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Supplementation of Lycium barbarum residue increases the growth rate of Tan sheep by enhancing their feed intake and regulating their rumen microbiome and metabolome

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3129-3144页

作者： Yajun Zhang Xiao Chang Bing Wang Dawei Wei Rongzhen Zhong Yansheng Guo Min Du Guijie Zhang College of Forestry and Prataculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming Northeast Institute of Geography and AgoecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China State Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition/College of animal Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of animal Science and Technology Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Nutrigenomics and Growth Biology Laboratory Department of Animal SciencesWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA

Lycium barbarum residue(LBR),a by-product of *** processing,is packed with bioactive components and can be potentially utilized as a feed additive in animal ***,the fundamental understanding of its effectiveness on livestock animals is still lacking,particularly in *** explore the effects of LBR on the growth performance,rumen fermentation parameters,ruminal microbes and metabolites of Tan sheep,sixteen fattening rams(aged 4 mon)were fed a basal diet(CON,n=8)or a basal diet supplemented with 5%LBR(LBR,n=8).The experiment lasted for 70 d,with 10 d adaptation period and 60 d treatment *** results showed that the LBR enhanced the average daily feed intake,average daily gain(P<0.05),and ruminal total volatile fatty acids(P<0.01)while decreasing ammonia-nitrogen concentration and rumen pH value(P<0.05).Additionally,the LBR improved the relative abundances of Prevotella,Succiniclasticum,Ruminococcus,Coprococcus,Selenomonas,and Butyrivibrio(P<0.05)and reduced the relative abundances of Oscillospira and Succinivibrio(P<0.05).The LBR altered the ruminal metabolome(P<0.01)by increasing the abundances of ruminal metabolites involved in amino acids(e.g.,L-proline,L-phenylalanine,L-lysine,and L-tyrosine),pyrimidine metabolism(e.g.,uridine,uracil,and thymidine),and microbial protein synthesis(e.g.,xanthine and hypoxanthine).In conclusion,LBR had positive effects on the growth rate of Tan sheep as well as on rumen fermentation parameters,rumen microbiome and rumen metabolome.

关键词： Lycium barbarum residue rumen microbiome metabolomics growth performance Tan sheep

First identification of a novel Aichivirus D in goats with diarrhea

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1442-1446页

作者： Chen Yang Keha-mo Abi Hua Yue Falong Yang Cheng Tang College of animal&Veterinary sciences Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Chengdu 610041China

Kobuvirus comprises 6 officially recognized species,namely Aichivirus A-F,and can be further divided into 20 genotypes through VP1 gene phylogenetic analysis(https://***/report/chapter/picornaviridae/picornaviridae/kobuvirus).Aichivirus A in human,Aichivirus B in bovine,Aichivirus C in porcine and caprine,Aichivirus D in yak have been proved to be associated with diarrhea(Chen Y S et al.2013;Yang et al.2015;Zhu et al.2016;Zhai et al.2017;Wang et al.2020;Abi et al.2022;Yan et al.2023).

关键词： corn diarrhea official

Vitamin A regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and function through p38 MAPK‑PGC‑1α signaling pathway and alters the muscle fiber composition of sheep

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 898-910页

作者： Pengkang Song Jiamin Zhao Fanqinyu Li Xiaoyi Zhao Jinxin Feng Yuan Su Bo Wang Junxing Zhao College of animal Science Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiguShanxi 030801People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition and Feeding Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed ScienceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193People’s Republic of China

Background Vitamin A(VA)and its metabolite,retinoic acid(RA),are of great interest for their wide range of physiological ***,the regulatory contribution of VA to mitochondrial and muscle fiber composition in sheep has not been *** Lambs were injected with 0(control)or 7,500 IU VA palmitate into the biceps femoris muscle on d 2 after *** the age of 3 and 32 weeks,longissimus dorsi(LD)muscle samples were obtained to explore the effect of VA on myofiber type *** vitro,we investigated the effects of RA on myofiber type composition and intrinsic *** The proportion of type I myofiber was greatly increased in VA-treated sheep in LD muscle at *** greatly promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and function in LD muscle of *** exploration revealed that VA elevated PGC-1αmRNA and protein contents,and enhanced the level of p38 MAPK phosphorylation in LD muscle of *** addition,the number of type I myofibers with RA treatment was significantly increased,and type IIx myofibers was significantly decreased in primary *** with in vivo experiment,RA significantly improved mitochondrial biogenesis and function in primary myoblasts of *** then used si-PGC-1αto inhibit PGC-1αexpression and found that si-PGC-1αsignificantly abrogated RA-induced the formation of type I myofibers,mitochondrial biogenesis,MitoTracker staining intensity,UQCRC1 and ATP5A1 expression,SDH activity,and enhanced the level of type IIx muscle *** data suggested that RA improved mitochondrial biogenesis and function by promoting PGC-1αexpression,and increased type I *** order to prove that the effect of RA on the level of PGC-1αis caused by p38 MAPK signaling,we inhibited the p38 MAPK signaling using a p38 MAPK inhibitor,which significantly reduced RA-induced PGC-1αand MyHC I *** VA promoted PGC-1αexpression through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway,improved mitochondrial biogenesis,and altered

