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Hydrolyzing Condition and Immunocompetence of Sheep Bone Protein Enzymatic Lysates

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agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第11期8卷 1332-1338页

作者： YANG Hua LIU Yu-hua MA Li-zhen KONG Bao-hua College of food Science and engineering Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu 030801 t~R.China College of food Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 P.R. China food Science department Tianjin Agricultural College Tianjin 300384 P..R. China

Utilizing collagen of sheep bone as material to get immunocompetent peptide, enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were optimized using quadratic regression general rotation design. The effect of temperature （T）, time （t）, enzyme/substrate （E/S） ratio, and substrate concentration （S） on the amount of tricarboxylix acid cycle （TCA） soluble peptides were investigated. The content of soluble peptide in the acquisition was measured by Folin-hydrozybebzebe method, and the correlation between soluble peptide content and immunocompetence was analyzed by SAS software. The best enzymatic hydrolysis condition was gotten from Design Expert 7.1.2 software. The optimal condition under which immunocompetent peptides could be prepared was 1 576 U g^-1 （E/S）, 64.05℃ （T）, 0.271 kg L^-1 （S）, and 7.22 h （t）. The correlation coefficient between TCA soluble peptides and the immuneocompetence was 0.045 〈r0.05 = 0.355, which indicated that they had no significant correlation. The result showed that the soluble peptide contained immunocompetent peptides which content was independent of immunocompetence in the hydrolasates.

关键词： sheep bone papain soluble peptide immunocompetence

Energy balance and environmental impacts of rice and wheat production:A case study in Nepal

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2019年第1期12卷 201-207页

作者： Anil Pokhrel Peeyush Soni Nepal agricultural Research Council KathmanduNepal department of agricultural and food engineering Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurWest Bengal 721302India

Energy and environment are the key concerns in todays’*** study investigated energy balance and environmental impact of rice and wheat production systems in terms of energy ratio,impact of energy inputs to the crop yield and CO2e(carbon dioxide equivalent)emissions under terai and hill geographical regions of *** data were collected from 139 randomly selected farms by using structured *** results revealed that the total energy consumption in rice and wheat production were 9.70 GJ/hm^(2)(terai)to 11.78 GJ/hm^(2)(hill)and 8.40 GJ/hm^(2)(hill)to 10.95 GJ/hm^(2)(terai),*** energy balance of rice and wheat production were found 46.33 GJ/hm^(2)(hill)to 59.29 GJ/hm^(2)(terai)and 27.14 GJ/hm^(2)(terai)to 38.52 GJ/hm^(2)(hill),respectively,where energy use efficiency in terai and hill were found to be 7.14 and 4.97 in rice,and 3.49 and 5.59 in wheat,*** contribution of fertilizer on impacts was significant among other energy inputs in rice and wheat production in both geographical *** CO_(2)e emissions from rice and wheat were higher by 52%and 78%in hill as compared to respective crop rice(1786 kg CO_(2)e/hm^(2))and wheat(843 kg CO2e/hm^(2))in *** study showed that rice production system in terai is more energy and environmentally efficient,whilst wheat production in hill is more energy efficient.

关键词： energy indices environmental impact productivity profitability GHG emissions rice wheat sensitivity analysis

Rapid and non-destructive decay detection of Yali pears using hyperspectral imaging coupled with 2D correlation spectroscopy

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2022年第5期15卷 236-244页

作者： Yufan Zhang Wenxiu Wang Fan Zhang Qianyun Ma Shuang Gao Jie Wang Jianfeng Sun Yuanyuan Liu College of food Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000HebeiChina agricultural engineering Key Laboratory at Universities of Education department of

The black spot disease caused by Alternaria alternata on Yali pears is a great concern as it compromises their edible quality and commercial *** realize rapid and non-destructive classification of this disease,hyperspectral imaging(HSI)technology was combined with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy(2DCOS)analysis.A total of 150 pear samples at different decay grades were *** obtaining the HSI images,the whole sample was demarcated as the region of interest,and the spectral information was *** preprocessing methods were applied and compared to build the classification ***,using the inoculation day as an external perturbation,2DCOS was used to select the feature-related wavebands for black spot disease identification,and the result was compared to those obtained using competitive adaptive reweighting sampling and the successive projections *** demonstrated that the simplified least squares support vector model based on 2DCOS-identified feature wavebands yielded the best performance with the identification accuracy,precision,sensitivity,and specificity of 97.30%,94.60%,96.16%,and 98.21%,***,2DCOS can effectively interpret the feature-related wavebands,and its combination with HSI is an effective tool to predict black spot disease on Yali pears.

