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Mitochondrial DNA methylation and mitochondria-related epigenetics in neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 405-406页

作者： Fabio Coppedè department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies Laboratory of Medical GeneticsUniversity of PisaPisaItaly、Interdepartmental Research Center of Biology and Pathology of AgingUniversity of PisaPisaItaly

Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles referred to as the powerhouse of the cell because they are primarily involved in oxidative phosphorylation and energy *** are particularly abundant in tissues with high energy demands,including muscle,liver,and brain,and mitochondrial dysfunction,oxidative mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)damage,and impaired mitochondrial dynamics have often been associated with neurodegeneration.

关键词： impaired neurodegeneration oxidative

Experience of primary intestinal lymphangiectasia in adults: Twelve case series from a tertiary referral hospital

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 746-757页

作者： Ji Eun Na Ji Eun Kim Sujin Park Eun Ran Kim Sung Noh Hong Young-Ho Kim Dong Kyung Chang department of Internal Medicine Inje University Haeundae Paik HospitalBusan 48108South Korea department of Medicine Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea department of pathology Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea

BACKGROUND While primary intestinal lymphangiectasia(PIL)is considered a rare condition,there have been several reported cases in ***,the absence of clear guidance from diagnosis to treatment and prognosis poses challenges for both physicians and *** To enhance understanding by investigating clinical presentation,diagnosis,treatment,complications,and prognoses in adult PIL *** We enrolled adult patients diagnosed with PIL between March 2016 and September *** primary outcome involved examining the diagnosis and treatment process of these *** secondary outcomes included identifying complications(infections,thromboembolism)and assessing prognoses(frequency of hospitalization and mortality)during the follow-up *** Among the 12 included patients,peripheral edema(100%)and diarrhea(75%)were the main presenting *** tests showed that all the pati-ents exhibited symptoms of hypoalbuminemia and ***,the predominant findings were edema of the small intestine(67%)and ascites(58%).The typical endoscopic finding with a snowflake appearance was observed in 75%of *** the 12 patients,two responded positive-ly to octreotide and sirolimus,and eight who could undergo maintenance therapy discontinued *** due to PIL led to infection in half of the patients,thromboembolism in three patients,and one *** PIL can be diagnosed in adults across various age groups,with different severity and treatment responses among patients,leading to diverse complications and ***,tailored treatments will be *** anticipate that our findings will contribute to the management of PIL,an etiology of protein-losing enteropathy.

关键词： Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia in adults Protein-losing enteropathy Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis

Distinct clinical profiles and mutation landscapes of gliomas originating from the neocortex,mesocortex,and cerebellum

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 53-56页

作者： Ye Cheng Lei Zhang Xiaolong Wu Hiroaki Wakimoto Haoming Geng Yukui Wei Geng Xu Xinru Xiao Jie Bai Yaming Wang Zeliang Hu Leiming Wang Qingtang Lian department of Neurosurgery Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Brain Tumor Research Center Massachusetts General HospitalDepartment of NeurosurgeryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02134USA department of pathology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China

Gliomas originating from anatomically and developmentally distinct brain regions have different clinical ***,the molecular landscape underlying this difference remains *** analyzed key molecular mutations via sequencing and correlated them with clinical characteristics in 180 adult patients with gliomas originating from the neocortex,mesocortex,and *** of cerebellar origin had significantly longer survival than those of supratentorial origin,consistent with higher rates of mutation in key genes associated with supratentorial gliomas.

关键词： clinical cortex glioma

Nitrogen availability mediates the effects of roots and mycorrhizal fungi on soil organic carbon decomposition:A meta-analysis

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 289-296页

作者： Tongshuo BAI Yunpeng QIU Shuijin HU Ecosystem Ecology Laboratory College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China department of Entomology&Plant pathology North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695USA

Plant roots and their associated mycorrhizal fungi critically mediate the decomposition of soil organic carbon(C),but the general patterns of their impacts over a broad geographical range and the primary mediating factors remain *** on a synthesis of 596 paired observations from both field and greenhouse experiments,we found that living roots and/or mycorrhizal fungi increased organic C decomposition by 30.9%,but low soil nitrogen(N)availability(i.e.,high soil C:N ratio)critically mitigated this promotion *** addition,the positive effects of living roots and/or mycorrhizal fungi on organic C decomposition were higher under herbaceous and leguminous plants than under woody and non-leguminous plants,***,there was no significant difference between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi in their effects on organic C ***,roots and/or mycorrhizal fungi significantly enhanced the decomposition of leaf litter but not root *** findings advance our understanding of how roots and their symbiotic fungi modulate soil C dynamics in the rhizosphere or mycorrhizosphere and may help improve predictions of soil global C balance under a changing climate.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ectomycorrhizal fungi leaf litter leguminous plant mycorhizosphere rhizosphere root litter soil C:N ratio

