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Phenolic Profile and Volatiles of in vitro Propagated Lavandula angustifolia ***

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 427-444页

作者： Mir Abdullatif Yahya Fatma Tunali Dilek Killi Atalay Sökmen Biotechnology department Konya Food and Agriculture UniversityKonya42080Türkiye Plant Production and Technologies department Konya Food and Agriculture UniversityKonya42080Türkiye

An effective in vitro propagation protocol was designed for Lavandula angustifolia Miller,a medicinal aromatic plant that is a prominent source of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).Murashige and Skoog media were supplemented with various concentrations of Plant Growth Regulators(PGRs),and the growth parameters of the nodal segments were *** explants formed callus when they were supplemented with 2 mg/L of 6-Benzylaminopurine(BAP).The superior hormonal concentration of Murashige and Skoog(MS)media for the proliferation of shoots from callus cultures(39.33%)was 5 mg/L of 2-Isopentenyl adenine(2iP),and the favorable media for the growth of *** callus cultures was 1 and 2 mg/L of BAP,with a 98%for-mation rate in each *** callus cultures and in vitro propagated *** seedlings obtained from var-ious PGR concentrations of MS media were exposed to qualitative and quantitative analysis in terms of phenolic proﬁles,ﬂavonoids,High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)analysis of phenolic acids,and headspace-SPME analysis for *** analysis revealed that micropropagated seedlings grown in media containing 1 mg/L of 6-Furfurylaminopurine(KIN)accumulated the highest yield(11.95±0.01 mg GAE/g)of phenolic *** contrast,the lowest concentration(2.17±0.04 mg GAE/g)was detected in 0.5 mg/L of BAP+0.5 mg/L of Naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA)*** plantlets grown in 0.5 mg/L of BAP+0.5 mg/L of NAA media showed the highestﬂavonoid yield(31.67±0.06μg/g QE/g).In contrast,callus samples exhibited the lowest yield(11.59±0.02μg/g QE/g)ofﬂavonoids in MS media supplemented with a concentration of 0.5 mg/L of *** analysis revealed the variability of phenolic acid contents within the callus cultures as well as plantlets,with gallic acid,4-OH benzoic acid,chlorogenic acid,vanillic acid,caffeic acid,cinnamic acid,and rosmarinic acid being the prominent *** presence of twenty-two chemicals was revealed by headspace-SPME ***

关键词： Lavender indirect organogenesis micropropagation This

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Multi‑omics integration identifies regulatory factors underlying bovine subclinical mastitis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 987-1007页

作者： Mengqi wang Naisu Yang Mario Laterriere David Gagne Faith Omonijo Eveline M.Ibeagha‑Awemu agriculture and Agri‑food Canada Sherbrooke Research and Development CentreSherbrookeQCCanada department of Animal Science Universite LavalQuebec CityQCCanada Quebec Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaQuebec CityQCCanada

Background Mastitis caused by multiple factors remains one of the most common and costly disease of the dairy ***-omics approaches enable the comprehensive investigation of the complex interactions between mul-tiple layers of information to provide a more holistic view of disease ***,this study investigated the genomic and epigenomic signatures and the possible regulatory mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis by integrating RNA sequencing data(mRNA and lncRNA),small RNA sequencing data(miRNA)and DNA methylation sequencing data of milk somatic cells from 10 healthy cows and 20 cows with naturally occurring subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus *** Functional investigation of the data sets through gene set analysis uncovered 3458 biological process GO terms and 170 KEGG pathways with altered activities during subclinical mastitis,provided further insights into subclin-ical mastitis and revealed the involvement of multi-omics signatures in the altered immune responses and impaired mammary gland productivity during subclinical *** abundant genomic and epigenomic signatures with sig-nificant alterations related to subclinical mastitis were observed,including 30,846,2552,1276 and 57 differential methylation haplotype blocks(dMHBs),differentially expressed genes(DEGs),lncRNAs(DELs)and miRNAs(DEMs),***,5 factors presenting the principal variation of differential multi-omics signatures were *** important roles of Factor 1(DEG,DEM and DEL)and Factor 2(dMHB and DEM),in the regulation of immune defense and impaired mammary gland functions during subclinical mastitis were *** of the omics within Factors 1 and 2 explained about 20%of the source of variation in subclinical ***,networks of impor-tant functional gene sets with the involvement of multi-omics signatures were demonstrated,which contributed to a comprehensive view of the possible regu

