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Comprehensive review of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus:State of art and future perspectives

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 221-227页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis Timothy M Pawlik Daniel Azoulay department of surgery Colchester General HospitalTurner RoadColchester CO45JLUK department of surgery The Ohio State Wexner Medical CenterJames Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOHUSA department of Hepato-Biliary and Liver Transplantation surgery Paul Brousse University HospitalParis-Saclay UniversityVillejuif 94800France

Background:Despite advances in the diagnosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),70%-80%of patients are diagnosed with advanced stage disease.Portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT)is among the most ominous signs of advanced stage disease and has been associated with poor survival if untreated.Data sources:A systematic search of MEDLINE(PubMed),Embase,Cochrane Library and Database for Systematic Reviews(CDSR),Google Scholar,and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE)databases until December 2022 was conducted using free text and MeSH terms:hepatocellular carcinoma,portal vein tumor thrombus,portal vein thrombosis,vascular invasion,liver and/or hepatic resection,liver transplantation,and systematic review.Results:Centers of surgical excellence have reported promising results related to the individualized surgical management of portal thrombus versus arterial chemoembolization or systemic chemotherapy.Critical elements to the individualized surgical management of HCC and portal thrombus include precise classification of the portal vein tumor thrombus,accurate identification of the subgroups of patients who may benefit from resection,as well as meticulous surgical technique.This review addressed five specific areas:(a)formation of PVTT;(b)classifications of PVTT;(c)controversies related to clinical guidelines;(d)surgical treatments versus non-surgical approaches;and(e)characterization of surgical techniques correlated with classifications of PVTT.Conclusions:Current evidence from Chinese and Japanese high-volume centers demonstrated that patients with HCC and associated PVTT can be managed with surgical resection with acceptable results.

关键词： Hepatectomy Liver surgery Liver neoplasms Portal vein tumor thrombus

Adenocarcinoma of sigmoid colon with metastasis to an ovarian mature teratoma: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 853-858页

作者： Wei Wang Chun-Chi Lin Wen-Yi Liang Shih-Ching Chang Jeng-Kai Jiang Division of colorectal surgery Department of SurgeryTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei 11217Taiwan Faculty of Medicine School of MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304Taiwan department of Pathology Taipei Veteran General HospitalTaipei 11217Taiwan

BACKGROUND colorectal cancer ranks third in global cancer-related mortality,often due to metastases to liver and lungs.Ovarian metastases are less common,accounting for 3.6%to 7.4%of cases.In contrast,mature ovarian teratomas are frequently benign.Tumor-to-tumor metastasis is a rare phenomenon,with a limited number of documented cases.Three cases of mature ovarian teratomas metastasizing from different cancers have been reported.This report focuses on a case of tumor-totumor metastasis from sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma to a mature ovarian teratoma.CASE SUMMARY A 41-year-old Taiwan residents woman with no known systemic diseases presented with lower back pain,which led to imaging revealing malignant lesions in the spine,pelvis,liver,and multiple lung metastases.She was diagnosed with sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma with metastases to the liver,lung,bone,and a left ovarian teratoma.Treatment involved radiotherapy and chemotherapy,resulting in regression of the primary tumor and stable lung and liver lesions.Due to abdominal symptoms,she underwent exploratory surgery,unveiling a mature teratoma in the left ovary with signs of metastatic adenocarcinoma.CONCLUSION Consider resecting mature ovarian teratomas with concurrent colorectal adenocarcinoma to prevent tumor-to-tumor metastasis.

