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林语堂的抗争精神

鲁迅研究月刊 2012年第4期 50-55页

作者：周质平 department of east asian studies rm.211 jones hall Princeton UniversityNY10027

提起林语堂（1895，10，10—1976，3，26），一般人和这个名字联想在一起的，不外是“幽默”、“闲适”、“小品文”、“生活情趣”等这类不动干戈、不伤和气的字眼。这样的联想当然是其来有自的，在他等身的著作中，林语堂毫不讳言快... 详细信息

提起林语堂（1895，10，10—1976，3，26），一般人和这个名字联想在一起的，不外是“幽默”、“闲适”、“小品文”、“生活情趣”等这类不动干戈、不伤和气的字眼。这样的联想当然是其来有自的，在他等身的著作中，林语堂毫不讳言快乐是无罪的，而追求快乐是生活的目的。如果仅从这个角度来论林语堂，“抗争”这两个字几乎和他扯不上关系。但是，林语堂一生在幽默闲适之中始终带着一种对正统道学的鄙视，这种鄙视，正是一种抗争。他之所以对苏东坡，袁中郎等人大致其景仰之意，并为东坡立传，

关键词：抗争精神林语堂生活情趣苏东坡小品文联想幽默闲适

Transurethral resection of bladder tumor: A systematic review of simulator-based training courses and curricula

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asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 1-9页

作者： Panagiotis Kallidonis Angelis Peteinaris Gernot Ortner Kostantinos Pagonis Costantinos Adamou Athanasios Vagionis Evangelos Liatsikos Bhaskar Somani Theodoros Tokas department of Urology University Hospital of RionPatrasGreece department of Urology and Andrology General Hospital Hall I.T.Hall in TirolAustria Medical University of Vienna ViennaAustria department of Urology University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK

Objective:Transurethral resection of bladder tumor is one of the most common everyday urological *** kind of surgery demands a set of skills that need training and *** this review,we aimed to investigate the current literature to find out if simulators,phantoms,and other training models could be used as a tool for teaching ***:A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses statement and the recommendations of the European Association of Urology guidelines for conducting systematic *** out of 932 studies met our inclusion criteria and are presented in the current ***:The UroTrainer(Karl Storz GmbH,Tuttlingen,Germany),a virtual reality training simulator,achieved positive feedback and an excellent face and construct validity by the *** inspection of bladder mucosa,blood loss,tumor resection,and procedural time was improved after the training,especially for inexperienced urologists and medical *** construct validity of UroSim®(VirtaMed,Zurich,Switzerland)was *** simulator(Samed GmbH,Dresden,Germany)was found to be a realistic and useful tool by experts and urologists with intermediate *** test objective competency model based on SIMBLA simulator could be used for evaluating *** porcine model of the asian Urological Surgery Training and Education Group also received positive feedback by the participants that tried *** Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning Initiative Project had an extraordinary face and content validity,and 60%of participants would like to use the simulators in the *** 5-day multimodal training curriculum“Boot Camp”in the United Kingdom achieved an increase of the level of confidence of the participants that lasted months after the ***:Simulators and courses or curricula based on a simulator training could be a valuable learning tool fo

关键词： Simulator Train Curriculum Transurethral resection Vaporesection Laser Bladder

Analysis of the inflection points of height-diameter models

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 414-422页

作者： Tzeng Yih Lam Mark J.Ducey department of Forest Resources Management Faculty of ForestryThe University of British Columbia2045-2424 Main MallVancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New Hampshire114 James HallDurhamNH 03824USA

The inflection point is an important feature of sigmoidal height-diameter(H-D)*** is often cited as one of the properties favoring sigmoidal model ***,there are very few studies analyzing the inflection points of H-D *** goals of this study were to theoretically and empirically examine the behaviors of inflection points of six common H-D models with a regional *** six models were the Wykoff(WYK),Schumacher(SCH),Curtis(CUR),HossfeldⅣ(HOS),von Bertalanffy-Richards(VBR),and Gompertz(GPZ)*** models were first fitted in their base forms with tree species as random effects and were then expanded to include functional traits and spatial *** distributions of the estimated inflection points were similar between the two-parameter models WYK,SCH,and CUR,but were different between the threeparameter models HOS,VBR,and *** produced some of the largest inflection *** and VBR produced concave H-D curves without inflection points for 12.7%and 39.7%of the tree *** species or decreasing shade tolerance resulted in larger inflection *** trends in the estimated inflection points of HOS and VBR were entirely opposite across the ***,HOS could produce concave H-D curves for portions of the *** on the studied behaviors,the choice between two-parameter models may not *** recommend comparing seve ral three-parameter model forms for consistency in estimated inflection points before deciding on *** sigmoidal models to have inflection points does not necessarily mean that they will produce fitted curves with *** study highlights the need to integrate analysis of inflection points into modeling H-D relationships.