关键词： Candidate discriminant multi-omics signature Gene Long non-coding RNA Methylation haplotype block MicroRNA Multi-omics integration Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity pathway Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway

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High Power Microwave Treatment Impacts on Microbes in Rough Rice

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 139-141,I0020,I0021页

作者： Faith OUMA Luthra KAUSHIK Boreddy SREENIVASULA Oduola ABASS Griffiths G.ATUNGULU department of food Science University of Arkansas Division of AgricultureFayetteville 72704USA department of Processing and food Engineering Dr.NTR College of Agricultural EngineeringBapatla 522101India

As rice consumption increases,ensuring its safety has become a priority for the food *** address this concern,the industry is exploring a single-pass microbial inactivation treatment at the rough rice *** this study,a long-grain rice variety,RT7321[21.2%wet basis(WB)and a 20 mm bed thickness]was exposed to microwave radiation(915 MHz frequency)at powers of 16,18,and 20 kW for durations of 1,2,and 3 *** found that the highest microwave power(20 kW)and the longest exposure duration(3 min)produced the greatest reduction in total aerobic count and total fungal count,reducing them by up to 1.21 and 5.01 log(CFU/g),*** findings provided insights into the used to high-power,shortduration 915 MHz microwave technology for decontamination purposes in rough rice to help improve the microbial safety of *** aim is to develop a single-pass drying approach for microbial inactivation in rice processing facilities while ensuring that the yield and quality is not compromised.

关键词： microwave insight facilities

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Fractal image analysis and bruise damage evaluation of impact damage in guava

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Information Processing in agriculture 2024年第2期11卷 217-227页

作者： Than Htike Rattapon Saengrayap Hiroaki Kitazawa Saowapa Chaiwong School of Agro-Industry Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand department of agriculture Ministry of AgricultureLivestock and Irrigation 11181Myanmar Integrated Agri-Tech Ecosystem Research Group Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Institute of food Research National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationIbaraki 305-8642Japan

Impact bruise damage and quality of‘Gim Ju’guava were investigated for different drop heights and number of drops using fractal image *** the impact test,a stainless-steel metal ball(250 g)was dropped on fruit from three drop heights(0,0.3,0.6 m)either once or five *** quality was evaluated for impact energy,bruise area(BA),bruise volume(BV),bruise susceptibility,bruise score and pulp color(L*,a*,b*and C values).The fractal dimension(FD)value using fractal image analysis was analyzed at the bruise *** showed that five drops(0.3 m)with a high impact energy(3678.75 J)and a single drop(0.6 m)with a low impact energy(1471.50 J)exhibited no significant in BA,BV,bruise score as well as all color values(L*,a*,b*and C).While the FD value of a single drop from 0.6 m had a higher FD value than that of five drops from 0.3 *** is indicated that FD exhibited a better performance to classify impact bruising level of guava than BA,BV and color *** FD value gradually decreased with increase of storage time and bruise *** correlation coefficient(r)values of FD(r=−0.794 and−0.745)between BA and BV were more significant than those L*(r=−0.660 and−0.615)and a*(r=0.579 and 0.473).The coefficient of determination(R^(2))of the polynomial equation in bruised fruit(R^(2)=0.85 to 0.99)was greater than the control(no bruise)(R^(2)=0.80).A higher R^(2)val(0.88 and 0.92)was exhibited at five ***,FD analysis showed greater potential than color measurement to assess bruise impact damage in guava.