关键词： Mitochondria Muscle fiber type PGC-1α p38 MAPK Retinoic acid Vitamin A

Molybdenum and cadmium co-induce necroptosis through Th1/Th2 imbalance-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress in duck ovaries

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第8期142卷 92-102页

作者： Ting Cui Xueyan Dai Huiling Guo Dianyun Wang Bingyan Huang Wenjing Pu Xuesheng Chu Caiying Zhang Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for animal Health Institute of Animal Population HealthCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China

Cadmium(Cd)and excess molybdenum(Mo)pose serious threats to animal *** previous study has determined that Cd and/or Mo exposure can cause ovarian damage of ducks,while the specific mechanism is still *** further investigate the toxic mechanism of Cd and Mo co-exposure in the ovary,forty 8-day-old female ducks were randomly allocated into four groups for 16 weeks,and the doses of Cd and Mo in basic diet per kg were as follows:control group,Mo group(100 mg Mo),Cd group(4 mg Cd),and Mo+Cd group(100 mg Mo+4 mg Cd).Cadmium sulfate 8/3-hydrate(CdSO_(4)·8/3H_(2)O)and hexaammonium molybdate((NH_(4))_(6)Mo_(7)O_(24)·4H_(2)O)were the origins of Cd and Mo,*** the 16th week of the experiment,all ovary tissues were collected for the detection of related *** data indicated that Mo and/or Cd induced trace element disorders and Th1/Th2 balance to divert toward Th1 in the ovary,which activated endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress and then provoked necroptosis through triggering RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling pathway,and eventually caused ovarian pathological injuries and necroptosis *** alterations of above indicators were most apparent in the joint *** all,this research illustrates that Mo and/or Cd exposure can initiate necroptosis through Th1/Th2 imbalance-modulated ER stress in duck ovaries,and Mo and Cd combined exposure aggravates ovarian *** research explores the molecular mechanism of necroptosis caused by Mo and/or Cd,which reveals that ER stress attenuation may be a therapeutic target to alleviate necroptosis.

关键词： Molybdenum Cadmium Th1/Th2 imbalance Endoplasmic reticulum stress Necroptosis Ovary

Integrins and their potential roles in mammalian pregnancy

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 1-19页

作者： Gregory A.Johnson Robert C.Burghardt Fuller W.Bazer Heewon Seo Joe W.Cain department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑4459USA department of animal Science College of Agriculture and Life SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑2471USA

Integrins are a highly complex family of receptors that, when expressed on the surface of cells, can mediate reciprocal cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix(ECM) interactions leading to assembly of integrin adhesion complexes(IACs) that initiate many signaling functions both at the membrane and deeper within the cytoplasm to coordinate processes including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, survival, differentiation, and metabolism. All metazoan organisms possess integrins, and it is generally agreed that integrins were associated with the evolution of multicellularity, being essential for the association of cells with their neighbors and surroundings, during embryonic development and many aspects of cellular and molecular biology. Integrins have important roles in many aspects of embryonic development, normal physiology, and disease processes with a multitude of functions discovered and elucidated for integrins that directly influence many areas of biology and medicine, including mammalian pregnancy, in particular implantation of the blastocyst to the uterine wall, subsequent placentation and conceptus(embryo/fetus and associated placental membranes) development. This review provides a succinct overview of integrin structure, ligand binding, and signaling followed with a concise overview of embryonic development, implantation, and early placentation in pigs, sheep, humans, and mice as an example for rodents. A brief timeline of the initial localization of integrin subunits to the uterine luminal epithelium(LE) and conceptus trophoblast is then presented, followed by sequential summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs, sheep, humans, and rodents. As appropriate for this journal, summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs and sheep are in depth, whereas summaries for humans and rodents are brief. Because similar models to those illustrated in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are present throughout the sc

