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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第3期15卷 264-275页

作者： Mykhailo Fys Mariana Yurkiv Andrii Brydun Andrii Sohor department of cartography and Geospatial Modelling Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityLviv 79013Ukraine

This paper utilizes the mathematical concept of approximation within an ellipsoid from a single viewpoint to present the spatial mass distribution function of the Earth's interior and its internal *** primary focus lies in constructing the volume distribution of masses in the planet's interior, with the expansion coefficients being linear combinations of the Stokes constants. Several possible approaches are suggested for determining accurately these coefficients employing three-dimensional(biorthogonal)polynomials. By expressing the mass distribution function of the Earth's interior and its internal potential as a series, an algorithm is introduced for the calculation of gravitational energy. It allows us to estimate fluctuations in gravitational energy. The implementation of this algorithm offers the means of establishing the extent to which the Earth deviates from a state of hydrostatic equilibrium as a celestial *** to the aforementioned method, calculations have been conducted to validate its effectiveness and reliability. This example is given as an illustration of a given method for studying the internal structure of planets.

关键词： Mass distribution function Potential Stokes constants Biorthogonal polynomials

Determining the effective elastic thickness through cross-correlation between isostatic disturbances

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第3期15卷 241-251页

作者： Nelson Ribeiro-Filho Cristiano Mendel Martins Raissa Moraes Baldez Ivaldevingles Rodrigues de Souza Júnior Franck Eitel Kemgang Ghomsi Instituto Federal do Pará(IFPA) AltamiraParáBrazil Universidade Federal do Pará(UFPA) BelemParáBrazil Nansen-Tutu Center for Marine Environmental Research Department of OceanographyUniversity of Cape TownSouth Africa Geodesy Research Laboratory National Institute of CartographyYaoundeCameroon

The elastic thickness parameter was estimated using the mobile correlation technique between the observed isostatic disturbance and the gravity disturbance calculated through direct gravimetric modeling. We computed the vertical flexure value of the crust for a specific elastic thickness using a given topographic dataset. The gravity disturbance due to the topography was determined after the calculation. A grid of values for the elastic thickness parameter was generated. Then, a moving correlation was performed between the observed gravity data(representing actual surface data) and the calculated data from the forward modeling. The optimum elastic thickness of the particular point corresponded to the highest correlation coefficient. The methodology was tested on synthetic data and showed that the synthetic depth closely matched the original depth, including the elastic thickness value. To validate the results, the described procedure was applied to a real dataset from the Barreirinhas Basin, situated in the northeastern region of Brazil. The results show that the obtained crustal depth is highly correlated with the depth from known models. Additionally, we noted that the elastic thickness behaves as expected, decreasing from the continent towards the ocean. Based on the results, this method has the potential to be employed as a direct estimate of crustal depth and elastic thickness for any region.

关键词： Isostasy Elastic thickness Isostatic disturbance Moho depth Cross-correlation

Special Issue on the Recent Trends of GeoAI Techniques for SDGs

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Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science 2024年第1期7卷 1-2页

作者： FAN Hongchao MENG Liqiu CHENG Tao department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim 7034Norway Chair of cartography and Visual Analgtics TU MunichMunich 80333Germany SpaceTimeLab Department of CivilEnvironmental and Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WCIE 6BTUK

Reliable and up-to-date geospatial data plays a fundamental role in Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)*** to providing such geospa-tial data,numerous algorithms,solutions and frame-works have been developed in recent years.A mong oth-ers,A rtificial Intelligence(AI)based techniques have been widely used for the tasks of processing geospatial ***,this topic is blooming so fast and to a vast extent in the field of Geomatics that a new subdo-main seems to arise,namely GeoAI[1-2].Even for a very quick and brief glance inthe Internet,people can find a lot of applications,projects,blogs and research articles about GeoAI,w hereas new approaches to GeoAI have been proposed and tested.