关键词： Bruise susceptibility Impact bruise Mechanical injury Transportation

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Effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose and xylotriose on plasma immunoglobulin, cecal metabolites production, microbial ecology, and metabolic pathways in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1578-1589页

作者： Razib Das Pravin Mishra Birendra Mishra Rajesh Jha department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background Dietary supplementation of xylooligosac charides(XOS) has been found to influence gut health by manipulating cecal microbiota and producing microbe-origin *** no study investigated and compared the effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose(XOS2) and xy lotriose(XOS3) in *** study investigated the effect of in ovo feeding of these XOS compounds on post-hatch gut health parameters in chickens.A total of 144 fertilized chicken eggs were divided into three groups:a) non-injected control(CON),b) XOS2,and c) *** the 17^(th) embryonic day,the eggs of the XOS2 and XOS3 groups were injected with 3 mg of XOS2 and XOS3 diluted in 0.5 mL of 0.85% normal saline through the amniotic *** hatching,the chicks were raised for 21 *** was collected on d 14 to measure plasma *** digests were collected for measuring short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) on d 14 and 21,and for microbial ecology and microbial metabolic pathway analyses on d 7 and *** The results were considered significantly different at Pwas a reduction in the relative abundance of genus Clostridium sense stricto 1 in the XOS2 compared to the CON on d 7 and the genus Ruminococcus,torques in both XOS2 and XOS3 groups compared to the CON on d *** XOS2 and XOS3 groups reduced the genes for chondroitin sulfate degradation Ⅰ and L-histidine degradation Ⅰpathways,which contribute to improved gut health,respectivelyc in the micr

关键词： Broiler In ovo Metagenomics Prebiotic Xylooligosaccharides

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Methionine sources and genotype affect embryonic intestinal development,antioxidants,tight junctions,and growth-related gene expression in chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 218-230页

作者： James K.Lugata Sawadi F.Ndunguru Gebrehaweria K.Reda Xénia E.Ozsváth Eszter Angyal Levente Czeglédi Gabriella Gulyás Renáta Knop János Oláh Zoltán Mészár Rita Varga Brigitta Csernus Csaba Szabó department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Faculty of agriculture and food Sciences and Environmental Management Doctoral School of Animal ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Methionine(Met)is an essential and first limiting amino acid in the poultry diet that plays a significant role in chicken embryonic development and *** present study examined the effect of in ovo injection of DL-Met and L-Met sources and genotypes on chicken embryonic-intestinal development and *** eggs of the two genotypes,TETRA-SL layer hybrid(TSL)—commercial layer hybrid and Hungarian Partridge colored hen breed(HPC)—a native genotype,were randomly distributed into four treatments for each *** treatment groups include the following:1)control non-injected eggs(NoIn);2)saline-injected(SaIn);3)DL-Met injected(DLM);and 4)L-Met injected(LM).The in ovo injection was carried out on 17.5 d of embryonic development;after hatching,eight chicks per group were sacrificed,and the jejunum was extracted for *** results showed that both DLM and LM groups had enhanced intestinal development as evidenced by increased villus width,villus height,and villus area(P<0.05)compared to the *** DLM group had significantly reduced crypt depth,glutathione(GSH)content,glutathione S-transferase 3 alpha(GST3),occludin(OCLN)gene expression and increased villus height to crypt depth ratio in the TSL genotype than the LM group(P<0.05).The HPC genotype has overexpressed insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1)gene,tricellulin(MD2),occludin(OCLN),superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1),and GST3 genes than the TSL genotype(P<0.05).In conclusion,these findings showed that in ovo injection of Met enhanced intestinal development,and function,with genotypes responding differently under normal *** also influenced the expression of intestinal antioxidants,tight junction,and growth-related genes.