关键词： hyperspectral imaging technology black spot disease two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy Yali pear

Studies on Hydrogen Bonding Network Structures of Konjac Glucomannan

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2008年第4期27卷 431-436页

作者：庞杰孙玉敬杨幼慧陈缘缘陈艺勤孙远明 College of food Science South China Agricultural University College of Biosystem engineering and food Science Zhejiang University College of food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University

In this paper, the hydrogen bonding network models of konjac glucomannan （KGM） are predicted in the approach of molecular dynamics （MD）. These models have been proved by experiments whose results are consistent with those from simulation. The results show that the hydrogen bonding network structures of KGM are stable and the key linking points of hydrogen bonding network are at the O（6） and O（2） positions on KGM ring. Moreover, acety has significant influence on hydrogen bonding network and hydrogen bonding network structures are more stable after deacetylation.

关键词： konjac glucomannan hydrogen bonding network structure molecular dynamics

Hot air treatment activates defense responses and induces resistance against Botrytis cinerea in strawberry fruit

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第11期15卷 2658-2665页

作者： JIN Peng ZHENG Cong HUANG Yu-ping WANG Xiao-li LUO Zi-sheng ZHENG Yong-hua College of food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University College of Life Science and food engineering Huaiyin Institute of Technology College of Biosystems engineering and food Science Zhejiang University

The effect of hot air（HA, 45°C, 3.5 h） treatment on reducing gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea in strawberry fruit and the possible mechanisms were investigated. The results showed that HA treatment significantly reduced lesion diameter and enhanced activities of chitinase（CHI）, β-1,3-glucanase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase（PAL） in strawberry fruit. Total phenolic contents were also increased by HA treatment. The activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase（CAT） and ascorbate peroxidase（APX） were higher in HA treated strawberry fruit than those in control. Expression of three defense related genes such as CAT, CCR-1 allele and PLA6 was greatly induced in HA treated strawberry fruit with or without inoculation by B. cinerea. In addition, the in vitro experiment showed that HA treatment inhibited spore germination and tube growth of B. cinerea. These results suggested that HA treatment directly activated disease resistance against B. cinerea in strawberry fruit without priming response and directly inhibiting growth of B. cinerea.

关键词： strawberry hot air postharvest disease induced resistance Botrytis cinerea

Synthesis, X-ray Crystallographic Analysis and Bioactivities of α-Aminophosphonates Featuring Pyrazole and Fluorine Moieties

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2014年第11期33卷 1673-1682页

作者：洪艳平上官新晨 IQBAI Zafar 尹小莉 Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional food College of Food Science and Engineering Jiangxi Agricultural University PCSIR Laboratories Complex Library of Jiangxi agricultural University

A series of novel -aminophosphonates containing pyrazole and fluorine moieties was designed and synthesized through ultrasonic-assisted condensation and solvent-free addition reactions. Their structures were verified by IR, ^1H NMR, ^13C NMR and elemental analysis. The crystal structure of diethyl[（4-cyano-1H-pyrazol-3-ylamino）（3,5-difluorophenyl）methyl]phosphonate（4a, C15H17F2N4O3P） was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 4a crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 8.381（3）, b = 10.103（5）, c = 11.268（3） A, α= 83.772（19）, β= 74.726（19）, γ= 70.964（18）, V = 869.9（6） 3, Mr = 370.30, Dc = 1.414 g/cm^3, Z = 2, F（000） = 384, = 0.200 mm^-1, MoKa radiation（ = 0.71073 ）, the final R = 0.0487 and w R = 0.0823 for 1582 observed reflections with I 〉 2（I）. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that there are two planes in 4a, and the dihedral angle is 71.51°. Two intermolecular hydrogen bonds and a face-to-face … stacking interaction are observed in the crystal structure. The compounds were evaluated for their antifungal, antiviral and antitumor activities, respectively. Among them, 4b, 4c, 4g and 4h exhibit good activities on Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc at 200 μg/m L, while 4b, 4c, 4f and 4g possess good anti-TMV activities at 500 μg/m L. Unfortunately, all of the compounds showed weak antitumor activities.