关键词： Concavity Forest inventory and analysis Generalized height-diameter models Growth functions Height-diameter functions Mixed-effects modeling Points of inflection Species-specific models

Highly Weak-light Sensitive and Dual-band Switchable Photodetector Based on CuI/Si Unilateral Heterojunction

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无机材料学报 2024年第9期39卷 1063-1069页

作者： YANG Jialin WANG Liangjun RUAN Siyuan JIANG Xiulin YANG Chang Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices(MOE) Shanghai Center of Brain-inspired Intelligent Materials and DevicesDepartment of ElectronicsEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Cell R&D Center JA Solar Holdings Co.LtdYangzhou 225000China

In recent years,copper iodide(CuI)is an emerging p-type wide bandgap semiconductor with high intrinsic hall mobility,high optical absorption and large exciton binding ***,the spectral response and the photoelectric conversion efficiency are limited for CuI-based heterostructure devices,which is related to the difficulty in fabrication of high-quality CuI thin films on other *** this study,a p-CuI/n-Si photodiode has been fabricated through a facile solid-phase iodination *** the CuI thin film is polycrystalline with obvious structural defects,the CuI/Si diode shows a high weak-light sensitivity and a high rectification ratio of 7.6×10^(4),indicating a good defect *** is because of the unilateral heterojunction behavior of the formation of the p^(+)n *** this work,the mechanism of photocurrent of the p^(+)n diode has been studied *** monochromatic lasers with wavelengths of 400,505,635 and 780 nm have been selected for testing the *** zero-bias voltage,the device is a unilateral heterojunction,and only visible light can be absorbed at the Si *** the other hand,when a bias voltage of-3 V is applied,the photodiode is switched to a broader“UV-visible”band response ***,the detection wavelength range can be switched between the“Visible”and“UV-visible”bands by adjusting the bias ***,the obtained CuI/Si diode was very sensitive to weak light illumination.A very high detectivity of 10^(13)-1014 jones can be achieved with a power density as low as 0.5μW/cm^(2),which is significantly higher than that of other Cu-based *** findings underscore the high application potential of CuI when integrated with the traditional Si industry.

关键词： er iodide heterojunction photodetector

Childhood sleep:physical,cognitive,and behavioral consequences and implications

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 122-132页

作者： Jianghong Liu Xiaopeng Ji Susannah Pitt Guanghai Wang Elizabeth Rovit Terri Lipman Fan Jiang School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania418 Curie Blvd.Room 424Claire M.Fagin HallPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA College of Health Sciences University of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine ScrantonPA 18510USA Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute Department of Developmental and Behavioral PediatricsSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Background Sleep problems in children have been increasingly recognized as a major public health *** research has extensively studied and presented many risk factors and potential mechanisms for children’s sleep *** this paper,we aimed to identify and summarize the consequences and implications of child sleep *** sources A comprehensive search for relevant English language full-text,peer-reviewed publications was performed focusing on pediatric sleep studies from prenatal to childhood and adolescence in a variety of indexes in PubMed,SCOPUS,and Psych Info published in the past two *** relevant data-based articles and systematic reviews are *** Many adverse consequences are associated with child sleep deficiency and other sleep problems,including physical outcomes(e.g.,obesity),neurocognitive outcomes(e.g.,memory and attention,intelligence,academic performance),and emotional and behavioral outcomes(e.g.,internalizing/externalizing behaviors,behavioral disorders).Current prevention and intervention approaches to address childhood sleep problems include nutrition,exercise,cognitive–behavioral therapy for insomnia,aromatherapy,acupressure,and *** interventions may be particularly important in the context of coronavirus disease *** research and policy strategies can target the risk factors of child sleep as well as the efficacy and accessibility of *** Given the increasing prevalence of child sleep problems,which have been shown to affect children’s physical and neurobehavioral wellbeing,understanding the multi-aspect consequences and intervention programs for childhood sleep is important to inform future research direction as well as a public health practice for sleep screening and intervention,thus improving sleep-related child development and health.

关键词： Behavior Child sleep Consequences Implications Neurocognitive Physical Prevention/intervention

Two halls of Hangzhou： Local Gazetteers and the Grading of Geography for a Song Dynasty City

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Frontiers of Literary studies in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2014年第2期8卷 225-252页

作者： Benjamin B. Ridgway department of east asian Languages and Cultures University of Illinois Urbana Illinois61801 USA

This article examines the shifting geo-political significance of Hangzhou as presented in two local gazetteers dating from the Southern Song dynasty （1127-1276）. Focusing on literary works quoted in both of these gazetteers that describe two of Hangzhou＇s famous halls on West Lake, I argue that geographic discourses on these halls manifest a tension between two conflicting presentations of Hangzhou＇s geo-political significance as understood by literati elite of the Southern Song. In writings concerning the hall of Possessing Beauty （Youmei tang 有美堂）, Hangzhou was viewed as a city of rising economic and cultural importance during the Northern Song. Writings on the hall of Centrality and Harmony （Zhonghe tang 中和堂）, in contrast, depict Hangzhou as an imperial refuge for a court in flight and associate it with the motif of territorial loss during the Southern Song when the city became the dynastic capital. By examining how these two views of Hangzhou are contrasted, this essay concludes that gazetteers functioned to grade and rank different kinds of landscapes in order to make geo-political arguments about the proper reconstitution of the empire during the Southern Song.