关键词： DL-Methionine L-Methionine In ovo injection Intestinal development Poultry

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Finding biomarkers of experience in animals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 925-944页

作者： Sarah Babington Alan J.Tilbrook Shane K.Maloney Jill N.Fernandes Tamsyn M.Crowley Luoyang Ding Archa H.Fox Song Zhang Elise A.Kho Daniel Cozzolino Timothy J.Mahony Dominique Blache School of agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia Centre for Animal Science The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of Human Sciences The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia School of Medicine Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3217Australia Poultry Hub Australia University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2350Australia College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Centre for Nutrition and food Sciences The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia

At a time when there is a growing public interest in animal welfare,it is critical to have objective means to assess the way that an animal experiences a *** is critical to ensure appropriate animal welfare *** behavioural,physiological,and neurobiological indicators that are used to assess animal welfare can verify the absence of extremely negative *** welfare is more than an absence of negative outcomes and an appropriate indicator should reflect the full spectrum of experience of an animal,from negative to *** this review,we draw from the knowledge of human biomedical science to propose a list of candidate biological markers(biomarkers)that should reflect the experiential state of non-human *** proposed biomarkers can be classified on their main function as endocrine,oxidative stress,non-coding molecular,and thermobiological *** also discuss practical challenges that must be addressed before any of these biomarkers can become useful to assess the experience of an animal in real-life.

关键词： Animal experience Animal welfare Biomarker Stress Welfare assessment

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Effects of the concentration and nature of total dissolved solids in drinking water on feed intake, nutrient digestion, energy balance,methane emission, ruminal fermentation, and blood constituents in different breeds of young goats and hair sheep

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第01期16卷 84-95页

作者： Amlan Kumar Patra Luana Paula dos Santos Ribeiro Hirut Yirga Adekayode O.Sonibare Ahmed R.Askar Ali H.Hussein Ryszard Puchala Arthur Louis Goetsch American Institute for Goat Research Langston University Animal and Poultry Nutrition department Desert Research Center agriculture Food and Natural ResourcesEastern New Mexico University

Understanding how different livestock species and breeds respond to consumption of brackish water could improve usage of this ***,Angora,Boer,and Spanish goat doelings and Dorper,Katahdin,and *** ewe lambs (6 animals per animal type[AT];initial age=296±2.1 days)consuming water with varying concentrations of minerals of a natural brackish water source (BR) and sodium chloride (NaCl;SL) were used to determine effects on water and feed intake,nutrient digestion,heat energy,methane emission,ruminal fluid conditions,and blood constituent *** were 6 simultaneous 6 (water treatments[WT])×6 (AT) Latin squares with 3-wk *** WT were fresh (FR),BR alone (100-BR),a similar total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration as 100-BR via NaCl addition to FR (100-SL),BR with concentrations of all minerals increased by approximately 50%(150-BR),a similar TDS level as 150-BR by NaCl addition to FR (150-SL),and a similar 150 TDS level achieved by addition of a 1:1 mixture of BR minerals and NaCl to 100-BR (150-BR/SL).Concentrations (mg/kg) in BR were 4928 TDS,85.9 bicarbonate,224.9 calcium,1175 chloride,60.5 magnesium,4.59 potassium,1387sodium,1962 sulfate,and 8.3 boron,and TDS in other WT were 209,5684,7508,8309,and 7319 mg/kg for FR,100-SL,150-BR,150-SL,and 150-BR/SL,*** were very few significant effects of WT or AT×WT interactions,although AT had numerous *** intake was affected by AT (P=0.02)and WT (P=0.04),with greater water intake for 150-SL than for FR,100-BR,100-SL,and *** matter intake among AT was lowest (Pwas higher (P<0.05) for FR than for other *** conclusion,all AT seemed resilient to these WT regardless of mineral source and concentrations,with TDS less than 8300 mg/kg,which did

关键词： Goats Hair sheep Nutrient utilization Ruminal fermentation Salinity water quality

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Evaluation of ruminal methane and ammonia formation and microbiota composition as affected by supplements based on mixtures of tannins and essential oils using Rusitec