关键词： Humans Implantation Integrins Pigs Pregnancy Rodents Sheep

Metabolomic reveals the inhibition mechanism of proline on hexanal production in chicken meat

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Huanxian Cui Yuxi Jin Yanke Wang Xiaoya Yuan Li Liu Jie Wen Guiping Zhao State Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition， Institute of animal Science， Chinese Academy of Agricultural sciences

Hexanal contributes significantly to meat flavor. The aim of this study was to identify the metabolic pathways of hexanal formation in chicken meat. We found 32 metabolites associated with hexanal content in chicken meat， mainly including fatty acids (linoleic acid， etc.， positive correlation) and some amino acids (L-proline， etc.， negative correlation). A comparative analysis of the expression of these 32 metabolites between two groups of chickens with high- and low hexanal content revealed that L-proline and phenylacetaldehyde were downregulated， while ADP-ribose and 4-methylphenol were upregulated in the high-hexanal content chickens. It was also found that the increase of ADP-ribose induced the conversion of L-proline to other amino acids， such as arginine， through a process likely involving the pyrimidine metabolism pathway， leading to a reduction in proline content， which in turn abolished the inhibitory effect of proline on hexanal and enhanced the formation of hexanal. These findings confirm the effect of linoleic acid on hexanal content， and also reveal a negative regulatory effect of proline on the production of hexanal and its elimination mechanism in chicken meat.

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Supplementation of vitamin E or a botanical extract as antioxidants to improve growth performance and health of growing pigs housed under thermoneutral or heat-stressed conditions

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1101-1118页

作者： Ysenia V.Silva‑Guillen Consuelo Arellano Jeffrey Wiegert R.Dean Boyd Gabriela E.Martinez Eric van Heugten department of animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA department of Statistics North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA department of animal Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA animal Nutrition Research LLCAlvatonKY 42122USA.

Background Heat stress has severe negative consequences on performance and health of pigs,leading to significant economic *** objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplemental vitamin E and a botanical extract in feed or drinking water on growth performance,intestinal health,and oxidative and immune status in grow-ing pigs housed under heat stress *** Duplicate experiments were conducted,each using 64 crossbred pigs with an initial body weight of 50.7±3.8 and 43.9±3.6 kg and age of 13-week and 12-week,***(n=128)were housed individually and assigned within weight blocks and sex to a 2×4 factorial arrangement consisting of 2 environments(thermo-neutral(21.2℃)or heat-stressed(30.9℃))and 4 supplementation treatments(control diet;control+100 IU/L of D-α-tocopherol in water;control+200 IU/kg of DL-α-tocopheryl-acetate in feed;or control+400 mg/kg of a botanical extract in feed).Results Heat stress for 28 d reduced(P≤0.001)final body weight,average daily gain,and average daily feed intake(-7.4 kg,-26.7%,and-25.4%,respectively)but no effects of supplementation were detected(P>0.05).Serum vitamin E increased(P<0.001)with vitamin E supplementation in water and in feed(1.64 vs.3.59 and 1.64 vs.3.24),but not for the botanical extract(1.64 vs.1.67 mg/kg)and was greater when supplemented in water ***(P=0.002).Liver vitamin E increased(P<0.001)with vitamin E supplementations in water(3.9 vs.31.8)and feed(3.9 vs.18.0),but not with the botanical extract(3.9 vs.4.9 mg/kg).Serum malondialdehyde was reduced with heat stress on d 2,but increased on d 28(interaction,P<0.001),and was greater(P<0.05)for antioxidant supplementation compared to *** proliferation was reduced(P=0.037)in the jejunum under heat stress,but increased in the ileum when vitamin E was supplemented in feed and water under heat stress(interaction,P=0.04).Tumor necrosis factor-αin jejunum and ileum mucosa decreased by heat stress(P<0.05)and was re

关键词： Botanical extract Growing pigs Heat stress Immune status Oxidative status Tocopherol Water

AP-1 and SP1 trans-activate the expression of hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 in the bioactivation of AFB1 in chicken

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Science China(Life sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1468-1478页