关键词： Intelligence SDGs Sustainable

Modeling the effect of stand and site characteristics on the probability of mistletoe infestation in Scots pine stands using remote sensing data

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 296-306页

作者： Luiza Tymińska-Czabańska Piotr Janiec Pawel Hawrylo Jacek Slopek Anna Zielonka Pawel Netzel Daniel Janczyk Jaroslaw Socha department of Forest Resources Management Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in KrakowAl.29 Listopada 46Krakow31-425Poland Forest Management and Geodesy Bureau Ul.Lesnikow 2105-090Sekocin StaryPoland department of Geoinformatics and cartography Institute of Geography and Regional DevelopmentFaculty of Earth Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of WroclawPl.Uniwersytecki 1WroclawPoland Institute of Geography and Spatial Management Faculty of Geography&GeologyJagiellonian University in KrakowUl.Gronostajowa 730-387Poland Torun Regional Directorate of State Forests Ul.Adama Mickiewicza 987-100TorunPoland

Over the past decade,the presence of mistletoe(Viscum album ***)in Scots pine stands has increased in many European *** the factors that influence the occurrence of mistletoe in stands is key to making appropriate forest management decisions to limit damage and prevent the spread of mistletoe in the ***,the main objective of this study was to determine the probability of mistletoe occurrence in Scots pine stands in relation to stand-related endogenous factors such as age,top height,and stand density,as well as topographic and edaphic *** used unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)imagery from 2,247 stands to detect mistletoe in Scots pine stands,while majority stand and site characteristics were calculated from airborne laser scanning(ALS)*** on stand age and site type from the State Forest database were also *** found that mistletoe infestation in Scots pine stands is influenced by stand and site *** documented that the densest,tallest,and oldest stands were more susceptible to mistletoe *** type and specific microsite conditions associated with topography were also important factors driving mistletoe *** addition,climatic water balance was a significant factor in increasing the probability of mistletoe occurrence,which is important in the context of predicted temperature increases associated with climate *** results are important for better understanding patterns of mistletoe infestation and ecosystem functioning under climate *** an era of climate change and technological development,the use of remote sensing methods to determine the risk of mistletoe infestation can be a very useful tool for managing forest ecosystems to maintain forest sustainability and prevent forest disturbance.

关键词： Generalized additive models Tree infestation Mistletoe occurrence ALS UAV Scots pine

Analysing the Potential Impact of Climate Change on the Hydrological Regime of the Upper Benue River Basin (North Cameroon)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第8期16卷 569-583页

作者： Elisabeth Dassou Fita Auguste Ombolo Thierry C. Fotso-Nguemo Daniel Bogno Saïdou Augustin Daïka Steven Chouto Felix Abbo Mbele department of Meteorology and Hydrology The National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua The University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Higher Institute of Agriculture Wood Water and Environment The University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroun department of Hydraulics and Water Management The National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua The University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Climate Change Research Laboratory (CCRL) National Institute of Cartography Yaoundé Cameroon department of Geography Faculty of Arts Letters and Social Sciences University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon

In this study, we analyse the climate variability in the Upper Benue basin and assess its potential impact on the hydrology regime under two different greenhouse gas emission scenarios. The hydrological regime of the basin is more vulnerable to climate variability, especially precipitation and temperature. Observed hydroclimatic data (1950-2015) was analysed using a statistical approach. The potential impact of future climate change on the hydrological regime is quantified using the GR2M model and two climate models: HadGEM2-ES and MIROC5 from CMIP5 under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 greenhouse gas emission scenarios. The main result shows that precipitation varies significantly according to the geographical location and time in the Upper Benue basin. The trend analysis of climatic parameters shows a decrease in annual average precipitation across the study area at a rate of -0.568 mm/year which represents about 37 mm/year over the time 1950-2015 compared to the 1961-1990 reference period. An increase of 0.7°C in mean temperature and 14% of PET are also observed according to the same reference period. The two climate models predict a warming of the basin of about 2°C for both RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios and an increase in precipitation between 1% and 10% between 2015 and 2100. Similarly, the average annual flow is projected to increase by about +2% to +10% in the future for both RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios between 2015 and 2100. Therefore, it is primordial to develop adaptation and mitigation measures to manage efficiently the availability of water resources.