关键词： α-aminophosphonate pyrazole and fluorine crystal structure bioactivities synthesis

Rheological properties of sweet potato starch before and after denaturalization

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Journal of Central South University 2008年第S1期15卷 500-505页

作者：肖华西林亲录夏新剑李丽辉林利忠吴卫国 Faculty of food Science and engineering Center South University of Forestry and Technology School of food and Science Hunan Agricultural University

Based on the sweet potato starch,cationic starch,acetic starch and cationic-acetic compoundedly modified starch were made through chemical *** above three kinds of static rheological parameter and dynamic rheological parameter were measured,*** experimental result reveals that the thermal stability of starchy viscosity increases after chemical *** the condition of identical shearing rate,the shear stress of cationic-acetic ester compoundedly modified sweet potato starch paste is the largest among these kinds of sweet potato *** attributes to a phenomenon of shearing ***,raw sweet potato starch has a larger gel intensity than that of modified starch.

关键词： sweet potato modified starch rheological properties pasting shearing rate

Storage stability of dried tomato slice

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2013年第4期6卷 104-110页

作者： Shittu S K Isiaka M department of agricultural engineering Bayero UniversityKanoNigeria department of agricultural engineering Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria

Unlike fresh farm produce,processed fruits and vegetables such as sun dried tomatoes can be categorized as ambient temperature shelf stable ***,large quantities of these products yet easily go bad most especially when the appropriate conditions for their storage are not *** minimize these losses,it is important to know and exploit the optimum environmental conditions and moisture content range for the storage of the *** present study through systematic theoretical assertions employed by other researchers on other crops seeks to establish the storage stability of dried tomato slice at three probable temperatures of 10,30 and 45°*** showed that in this temperature range,upper limit moisture content varied between 6%-7.5%and 6.5%-8.3%*** adsorption and desorption,*** corresponding lower limit moisture contents varied between 4.29%-5.52%and 5.15%-6.29%*** order to minimize moisture migration into or out of dried tomato slice during storage,the study revealed that the product should be stored within 29%-62%relative humidity.

关键词： dried tomato storage stability moisture content humidity temperature

Ability of soil bacterial composition as an indicator of levels of soil erosion in a badland

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第4期37卷 493-504页

作者： Gaetano Guida Vincenzo Palmeri Luca Settanni Raimondo Gaglio Marco Tolone Vito Ferro department of agricultural Food and Forest SciencesUniversity of Palermo

Calanchi(plural of calanco) are typical Italian badlands created by a combination of morphogenetic processes(rill and interrill erosion, gullying, piping, and mass movements) mainly originated by the effect of water. Calanchi are characterized by the sparse and patchy distribution of vegetation, and, in interplant areas, the soil surface is colonized by an association of organisms known as biological soil crust(BSC). A morphometric analysis of 45 basins in the studied calanchi area, based on a high-resolution digital elevation model, showed those basins are sediment removal systems characterized by rapid and relevant erosion processes. The goal of the current research is to evaluate the bacterial composition of BSC and to recognize its signature of land degradation processes in soil samples by a microbiological analysis(culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches). Soil bacterial distribution was investigated by a culture-independent approach, applying Illumina technology in soils with different vegetation cover. Four species were detected in site A(bare soil). In sites B(sparse vegetation) and C(densely vegetated soil) 19 and 18 bacterial taxa were detected, respectively. Sites B and C were characterized by 17 species in common. The microbial communities detected at sites B and C are typical of environments unable to support vegetation and microorganisms that are not specialized to live in these environments. Biodiversity analysis of the bacterial communities of biocrusts, done using richness and evenness indices, confirmed that the composition of the BSC communities can be a signature of the intensity of soil erosion processes.

关键词： Calanchi Biological soil crust Soil bacteria Vegetation cover Water erosion