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1607-1622页

作者： Giulia Foggi Melissa Terranova Matteo Daghio Sergej L.Amelchanka Giuseppe Conte Simon Ineichen Monica Agnolucci Carlo Viti Alberto Mantino Arianna Buccioni Michael Kreuzer Marcello Mele department of agriculture Food and Environment(DAFE)University of Pisa56124 PisaItaly AgroVet‑Strickhof ETH ZurichLindauSwitzerland department of agriculture FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50144Italy Centro Di Ricerche Agro‑Ambientali“E.Avanzi” University of PisaPisa 56122Italy School of Agricultural Forest and Food Sciences HAFLBern University of Applied SciencesZollikofenSwitzerland Institute of Agricultural Sciences ETH ZurichLindauSwitzerland

Background Dietary supplements based on tannin extracts or essential oil compounds(EOC)have been repeatedly reported as a promising feeding strategy to reduce the environmental impact of ruminant husbandry.A previous batch culture screening of various supplements identified selected mixtures with an enhanced potential to mitigate ruminal methane and ammonia *** these,Q-2(named after quebracho extract and EOC blend 2,composed of carvacrol,thymol,and eugenol)and C-10(chestnut extract and EOC blend 10,consisting of oregano and thyme essential oils and limonene)have been investigated in detail in the present study with the semi-continuous rumen simulation technique(Rusitec)in three independent *** this purpose,Q-2 and C-10,dosed according to the previous study,were compared with a non-supplemented diet(negative control,NC)and with one supplemented with the commercial EOC-based Agolin^(R) Ruminant(positive control,PC).Results From d 5 to 10 of fermentation incubation liquid was collected and analysed for pH,ammonia,protozoa count,and gas *** residues were collected for the determination of ruminal *** d 10,samples of incubation liquid were also characterised for bacterial,archaeal and fungal communities by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 26S ribosomal large subunit gene *** of the duration of the fermentation period,Q-2 and C-10 were similarly efficient as PC in mitigating either ammonia(-37%by Q-2,-34%by PC)or methane formation(-12%by C-10,-12%by PC).The PC was also responsible for lower feed degradability and bacterial and fungal richness,whereas Q-2 and C-10 effects,particularly on microbiome diversities,were limited compared to *** All additives showed the potential to mitigate methane or ammonia formation,or both,in vitro over a period of 10 ***,several differences occurred between PC and Q-2/C-10,indicating different mechanisms of *** pronounced defaunation caused by PC a

关键词： Additive Bacteria Continuous culture Degradability Fermentation Fungi Greenhouse gas In vitro Microbiome Rumen

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Ammonia and greenhouse gas distribution in a dairy barn during warm periods

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第3期11卷 428-441页

作者： Provvidenza Rita D’URSO Claudia ARCIDIACONO Giovanni CASCONE department of agriculture Food and EnvironmentUniversity of CataniaVia S.Sofia n.100Catania 95123Italy

This research aimed to quantify concentrations of ammonia(NH3),carbon dioxide(CO_(2))and methane(CH_(4)),estimate emissions,and analyze the factors influencing them during warm periods in an open dairy barn equipped with two cooling systems in a Mediterranean climate *** distribution within the barn was observed to vary both vertically and horizontally,with the highest gas concentrations observed in the central area of the ***_(3),CH_(4)and CO_(2)ranged in 1.7–7.4,7–18,560–724μg·g^(–1),*** ventilation through openings and the operation of cooling systems induced changes in indoor microclimate conditions,influencing cow behavior and,consequently,gas *** concentrations were the highest at air velocities below 0.5 m·s^(–1).The highest concentration of NH_(3)was observed when the temperature-humidity index(THI)was>72 and≤78;and CO_(2)and CH_(4)concentrations were the highest with THI≥72 and decreased with THI≤***_(3)concentrations when barn management included three daily milkings were higher than those measured when barn management was based on two daily milkings,and lower for CH_(4)and CO_(2).NH_(3)and CH_(4)emissions were the highest during barn cleaning,while the lowest NH_(3)emissions occurred during activity of the cows(i.e.,feeding,walking).

关键词： Ammonia greenhouse gas environmental monitoring cows’behavior barn management housing system climatic parameters

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