关键词： Climate Variability Hydrological Modelling Climate Models Upper Benue Basin Northern Cameroon

Visualization and quantification of significant anthropogenic drivers influencing rangeland degradation trends using Landsat imagery and GIS spatial dependence models: A case study in Northeast Iran

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2018年第12期28卷 1933-1952页

作者： OMID Abdi ZEINAB Shirvani MANFRED F.Buchroithner Institute for cartography Geosciences DepartmentTU Dresden

Developing countries must consider the influence of anthropogenic dynamics on changes in rangeland habitats. This study explores happened degradation in 178 rangeland management plans for Northeast Iran in three main steps:(1) conducting a trend analysis of rangeland degradation and anthropogenic dynamics in 1986–2000 and 2000–2015,(2) visualizing the effects of anthropogenic drivers on rangeland degradation using bivariate local spatial autocorrelation(BiLISA), and(3) quantifying spatial dependence between anthropogenic driving forces and rangeland degradation using spatial regression approaches. The results show that 0.77% and 0.56% of rangelands are degraded annually during the first and second periods. The BiLISA results indicate that dry-farming, irrigated farming and construction areas were significant drivers in both periods and grazing intensity was a significant driver in the second period. The spatial lag(SL) model(wi=0.3943, Ei=1.4139) with two drivers of dry-farming and irrigated farming in the first period and the spatial error(SE) model(wi=0.4853, Ei=1.515) with livestock density, dry-farming and irrigated farming in the second period showed robust performance in quantifying the driving forces of rangeland degradation. To conclude, the BiLISA maps and spatial models indicate a serious intensification of the anthropogenic impacts of ongoing conditions on the rangelands of northeast Iran in the future.

关键词： rangeland degradation Landsat GIS anthropogenic driving forces BiLISA spatial regression

Landslide inventory validation and susceptibility mapping in the Gerecse Hills, Hungary

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2021年第3期24卷 498-508页

作者： Dávid Gerzsenyi Gáspár Albert department of cartography and Geoinformatics Eötvös Loránd UniversityBudapestHungary

Landslides pose a threat to property both in the populated and cultivated areas of the Gerecse Hills (Hungary). The currently available landslide inventory database holds the records from many sites in the area, but the database is out-of-date. Here we address the problem of revising the National Landslides Cadastre landslide inventory database by creating a landslide suscept-ibility map with a multivariate model based on likelihood ratio functions. The model is applied to the TanDEM-X DEM (0.4″ res.), the current landslide inventory of the area, and data acquired from geological maps. By comparing the distributions of four variables in the landslide and non-landslide area with grid computation methods, the model yields landslide susceptibility estimates for the study area. The estimations show to what extent a certain area is similar to the sample areas, therefore, its likelihood to be affected by landslides in the future. The accuracy of the model predictions was checked in the field and compared to the results of our previous study using the SRTM-1 DEM for a similar analysis. The model gave accurate estimates when certain correction measures were applied to the input datasets. The limitations of the model, the input datasets, and the suggested correction measures are also discussed.

