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Lecanemab Unveiled:Exploring Alzheimer’s Treatment Advancements,Assessing Strengths,Limitations,and Its Therapeutic Landscape Position

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期37卷 428-431页

作者： VICTOR Abiola Adepoju OKECHUKWU Innocent Onyezue SAFAYET Jamil OLALEKAN John Okesanya DON Eliseo Lucero-Prisno Ⅲ department of HIV and Infectious Diseases Jhpiegoan affiliate of John Hopkins UniversityAbujaNigeria department of Prevention and community Directorate APIN Public Health InitiativesAbujaNigeria department of Public health Daffodil International UniversityDhaka-1216Bangladesh department of Public health and Maritime Transport University of ThessalyVolosGreece department of Global health and Development London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUnited Kingdom

In the ever-evolving landscape of Alzheimer’s treatment,lecanemab(Leqembi)has emerged as a promising *** conventional therapies that merely alleviate symptoms,lecanemab is a humanized monoclonal antibody with a distinct *** targets protofibrils,insoluble fibrils,amyloid oligomers,and soluble amyloid-beta protofibrils,which are known to be especially damaging to neurons,with high accuracy.

关键词： Alzheimer amyloid Therapeutic

Forecasting the number of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in south of Fars province, Iran using seasonal ARIMA time series method

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第1期10卷 77-83页

作者： Mehdi Sharafi Haleh Ghaem Hamid Reza Tabatabaee Hossein Faramarzi Student Research Committee Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Research Center for health Sciences Department of EpidemiologySchool of HealthShiraz University of Medical Sciences infectious diseases assistant professor of department of community medicine Medical School Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Objective: To predict the trend of cutaneous leishmaniasis and assess the relationship between the disease trend and weather variables in south of Fars province using Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average(SARIMA) model,Methods: The trend of cutaneous leishmaniasis was predicted using Mini tab software and SARIMA model,Besides,information about the disease and weather conditions was collected monthly based on time series design during January 2010 to March 2016,Moreover,various SARIMA models were assessed and the best one was selected,Then,the model's fitness was evaluated based on normality of the residuals' distribution,correspondence between the fitted and real amounts,and calculation of Akaike Information Criteria(AIC) and Bayesian Information Criteria(BIC),Results: The study results indicated that SARIMA model(4,1,4)(0,1,0)(12) in general and SARIMA model(4,1,4)(0,1,1)(12) in below and above 15 years age groups could appropriately predict the disease trend in the study area,Moreover,temperature with a three-month delay(lag3) increased the disease trend,rainfall with a four-month delay(lag4) decreased the disease trend,and rainfall with a nine-month delay(lag9) increased the disease trend,Conclusions: Based on the results,leishmaniasis follows a descending trend in the study area in case drought condition continues,SARIMA models can suitably measure the disease trend,and the disease follows a seasonal trend.

关键词： SARIMA model Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis Time series analysis

Sugar intake from sweetened beverages and diabetes:A narrative review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第9期12卷 1530-1538页

作者： Tung-Sung Tseng Wei-Ting Lin Gabrielle V Gonzalez Yu-Hsiang Kao Lei-Shih Chen Hui-Yi Lin Behavioral and community health Sciences School of Public HealthLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLA 70112United States department of Global community health and Behavioral Sciences School of Public Health&Tropical MedicineTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70112United States department of health and Kinesiology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States Biostatistics Program School of Public HealthLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLA 70112United States

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is one of the fastest growing public health concerns around the ***-sweetened beverage(SSB)consumption has been proven to be associated with adverse health consequences in the diabetic *** SSB consumption,body weight control,healthy diets,and increased physical activity have been suggested as strategies to improve diabetes prevention and *** literature review provides an overview of:(1)The association between SSB consumption and the risk of T2DM;(2)Types of SSB consumption and T2DM;(3)The effect of obesity and inflammation on the association between SSB consum-ption and risk of T2DM;and(4)SSB consumption in T2DM *** is still work to be done to determine how SSB consumption is related to T2DM,but the current research on identifying the association between SSB consumption and T2DM is promising,with the most promising studies confirming the connection between SSBs,T2DM risk,and diabetes *** studies should explore more effective SSB related diabetes prevention and management interventions.