关键词： Tumor-to-tumor metastasis colorectal cancer Ovarian teratoma Adeno carcinoma Case report

Current landscape of preoperative neoadjuvant therapies for initial resectable colorectal cancer liver metastasis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 663-672页

作者： Xiao-Fei Cheng Feng Zhao Dong Chen Fan-Long Liu department of colorectal surgery The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003Zhejiang ProvinceChina department of Radiation Oncology The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003Zhejiang ProvinceChina

colorectal cancer liver metastasis(CRLM)presents a clinical challenge,and optimizing treatment strategies is crucial for improving patient outcomes.Surgical resection,a key element in achieving prolonged survival,is often linked to a heightened risk of recurrence.Acknowledging the potential benefits of preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in managing resectable liver metastases,this approach has gained attention for its role in tumor downsizing,assessing biological behavior,and reducing the risk of postoperative recurrence.However,the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in initially resectable CRLM sparks ongoing debates.The balance between tumor reduction and the risk of hepatic injury,coupled with concerns about delaying surgery,necessitates a nuanced approach.This article explores recent research insights and draws upon the practical experiences at our center to address critical issues regarding considerations for initially resectable cases.Examining the criteria for patient selection and the judicious choice of neoadjuvant regimens are pivotal areas of discussion.Striking the right balance between maximizing treatment efficacy and minimizing adverse effects is imperative.The dynamic landscape of precision medicine is also reflected in the evolving role of gene testing,such as RAS/BRAF and PIK3CA,in tailoring neoadjuvant regimens.Furthermore,the review emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach to navigate the comp-lexities of CRLM.Integrating technical expertise and biological insights is crucial in refining neoadjuvant strategies.The management of progression following neoadjuvant chemotherapy requires a tailored approach,acknowledging the diverse biological behaviors that may emerge.In conclusion,this review aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the considerations,challenges,and advancements in the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for initially resectable CRLM.By combining evidencebased insights with practical experiences,we aspire to contribute to the ongoing discourse on refining treatment

关键词： Neoadjuvant therapy colorectal cancer liver metastasis Multidisciplinary teams Chemotherapeutic regimens Resectability criteria

Mechanism of PARP inhibitor resistance and potential overcoming strategies

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 306-320页

作者： Xiaoyu Fu Ping Li Qi Zhou Ruyuan He Guannan Wang Shiya Zhu Amir Bagheri Gary Kupfer Huadong Pei Juanjuan Li department of Oncology Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDC 20057USA department of Breast and Thyroid surgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430060China cancer Center Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430060China department of Thoracic surgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430060China

PARP inhibitors(PARPi)are a kind of cancer therapy that targets poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase.PARPi is the first clinically approved drug to exert synthetic lethality by obstruct-ing the DNA single-strand break repair process.Despite the significant therapeutic effect in pa-tients with homologous recombination(HR)repair deficiency,innate and acquired resistance to PARPi is a main challenge in the clinic.In this review,we mainly discussed the underlying mechanisms of PARPi resistance and summarized the promising solutions to overcome PARPi resistance,aiming at extending PARPi application and improving patient outcomes.

关键词： Drug resistance Homologous recombination PARP PARP inhibitor Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase

The use of Montgomery salivary bypass tubes and pharyngocutaneous fistula following salvage laryngectomy

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery 2024年第1期10卷 43-48页

作者： Courtney B.Shires Mackenzie Latour Merry Sebelik Karuna Dewan West cancer Center GermantownTennesseeUSA department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery Louisiana State University Health ShreveportShreveportLouisianaUSA department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