关键词： local gazetteers Hangzhou West Lake Song dynasty Ouyang Xiu,Gaozong geography landscape nostalgia irredentism environmental energy(qi)

Application and mechanisms of Sanhua Decoction in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 688-699页

作者： Ya-Kuan Wang Huang Lin Shu-Rui Wang Ru-Tao Bian Yang Tong Wen-Tao Zhang Ying-Lin Cui department of Encephalopathy The Second Clinical College of Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina department of Encephalopathy Henan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classics Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine)Zhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina department of Central Laboratory Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina department of Encephalopathy Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine)Zhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina Famous Doctor hall Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine)Zhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion is a process in which the blood supply to the brain is temporarily interrupted and subsequently ***,it is highly likely to lead to further aggravation of pathological damage to ischemic tissues or the nervous system.,and has accordingly been a focus of extensive clinical *** a traditional Chinese medicinal formulation,Sanhua Decoction has gradually gained importance in the treatment of cerebrovascular *** main constituents include Citrus aurantium,Magnolia officinalis,rhubarb,and Qiangwu,which are primarily used to regulate *** the treatment of neurological diseases,the therapeutic effects of the Sanhua Decoction are mediated via different pathways,including antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and neurotransmitter regu-latory pathways,as well as through the protection of nerve cells and a reduction in cerebral *** the studies conducted to date,many have found that the application of Sanhua Decoction in the treatment of neurological diseases has clear therapeutic *** addition,as a natural treatment,the Sanhua Decoction has received widespread attention,given that it is safer and more effective than traditional Western ***,research on the mechanisms of action and efficacy of the Sanhua Decoctions in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is of considerable *** this paper,we describe the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and review the current status of its treatment to examine the therapeutic mechanisms of action of the Sanhua *** hope that the findings of the research presented herein will contribute to a better understanding of the efficacy of this formulation in the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,and provide a scientific basis for its application in clinical practice.

关键词： Sanhua Decoction Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion Mechanism of action Application progress Traditional Chinese medical science Review

Effect of Na^＋, K^＋ and Ca^2＋ Ions on Physico-chemical Properties of Thymine, Cytosine, Thymidine and Cytidine in Aqueous Urea Solution

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2005年第9期23卷 1157-1164页

作者： PANDEY, Jata Dhari HAROON, SHahla CHHABRA, Jyotsna DEY, Ranjan MISRA, Krishna department of Chemistry University of Allahabad Allahabad 211-002 India

Experimental determination of density, ultrasonic velocity and viscosity of two pyrimidine bases thymine and cytosine along with their respective nucleosides, thymidine and cytidine has been carried out in aqueous urea solutions in the presence of different concentrations of three salts, viz. NaC1, KCl and CaCl2. The experimental data have been used for the computation of various thermodynamic parameters, viz. apparent molar volume, apparent molar compressibility, coefficients A and B of the jones-Dole equation, internal pressure, acoustic impedance, etc. Structural studies of solutions under investigation have also been carried out by ultraviolet spectroscopy, and an at- tempt has been made to collaborate the findings of ultraviolet spectroscopy with results obtained thermodynami- cally.

关键词： interaction bivalent ion thermodynamic property ultraviolet spectroscopy ionic size

Antisymmetric planar hall effect in rutile oxide ﬁlms induced by the Lorentz force

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Science Bulletin 2024年第15期69卷 2362-2369页

作者： Yongwei Cui Zhaoqing Li Haoran Chen Yunzhuo Wu Yue Chen Ke Pei Tong Wu Nian Xie Renchao Che Xuepeng Qiu Yi Liu Zhe Yuan Yizheng Wu department of Physics State Key Laboratory of Surface PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Physics and Information Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Center for Advanced Quantum studies and department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering&TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artiﬁcial Microstructure Materials and Technology School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311100China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai 201315China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metasurfaces for Light Manipulation Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The conventional hall effect is linearly proportional to the field component or magnetization component perpendicular to a film. Despite the increasing theoretical proposals on the hall effect to the in-plane field or magnetization in various special systems induced by the Berry curvature, such an unconventional hall effect has only been experimentally reported in Weyl semimetals and in a heterodimensional superlattice. Here, we report an unambiguous experimental observation of the antisymmetric planar hall effect(APHE) with respect to the in-plane magnetic field in centrosymmetric rutile RuO_(2) and IrO_(2) single-crystal films. The measured hall resistivity is found to be linearly proportional to the component of the applied in-plane magnetic field along a particular crystal axis and to be independent of the current direction or temperature. Both the experimental observations and theoretical calculations confirm that the APHE in rutile oxide films is induced by the Lorentz force. Our findings can be generalized to ferromagnetic materials for the discovery of anomalous hall effects and quantum anomalous hall effects induced by in-plane magnetization. In addition to significantly expanding knowledge of the hall effect, this work opens the door to explore new members in the hall effect family.

关键词： Antisymmetric planar hall effect Lorentz force Rutile oxide films Crystal symmetry