作者： Jiang Deng Jia-Cheng Yang Yue Feng Ze-Jing Xu Kamil Kuča Meng Liu Lv-Hui Sun State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Hradec KraloveHradec Kralove 50003Czech Republic

Dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1(AFB1)is harmful to the health and performance of domestic *** hepatic cytochrome P450s(CYPs),CYP1A1 and CYP2A6,are the primary enzymes responsible for the bioactivation of AFB1to the highly toxic exo-AFB1-8,9-epoxide(AFBO)in ***,the transcriptional regulation mechanism of these CYP genes in the liver of chicks in AFB1metabolism remains ***-luciferase reporter assay,bioinformatics and site-directed mutation results indicated that specificity protein 1(SP1)and activator protein-1(AP-1)motifs were located in the core region-1,063/-948,-606/-541 of the CYP1A1 promoter as well as-636/-595,-503/-462,-147/-1 of the CYP2A6 ***,overexpression and decoy oligodeoxynucleotide technologies demonstrated that SP1 and AP-1 were pivotal transcriptional activators regulating the promoter activity of CYP1A1 and ***,bioactivation of AFB1to AFBO could be increased by upregulation of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 expression,which was trans-activated owing to the upregulation of AP-1,rather than SP1,stimulated by AFB1-induced reactive oxygen ***,nano-selenium could reduce ROS,downregulate AP-1 expression and then decrease the expression of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6,thus alleviating the toxicity of *** conclusion,AP-1 and SP1 played important roles in the transactivation of CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 expression and further bioactivated AFB1to AFBO in chicken liver,which could provide novel targets for the remediation of aflatoxicosis in chicks.

关键词： aflatoxin B1 CYP1A1 CYP2A6 SP1 AP-1 transcriptional activation

Low crude protein formulation with supplemental amino acids for its impacts on intestinal health and growth performance of growing-finishing pigs

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1590-1606页

作者： Marcos Elias Duarte Wanpuech Parnsen Shihai Zhang Marvio L.T.Abreu Sung Woo Kim department of animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

Background Low crude protein(CP)formulations with supplemental amino acids(AA)are used to enhance intestinal health,reduce costs,minimize environmental impact,and maintain growth performance of ***,extensive reduction of dietary CP can compromise growth performance due to limited synthesis of non-essential AA and limited availability of bioactive compounds from protein supplements even when AA requirements are ***,implementing a low CP formulation can increase the net energy(NE)content in feeds causing excessive fat *** supplementation of functional AA,coupled with low CP formulation could further enhance intestinal health and glucose metabolism,improving nitrogen utilization,and growth *** experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of low CP formulations with supplemental AA on the intestinal health and growth performance of growing-finishing *** In Exp.1,90 pigs(19.7±1.1 kg,45 barrows and 45 gilts)were assigned to 3 treatments:CON(18.0%CP,supplementing Lys,Met,and Thr),LCP(16.0%CP,supplementing Lys,Met,Thr,Trp,and Val),and LCPT(16.1%CP,LCP+0.05%SID Trp).In Exp.2,72 pigs(34.2±4.2 kg BW)were assigned to 3 treatments:CON(17.7%CP,meeting the requirements of Lys,Met,Thr,and Trp);LCP(15.0%CP,meeting Lys,Thr,Trp,Met,Val,Ile,and Phe);and VLCP(12.8%CP,meeting Lys,Thr,Trp,Met,Val,Ile,Phe,His,and Leu).In Exp.3,72 pigs(54.1±5.9 kg BW)were assigned to 3 treatments and fed experimental diets for 3 phases(grower 2,finishing 1,and finishing 2).Treatments were CON(18.0%,13.8%,12.7%CP for 3 phases;meeting Lys,Met,Thr,and Trp);LCP(13.5%,11.4%,10.4%CP for 3 phases;meeting Lys,Thr,Trp,Met,Val,Ile,and Phe);and LCPG(14.1%,12.8%,11.1%CP for 3 phases;LCP+Glu to match SID Glu with CON).All diets had 2.6 Mcal/kg *** In Exp.1,overall,the growth performance did not differ among *** LCPT increased(P<0.05)Claudin-1 expression in the duodenum and *** LCP and LCPT increased(P<0.05)CAT-1,4F2hc,and B0AT exp

关键词： Amino acids Growing-finishing pigs Growth performance Intestinal health Low crude protein formulation Net energy