Objectives:Pharyngocutaneous fistula(PCF)is the most common complication to follow total laryngectomy(TL)and is associated with increases in length of hospital stay and with a need for revision surgery or readmission,as well as with delays in return to oral diet.Patients who require salvageTL(STL)or primary(chemo)radiation therapy are at higher risk for developing PCF.Due to the quality‐of‐life burden of PCF on patients,limiting this occurrence is crucial.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing STL with placement of Montgomery salivary bypass tube(MSBT)^(TM)for at least 2 weeks duration between 2013 and 2017 at a single institution.Our patients all underwent free flap reconstruction.Our primary outcome of interest was development of PCF.Secondary outcomes included demographics,previous treatment,base of tongue(BOT)involvement,extent of defect,concurrent neck dissection(ND),and margin status.Univariateχ^(2) analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with PCF.Results:Forty‐four patients underwent STL with Montgomery tube placement and free flap reconstruction.Eight developed PCF(18.2%).The average age was 61.6 years;36 patients were male(81.8%),whereas eight patients were female(18.2%).There was no association between PCF and previous chemoradiation versus radiation(15.8%vs.33.3%,P<0.30),BOT involvement versus not(11.1 vs.22.2%,P<0.38),circumferential versus partial defect(18.8%vs.17.9%,P<0.94),ND versus none(10%vs.25%,P<0.20),or margin status.Conclusion:PCF complicated 18.2%of STL cases at our institution and was not associated with differences in primary treatment modality,presence of concomitant ND,extent of pharyngeal defect,BOT involvement,or positive frozen or permanent surgical margin.

关键词： free flap reconstruction Montgomery pharyngocutaneous fistula salivary bypass tube salvage total laryngectomy total laryngectomy

Mission of the National cancer Center Hospital in Japan to promote clinical trials for precision medicine

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cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第1期21卷 1-3页

作者： Kazuaki Shimada Kenichi Nakamura Noboru Yamamoto department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic surgery National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Clinical Research Support Offce National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan department of Experimental Therapeutics National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan

Precision medicine is a growing field worldwide.Despite its potential benefit to many patients,several major obstacles must be overcome before precision medicine can be more widely used in clinical practice.The main o... 详细信息

关键词： clinical cancer overcome

BioTreasury:a community-based repository enabling indexing and rating of bioinformatics tools

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 221-229页

作者： Qi Zhao Xin Zhou Jingxing Wu Jieyi Cai Xiaoqiong Bao Lin Tang Chaoye Wang Chunlei Liu Yukai Wang Yuyan Teng Mohan Zheng Weiping Mu Zhixiang Zuo Yubin Xie Xiaotong Luo Jian Ren School of Life Sciences State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCancer CenterGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510060China Institute of Precision Medicine The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology Department of General SurgeryGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor DiseasesThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

The exponential growth of bioinformatics tools in recent years has posed challenges for scientists in selecting the most suitable one for their data analysis assignments.Therefore,to aid scientists in making informed choices,a community-based platform that indexes and rates bioinformatics tools is urgently needed.In this study,we introduce Bio Treasury(http://***),an integrated communitybased repository that provides an interactive platform for users and developers to share their experiences in various bioinformatics tools.Bio Treasury offers a comprehensive collection of well-indexed bioinformatics software,tools,and databases,totaling over 10,000 entries.In the past two years,we have continuously improved and maintained Bio Treasury,adding several exciting features,including creating structured homepages for every tool and user,a hierarchical category of bioinformatics tools and classifying tools using large language model(LLM).Bio Treasury streamlines the tool submission process with intelligent auto-completion.Additionally,Bio Treasury provides a wide range of social features,for example,enabling users to participate in interactive discussions,rate tools,build and share tool collections for the public.We believe Bio Treasury can be a valuable resource and knowledge-sharing platform for the biomedical community.It empowers researchers to effectively discover and evaluate bioinformatics tools,fostering collaboration and advancing bioinformatics research.

关键词： bioinformatics tools index tool database rating system large language model tool collections shari

Immunomodulation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in colorectal cancer patients with COVID-19

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 2113-2122页

作者： Jun-Feng Wang Xiao-Xia Yang Jian Zhang Yan Zheng Fu-Qing Zhang Xiao-Feng Shi Yu-Liang Wang department of colorectal Oncology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin 300060China department of Neurology Tianjin First Center HospitalTianjin 300192China Prosthodontics Studio Tianjin Stomatological HospitalTianjin 300041China department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Tianjin Institute of UrologyThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211China department of Emergency Tianjin First Central HospitalTianjin 300192China

BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence has shown that adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADSCs)are an effective therapeutic approach for managing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19);however,further elucidation is required to determine their underlying immunomodulatory effect on the mRNA expression of T helper cell-related transcription factors(TFs)and cytokine release in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs).AIM To investigate the impact of ADSCs on the mRNA expression of TFs and cytokine release in PBMCs from colorectal cancer(CRC)patients with severe COVID-19(CRC^(+)patients).METHODS PBMCs from CRC^(+)patients(PBMCs-C+)and age-matched CRC patients(PBMCs-C)were stimulated and cultured in the presence/absence of ADSCs.The mRNA levels of T-box TF TBX21(T-bet),GATA binding protein 3(GATA-3),RAR-related orphan receptor C(RORC),and forkhead box P3(FoxP3)in the PBMCs were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.Culture supernatants were evaluated for levels of interferon gamma(IFN-γ),interleukin 4(IL-4),IL-17A,and transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1)using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS Compared with PBMCs-C,PBMCs-C+exhibited higher mRNA levels of T-bet and RORC,and increased levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A.Additionally,a significant decrease in FoxP3 mRNA and TGF-β1,as well as an increase in Tbet/GATA-3,RORC/FoxP3,IFN-γ/IL-4,and IL-17A/TGF-β1 ratios were observed in PBMCs-C+.Furthermore,ADSCs significantly induced a functional regulatory T cell(Treg)subset,as evidenced by an increase in FoxP3 mRNA and TGF-β1 release levels.This was accompanied by a significant decrease in the mRNA levels of T-bet and RORC,release of IFN-γ and IL-17A,and T-bet/GATA-3,RORC/FoxP3,IFN-γ/IL-4,and IL-17A/TGF-β1 ratios,compared with the PBMCs-C+alone.CONCLUSION The present in vitro studies showed that ADSCs contributed to the immunosuppressive effects on PBMCs-C+,favoring Treg responses.Thus,ADSC-based cell therapy could be a beneficial approach for patients with severe COVID-19 who fail to respond

关键词： colorectal cancer COVID-19 Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells T helper cell Immunomodulation

Left lower lobe sleeve resection for the clear cell variant of pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1422-1429页

作者： Xiao-Hui Yu Wen-Xiang Wang De-Song Yang Liang-Hui Gong department of Pathology Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410031Hunan ProvinceChina The Second department of Thoracic surgery Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410031Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma(PMEC)is a rare malignancy that arises from minor salivary glands within the tracheobronchial tree.The clear cell variant of PMEC is exceptionally uncommon and presents notable diagnostic challenges,primarily attributable to its morphological similarity to other tumors containing clear cells.CASE SUMMARY A 22-year-old male,formerly in good health,came in with a two-month duration of persistent cough and production of sputum.Subsequent imaging and bronchoscopy examinations revealed a 2 cm tumor in the distal left main bronchus,which resulted in complete atelectasis of the left lung.Further assessment via positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans and endoscopic biopsy confirmed the primary malignant nature of the tumor,charac-terized by clear cell morphology in most of the tumor cells.The patient underwent a left lower lobe sleeve resection accompanied by systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection.Molecular pathology analysis subsequently revealed a CRTC3-MAML2 gene fusion,leading to a definitive pathological diagnosis of the clear cell variant of PMEC,staged as T2N0M0.After surgery,the patient experienced a smooth recovery and exhibited no signs of recurrence during the one-and-a-half-year follow-up period.CONCLUSION This article describes an unusual case of a clear cell variant of PMEC characterized by the presence of a CRTC3-MAML2 gene fusion in a 22-year-old male.The patient underwent successful left lower lobe sleeve resection.This case underscores the distinctive challenges associated with diagnosing and treating this uncommon malignancy,underscoring the importance of precise diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies.

关键词： Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma Clear cell variant CRTC3-MAML2 gene fusion Sleeve lobectomy Case report