关键词： Sugar-sweetened beverages Type 2 diabetes mellitus Inflammation Obesity Diabetes management

Virtual anthropology-a brief review of the literature and history of computed tomography

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Forensic Sciences Research 2017年第4期2卷 165-173页

作者： Tanya Uldin department of Medicine and community health University Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-GenevaUniversity Hospital of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland

Computed tomography(CT)has influenced numerous fields since its inception in the *** field of palaeoanthropology significantly benefited from this efficient and non-invasive medium in terms of the conservation,reconstruction and analysis of fossil human *** the past decade,there has been a steady increase in the number of forensic anthropological studies incorporating virtual osteological *** of the increasing importance of these modern cross-sectional imaging techniques and the requirement for standardized parameters in forensic science,we deemed it important to outline the history and development of CT applications in these related academic *** present paper outlines the history of“virtual anthropology”and osteological multi-detector CT in the context of palaeoanthropology and forensic anthropology.

关键词： Forensic science forensic anthropology virtual anthropology palaeoanthropology computed tomography MDCT bone imaging

Influence of proton pump inhibitor treatment on Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第1期18卷 44-48页

作者： Masaaki Kodama Kazunari Murakami Tadayoshi Okimoto Yoshihiro Fukuda Tadashi Shimoyama Masumi Okuda Chieko Kato Intetsu Kobayashi Toshio Fujioka department of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine Oita University Faculty of Medicine Hasama Division Health Science Center Oita University General Medicine and community health Science Hyogo College of Medicine department of Gastroenterology Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine Toyama City Medical Association health Management Center department of Microbiology Toho University

AIM: To investigate the effects of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment on stool antigen test using the TestMate pylori enzyme immunoassay. METHODS: This study assessed 28 patients [16 men and 12 women; mean age (63.1 ± 5.9) years; range, 25-84 years] who underwent stool antigen test and urea breath test (UBT) before and after PPI administration. RESULTS: Using the UBT as the standard, the sensitivity, specif icity and agreement of the stool antigen test in all 28 patients were 95.2%, 71.4%, and 89.3%, respectively, before PPI administration, and 88.9%, 90.9%, and 89.3%, respectively, after PPI treatment. Mean UBT values were 23.98% ± 5.33% before and 16.19% ± 4.75% after PPI treatment and, in 15 patients treated for ≥ 4 wk, were signif icantly lower after than before 4 wk of PPI treatment (12.58% ± 4.49% vs 24.53% ± 8.53%, P = 0.048). The mean optical density (A450/630) ratios on the stool antigen test were 1.16 ± 0.20 before and 1.17 ± 0.24 after PPI treatment (P = 0.989), and were 1.02 ± 0.26 and 0.69 ± 0.28, respectively, in the group treated for > 4 wk (P = 0.099).

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Stool antigen test Urea breath test Proton pump inhibitor

Genetic variants involved in gallstone formation and capsaicin metabolism,and the risk of gallbladder cancer in Chilean women

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第3期16卷 372-378页

作者： Sergio Báez Yasuo Tsuchiya Alfonso Calvo Martha Pruyas Kazutoshi Nakamura Chikako Kiyohara Mari Oyama Masaharu Yamamoto department of Surgery Sótero del Río Hospital department of community Preventive Medicine Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences department of Anatomic Pathology Sótero del Río Hospital department of Preventive Medicine Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu University Faculty of health Sciences Niigata University of Health and Welfare

AIM:To determine the effects of genetic variants associated with gallstone formation and capsaicin (a pungent component of chili pepper) metabolism on the risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC).METHODS: A total of 57 patients with GBC, 119 patients with gallstones, and 70 controls were enrolled in this study. DNA was extracted from their blood or paraffi n block sample using standard commercial kits. The statuses of the genetic variants were assayed using Taqman SNP Genotyping Assays or Custom Taqman SNP Genotyping ***:The non-ancestral T/T genotype of apolipoprotein B rs693 polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of GBC (OR:0.14,95% CI:0.03-0.63). The T/T genotype of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) rs708272 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of GBC (OR:5.04,95% CI:1.43-17.8).CONCLUSION: Genetic variants involved in gallstone formation such as the apolipoprotein B rs693 and CETP rs 708272 polymorphisms may be related to the risk of developing GBC in Chilean women.