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomeloaded miR-129-5p targets high-mobility group box 1 attenuates neurological-impairment after diabetic cerebral hemorrhage

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1979-2001页

作者： Yue-Ying Wang Ke Li Jia-Jun Wang Wei Hua Qi Liu Yu-Lan Sun Ji-Ping Qi Yue-Jia Song department of pathology The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150001Heilongjiang ProvinceChina department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150001Heilongjiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Diabetic intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)is a serious complication of *** role and mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell(BMSC)-derived exosomes(BMSC-exo)in neuroinflammation post-ICH in patients with diabetes are *** this study,we investigated the regulation of BMSC-exo on hyperglycemia-induced *** To study the mechanism of BMSC-exo on nerve function damage after diabetes complicated with cerebral *** BMSC-exo were isolated from mouse BMSC *** was followed by transfection with microRNA-129-5p(miR-129-5p).BMSC-exo or miR-129-5poverexpressing BMSC-exo were intravitreally injected into a diabetes mouse model with ICH for in vivo analyses and were cocultured with high glucoseaffected BV2 cells for in vitro *** dual luciferase test and RNA immunoprecipitation test verified the targeted binding relationship between miR-129-5p and high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1).Quantitative polymerase chain reaction,western blotting,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were conducted to assess the levels of some inflammation factors,such as HMGB1,interleukin 6,interleukin 1β,toll-like receptor 4,and tumor necrosis factorα.Brain water content,neural function deficit score,and Evans blue were used to measure the neural function of *** Our findings indicated that BMSC-exo can promote neuroinflammation and functional *** chip analysis of BMSC-exo identified miR-129-5p as the specific microRNA with a protective role in *** of miR-129-5p in BMSC-exo reduced the inflammatory response and neurological impairment in comorbid diabetes and ICH ***,we found that miR-129-5p had a targeted binding relationship with HMGB1 *** We demonstrated that BMSC-exo can reduce the inflammatory response after ICH with diabetes,thereby improving the neurological function of the brain.

关键词： Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Exosome Diabetic cerebral hemorrhage Neuroinflammation MicroRNA-129-5p High mobility group box 1

Managing immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated gastritis: Insights and strategies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第24期30卷 3120-3122页

作者： Li-Li Yu Zhi-Lin He Xin-Lai Qian department of pathology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003Henan ProvinceChina department of Basic Medical Sciences Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003Henan ProvinceChina

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are widely used due to their effectiveness in treating various ***-related adverse events(irAEs)are defined as adverse effects resulting from ICI *** irAEs are a common type of irAEs characterized by intestinal side effects,such as diarrhea and colitis,which may lead to the discontinuation of ICIs.

关键词： Immunotherapy Immune checkpoint inhibitor Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related gastritis Immune-related adverse events Autoimmune responses

A chemical odyssey:Exploring renal stone diversity by age and sex in Punjab,Pakistan

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第5期38卷 516-518页

作者： Yours Sincerely Muhammad Zubair Zoha Rasool department of pathology&Clinical Laboratories Multan Institute of Kidney DiseasesMultanPunjab 60000Pakistan

Dear Editor,Renal calculosis is one of the most common urological disorders worldwide,with a prevalence ranging from 1%to 13%across different regions[1].Renal stones are crystal concretions that form on the inner surface of the kidney,resulting from disruptions in the metabolism,the excretion of stone constituents,or the formation of Randall's plaques and *** stones are a result of various endogenous factors.

