article is to determine exactly what factors influence transformations within the hiking trail networks and what is their *** this end,three study areas in the Sudetes were analysed:one on the Polish side of the Sudetes-the Table(Stołowe)Mountains,and two on the Czech side-the rock town near the village of Sloup vČechách and the central part of Zlatohorská*** analysis of changes in the shape of the networks over time was carried out,as well as surveys of institutions that were responsible for or influenced these *** areas are characterised by a significant level of changes in the trail *** the factors influencing these changes,the tourist attractiveness of the area,the resilience of the environment,the intensity of tourism traffic,the environmental transformations associated with it,the history of tourism development and land ownership changes should be considered the most *** each stage of forming networks,the key factor should be tourists’needs,including the desire to escape the urbanised *** this reason,trails should avoid roads with artificial(hard)surfaces and heavy automobile traffic.

关键词： Hiking trails Trail networks Graphs Tourist traffic Sudetes

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Interdecadal variation of drought patterns and associated influencing factors in the north-south transitional zone of China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第7期34卷 1253-1279页

作者： DONG Qingdong ZHU Lianqi DUAN Zheng WANG Liyuan CHEN Chaonan LI Yanhong ZHU Wenbo GURUNG Sher Bahadur The College of geography and Environmental Science Henan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China department of Physical geography and Ecosystem Science Lund UniversityLundS-22362Sweden Central department of geography Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu44600Nepal

In the context of global warming,escalating water cycles have led to a surge in drought frequency and ***,multidecadal fluctuations in drought and their multifaceted influencing factors remain inadequately *** study examined the multidecadal changes in drought characteristics(frequency,duration,and severity)and their geographical focal points within China's north-south transitional zone,the Qinling-Daba Mountains(QDM),from 1960 to 2017 using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI).In addition,a suite of eight scenarios,correlation analysis,and wavelet coherence were used to identify the meteorological and circulation factors that influenced drought *** results indicate the following:(1)From 1960 to 2017,the QDM experienced significant interdecadal variations in drought frequency,duration,and severity,the climate was relatively humid before the 1990s,but drought intensified ***,the 1990s marked the period of the longest drought duration and greatest severity,while the years spanning 2010 to 2017 experienced the highest frequency of drought events.(2)Spatially,the Qinling Mountains,particularly the western Qinling Mountain,exhibited higher drought frequency,duration,and severity than the Daba *** disparity can be attributed to higher rates of temperature increase and precipitation decrease in the western Qinling Mountain.(3)Interdecadal variations in droughts in the QDM were directly influenced by the synergistic effects of interdecadal fluctuations in air temperature and *** factors modulate temperature and precipitation through phase transitions,thereby affecting drought dynamics in the *** Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation emerges as the primary circulation factors influencing temperature changes,with a mid-1990s shift to a positive phase favoring *** East Asian Summer Monsoon and El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation are the main circulation factors a

关键词： drought standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index multidecadal shift transitional zone Qinling-Daba Mountains

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Partitioning Anatolian Kinematics into Tectonic Escape and Slab Rollback Dominated Domains

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 758-768页

作者： Jiannan Meng Timothy M.Kusky Erdin Bozkurt Hao Deng Ozan Sinoplu State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Center for Global TectonicsSchool of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Badong National Observatory and Research Station for Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China department of Geological Engineering Middle East Technical University06800 AnkaraTurkey department of geosciences Auburn UniversityAuburn AL 36849USA

Anatolia is the global archetype of tectonic escape,as witnessed by the devastating 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake sequence,and the 2020 Samos Earthquake,which show different kinematics related to the framework of the escape *** Positioning System(GPS)motions of the wedge-shaped plate differ regionally from northwestwards to southwestwards(from east to west).Anatolia was extruded westward from the Arabian-Eurasian collision along the North and East Anatolian fault systems,rotating counterclockwise into the oceanic free-faces of the Mediterranean and Aegean,with dramatic extension of western Anatolia in traditional ***,which is the dominant mechanism for this change in kinematics,extrusion related to the Arabia/Eurasia collision or rollback of the African slab beneath western Anatolia is still *** assess the dominant driving mechanisms across Anatolia,we analyze recent GPS velocity datasets,and decomposed them into N-S and E-W components,revealing that westward motion is essentially constant across the whole plate and consistent with the slip rates of the North and East Anatolia fault zones,while southward components increase dramatically in the transition area between central and western Anatolia,where a slab tear is *** phenomenon is related to different tectonic driving *** ArabiaEurasia collision drives the Anatolian Plate uniformly westwards while western Anatolia is progressively more affected by the southward retreating African subducting slab west of the Aegean/Cypriot slab tear,which significantly increases the southward component of the velocity field and causes the apparent curve of the whole modern velocity *** 2020 and 2023 earthquake focal mechanisms also confirm that the northward colliding Arabian Plate forced Anatolia to the west,and the retreating African slab is pulling the upper plate of western Anatolian apart in *** propose that the Anatolian Plate is moving westwards as

关键词： tectonics neotectonics tectonic escape slab rollback Anatolian Plate GPS velocity field geodynamics.

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Surface pollen and modern vegetation in Southern Xinjiang,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 510-530页

作者： Yun ZHANG Lixin CHEN Yaoyao XI Zhaochen KONG Xianguo QIAO State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130102China Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of geosciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China

The study of modern pollen,and vegetation can improve the accuracy of paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on fossil pollen data.A total of 188 pollen surface samples were collected from Southern Xinjiang(34°00’–43°00’N,74°00’–94°00’E)in China,with an elevation range of 888–4530 *** pollen and vegetation were studied in the northern region of the Kunlun Mountains and the southern region of the Tianshan *** results showed that the surface pollen assemblages on the southern slope of the Tianshan Mountains(3530–1124 m)were divided into three pollen zones,namely,montane steppe,montane desert steppe,and montane *** zones were dominated by Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,and Ephedra *** surface pollen assemblages in the eastern Pamir Plateau(4530–1287 m)could be divided into alpine meadow,montane desert steppe,and montane desert zones,which were predominantly characterized by Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,and Asteraceae ***,the Southern Tarim Basin(3548–888 m)comprised montane desert steppe and montane desert zones,which was dominated by Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae *** geographic distribution of the surface pollen sites obtained using ArcGIS,the R-value,and Pearson correlation analyses indicated that the over-represented Picea and Pinus pollen were of external origin and were transported by wind,water(rivers),and ice(glacier movement).Over-representation of Ephedra and Nitraria pollen was mainly distributed in the montane desert and desert steppe zones,*** from Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia were over-represented and broadly distributed across Southern *** pollen was concentrated in areas with walnut trees,strongly indicating the presence of local parent *** to the Hybrid Singleparticle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model,more Pinus pollen was transported to the Pamir region by external airflows during spring and summer,resulting in its higher surface pollen *** elucidating t

关键词： Surface pollen Vegetation Distribution Picea Southern Xinjiang

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