关键词： Genetic risk factor Gallbladder cancer Gallstone Genetic polymorphism Apolipoprotein B Cholesteryl ester transfer protein

Update on prevention and screening of cervical cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第4期5卷 744-752页

作者： Shaniqua L Mc Graw Jeanne M Ferrante Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Department of Family Medicine and Community Health Somerset New Jersey NJ 08873 United States department of Family Medicine and community health Cancer Institute of New Jersey New Brunswick New Jersey NJ 08903 United States

Cervical cancer is the third most common cause of cancer in women in the world. During the past few decades tremendous strides have been made toward decreasing the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer with the implementation of various prevention and screening strategies. The causative agent linked to cervical development and its precursors is the human papillomavirus(HPV). Prevention and screening measures for cervical cancer are paramount because the ability to identify and treat the illness at its premature stage often disrupts the process of neoplasia. Cervical carcinogenesis can be the result of infections from multiple high-risk HPV types that act synergistically. This imposes a level of complexity to identifying and vaccinating against the actual causative agent. Additionally, most HPV infections spontaneously clear. Therefore, screening strategies should optimally weigh the benefits and risks of screening to avoid the discovery and needless treatment of transient HPV infections. This article provides an update of the preventative and screening methodsfor cervical cancer, mainly HPV vaccination, screening with Pap smear cytology, and HPV testing. It also provides a discussion of the newest United States 2012 guidelines for cervical cancer screening, which changed the age to begin and end screening and lengthened the screening intervals.

关键词： Cervical cancer Cancer screening Pap smear Human papillomavirus Papillomavirus vaccines

Prevalence and Correlates of Elevated Blood Pressure in Chinese Children Aged 6-13 Years: a Nationwide School-Based Survey

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2015年第6期28卷 401-409页

作者： ZHAI Yi LI Wei Rong SHEN Chong Frank QIAN SHI Xiao Ming Division of Non-communicable Disease Control and community health Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Office of Medical Statistics Beijing Friendship Hospital department of Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthNanjing Medical University Center for Global health University of Chicago Institute of Environmental health and Related Product Safety Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Objective To estimate the prevalence of elevated blood pressure（EBP） in Chinese children and identify individual and family factors associated with EBP. Methods A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted in 2010 using stratified cluster sampling. Participants＇ blood pressure was measured, and their parents completed a questionnaire on personal and family characteristics. Prevalence and correlates of EBP were assessed. Results Among a total of 24,333 participants, 20.2% of boys and 16.3% of girls had EBP. The prevalence of EBP increased with the ascending trend of waist circumference, Waist-to-height ratio, and body mass index. The adjusted prevalence ratios（aP Rs） for obese boys and girls were 2.50 and 2.97, respectively. Fewer urban boys（16.2%） had EBP than rural boys（21.7%）. Boys with a family history of hypertension were 12% more likely to have EBP. Children whose mothers received a college education tended to have lower likelihood of EBP; with an aP R was 0.85 among boys and 0.78 among girls. Conclusion EBP is common among obese students and those who have a family history of hypertension. A negative association between mothers＇ education levels and EBP risk in children was found.

关键词： Elevated blood pressure Waist circumference Waist-to-height ratio Body mass index Children Cross-sectional study China

Development and evaluation of a Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome questionnaire for measuring sub-optimal health status in China

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2012年第2期32卷 129-136页

作者：赵晖熊卫红赵歆王利敏陈家旭 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences health Services Center Yongwai Community department of Basic Theory in Chinese Medicine Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

OBJECTIVE:Sub-optimal health status(SHS),in which a person's mind and body exists in a low-quality state of being between disease and health,has become a public health problem that cannot be ignored in *** measurement presents a challenge to the academic *** developed and evaluated a questionnaire from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) that embodies the features of TCM syndrome diagnosis for measuring SHS in ***:The construction of the theoretical framework of the questionnaire was based on a literature review,an expert questionnaire survey and group *** subscales and questionnaire items were screened through a pilot study using statistical means and qualitative *** tests that were used included test-retest reliability,Cronbach's α coefficient,split-half reliability;validity tests included content validity,criterion validity,discrimination validity and construct ***:The final questionnaire,the SHSQ-50,included 50 five-class quantifiable items that encompassed nine subscales:liver stagnation syndrome,liver-Qi deficiency syndrome,spleen-Qi deficiency syndrome,liver-fire syndrome,heart-fire syndrome,stomach-fire syndrome,heart-Qi deficiency syndrome,lung-Qi deficiency syndrome and dampness *** were completed by 268 of the 288 SHS subjects(93.0%) and by 86 of the 94 healthy subjects(91.5%).The Cronbach α coefficients,split-half coefficients and stability coefficients ranged from 0.70 to 0.95,0.67 to 0.87 and 0.88 to 0.98,respectively,for the overall scores and *** Wilcoxon rank test showed statistically significant differences in the subscales and overall scores between the SHS group and the healthy group(P<0.01).Twelve factors with an eigenvalue greater than one were extracted by factor analysis and merged into nine factors,for which the cumulative contribution rate was 63.63%.The nine factors were corresponded to the overall structure of the ***

关键词： Sub-optimal health status Questionnaire TCM syndrome Reliability Validity