关键词： metabolism endogenous Renal

Harnessing antimicrobial peptide-coupled photosensitizer to combat drug-resistant biofilm infections through enhanced photodynamic therapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1759-1771页

作者： Duoyang Fan Xiaohui Liu Yueming Ren Ziheng Luo Yanbing Li Jie Dong Seraphine VWegner Fei Chen Wenbin Zeng Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China Hunan Key Laboratory of diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China Sir William Dunn School of pathology University of OxfordOxford OX13REUK Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha 410013China Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry University of MünsterMünster 48149Germany

Bacterial biofilm-associated infection was one of the most serious threats to human health. However, effective drugs for drug-resistance bacteria or biofilms remain rarely reported. Here, we propose an innovative strategy to develop a multifunctional antimicrobial agent with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity by coupling photosensitizers (PSs) with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). This strategy capitalizes on the ability of PSs to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the membrane-targeting property of AMPs (KRWWKWIRW, a peptide screened by an artificial neural network), synergistically enhancing the antimicrobial activity. In addition, unlike conventional aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) photosensitizers, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) PSs show stronger fluorescence emission in the aggregated state to help visualize the antibacterial mechanism. In vitro antibacterial experiments demonstrated the excellent killing effects of the developed agent against both Gram-positive (G^(+)) and Gram-negative (G^(–)) bacteria. The bacterial-aggregations induced ability enhanced the photoactivatable antibacterial activity against G^(–) bacteria. Notably, it exhibited a significant effect on destroying MRSA biofilms. Moreover, it also showed remarkable efficacy in treating wound infections in mice in vivo. This multifunctional antimicrobial agent holds significant potential in addressing the challenges posed by bacterial biofilm-associated infections and drug-resistant bacteria.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy Antimicrobial peptides Multidrug-resistant bacteria Aggregation-induced emission Anti-biofilm

The interplay mechanism between IDH mutation, MGMT-promoter methylation, and PRMT5 activity in the progression of grade 4 astrocytoma: unraveling the complex triad theory

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Oncology Research 2024年第6期32卷 1037-1045页

作者： MAHER KURDI ALAA ALKHOTANI ABDULRAHMAN SABBAGH EYAD FAIZO AHMED I.LARY AHMED K.BAMAGA MAJID ALMANSOURI BADR HAFIZ THAMER ALSHARIF SALEH BAEESA department of pathology Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityRabighSaudi Arabia department of pathology College of MedicineUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia Section of Neurosurgery Department of SurgeryKing Abdulaziz Medical CityJeddahSaudi Arabia department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia department of Clinical Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia department of Neurosciences King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterJeddahSaudi Arabia department of Surgery King Abdulaziz Specialist HospitalTaifSaudi Arabia

Background:The dysregulation of Isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH)and the subsequent production of 2-Hydroxyglutrate(2HG)may alter the expression of epigenetic proteins in Grade 4 *** interplay mechanism between IDH,O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT)-promoter methylation,and protein methyltransferase proteins-5(PRMT5)activity,with tumor progression has never been ***:A retrospective cohort of 34 patients with G4 astrocytoma is classified into IDH-mutant and IDH-wildtype *** groups were tested for MGMT-promoter methylation and PRMT5 through methylation-specific and gene expression PCR ***-cohort statistical significance was ***:Both IDH-mutant WHO grade 4 astrocytomas(n=22,64.7%)and IDH-wildtype glioblastomas(n=12,35.3%)had upregulated PRMT5 gene expression except in one *** of the 22 IDH-mutant tumors,10(45.5%)tumors showed MGMT-promoter methylation and 12(54.5%)tumors had unmethylated *** IDH-wildtype tumors had unmethylated *** was a statistically significant relationship between MGMT-promoter methylation and IDH in G4 astrocytoma(p-value=0.006).Statistically significant differences in progression-free survival(PFS)were also observed among all G4 astrocytomas that expressed PRMT5 and received either temozolomide(TMZ)or TMZ plus other chemotherapies,regardless of their IDH or MGMT-methylation status(p-value=0.0014).Specifically,IDH-mutant tumors that had upregulated PRMT5 activity and MGMT-promoter methylation,who received only TMZ,have exhibited longer ***:The relationship between PRMT5,MGMT-promoter,and IDH is not ***,accumulation of D2-hydroxyglutarate(2-HG),which partially activates 2-OG-dependent deoxygenase,may not affect their *** IDH-wildtype glioblastomas,the 2HG-2OG pathway is typically inactive,leading to PRMT5 *** alone,compared to TMZ-plus,can increase PFS in upregulated PRMT5 ***,using a PRMT5 inhibitor in G4

关键词： Grade 4 astrocytoma Glioblastoma Isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH) O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT) Protein methyltransferase proteins-5(PRMT5) Progression-free survival(PFS)