关键词： Landslide susceptibility landslide inventory TanDEM-X Gerecse Hills landslides geomorphometry

Selected issues of cartographic communication optimization for emergency centers

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2010年第4期3卷 316-339页

作者： Karel Staněk Lucie Friedmannová Petr Kubıcek Milan Konecný Laboratory on Geoinformatics and cartography Department of GeographyFaculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic

Cartographic communication and support within emergency management(EM)are complicated issues with changing demands according to the incident extent and phase of the EM *** in mind the specifics of each purpose,it is obvious that spatial data used for maps preparation and production must be differently visualized even for the same type of emergency incident(traffic accident,fire,and natural disaster).Context-based cartography is a promising methodology to deal with the changing demands of an operational EM *** overview of cartographic communication is presented within the context of an operational EM center,activities of particular actors,and map use supporting the incident *** authors of the paper respond to a series of questions,for example:what is the current cartographic support of operational EM in the Czech Republic in Digital Earth conditions?What possibilities are there to improve the cartographic communication?How can contextual cartographic services be implemented in a Web environment and how can the usability of results be tested?The paper gives several examples of the usage of cartographic technologies in map creation for various emergency situations.

关键词： map use cartographic communication context-based cartography Digital Earth operational emergency management

Normalized evaluation of the performance,capacity and availability of catalogue services:a pilot study based on INfrastruture for SPatial InfoRmation in Europe

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第4期9卷 325-341页

作者： Tomáš Řezníka Radoslav Chudý Eva Mičietová department of Geography Masaryk UniversityBrnoThe Czech Republic department of cartography Geoinformatics and Remote SensingComenius UniversityBratislavaThe Slovak Republic

Geographic information has a great potential to be re-used when supported by mechanisms for its *** all,the quality of a catalogue service is the key feature supporting users in the discovery *** far,there have been in existence various methodologies dealing with the normalized evaluation of quality with respect to catalogue *** biggest weakness seems to be in the depth of quality testing,*** influences are beyond the scope of evaluation of these methodologies with respect to quality in catalogue *** this study,the quality of 45 catalogue services across Europe was verified with the proposed normalized evaluation methodology originating from documents within the INfrastruture for SPatial InfoRmation in Europe(INSPIRE)*** paper discusses the(statistical)influence of factors that may significantly change the results of catalogue service *** proposals for improving the existing INSPIRE normalized evaluation procedure are applicable for any spatial data infrastructure and/or Digital Earth component using the Open Geospatial Consortium Catalogue Service for the Web as a basis.

关键词： metadata quality evaluation spatial data infrastructures INSPIRE Catalogue Service for the Web

A procedural footprint enhancement of global topographic surface with multiple levels of detail

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第4期13卷 527-545页

作者： Lukáš Brůha Jan Kolář Faculty of Science Department of Applied Geoinformatics and CartographyCharles University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Grifinor Project CopenhagenDenmark

Virtual globes are technologies for visual navigation through a threedimensional,multi-resolution model of the entire *** representations used in virtual globes,however,lack geometric flexibility at high-resolution levels of the planet-wide terrain *** is a problem especially if boundaries between individual geospatial features and the terrain are important.A novel integration of individual polygonal boundaries with a specific multi-resolution representation of the planet-wide terrain is developed in this *** the preparation stage,the integration relies on an original simplification algorithm applied to the polygonal boundaries between geospatial features and the *** output is a multiple level-of-detail(LOD)geometry,which can be combined with a known multi-LOD representation of the terrain that uses run-time *** data representation is suitable for storage in existing database systems,avoids any data redundancy across LODs,and is even independent of the subdivision schema that partitions the planet’s surface for the sake of dealing with *** runtime,a novel reconstruction algorithm stitches geometric parts from different LODs together in a manner that augments the multi-LOD representation of the *** a certain proximity range from a given position,the method reconstructs a scene that preserves topological relations between the boundaries of geospatial features with the *** method also guarantees that certain nearest proximity to the given position consists of the best geometries that correspond to the original *** properties of the method close up the gap between a mere exploratory visualization of static,pre-generated models and the models supporting geospatial analysis,which is deemed crucial for applications in Geographic Information Systems,Building Information Modelling and other software industries.A prototype implementation and experiment results that prove this method are also prese

关键词： Feature-based topography multiple level-of-detail procedural modeling vector data organization geometry reconstruction