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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 339-346页

作者： Ewa Błonska Adam Gorski Jarosław Lasota Department of Ecology and silviculture Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agriculture in Krakow29 Listopada 46 Str.31-425KrakowPoland

Decaying wood is an essential element of forest ecosystems and it affects its other *** aim of our research was to determine the decomposition rate of deadwood in various humidity and thermal conditions in the gaps formed in the montane forest *** research was carried out in the Babiog orski National *** research plots were marked out in the gaps of the stands,which were formed as a result of bark beetle *** plots were located in undisturbed *** research covered wood of two species–spruce and beech in the form of cubes with dimensions of 50 mm×50 mm×22 *** samples were placed directly on the soil surface and subjected to laboratory analysis after 36 months.A significant influence of the wood species and the study plot type on the physicochemical properties of the tested wood samples was *** characteristics strongly correlated with soil moisture.A significantly higher mass decline of wood samples was recorded on the reference study plots,which were characterized by more stable moisture *** decomposition of wood in the gaps regardless of the species is related to lower *** wood species covered by the study differed in the decomposition *** wood samples were characterized by a significantly higher decomposition rate compared to beech wood *** research has confirmed that disturbances that lead to the formation of gaps have a direct impact on the decomposition process of deadwood.

关键词： Bark beetle Beech Decomposition rate Forest ecosystem Mass decline Spruce Woody debris

Intensive management enhances mycorrhizal respiration but decreases free-living microbial respiration by affecting microbial abundance and community structure in Moso bamboo forest soils

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 508-519页

作者： Wenhao JIN Jiangfei GE Shuai SHAO Liyuan PENG Jiajia XING Chenfei LIANG Junhui CHEN Qiufang XU Hua QIN State Key Laboratory of Subtropical silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China School of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China

Intensive management is known to markedly alter soil carbon(C)storage and turnover in Moso bamboo forests compared with extensive ***,the effects of intensive management on soil respiration(RS)components remain *** study aimed to evaluate the changes in different RScomponents(root,mycorrhizal,and free-living microorganism respiration)in Moso bamboo forests under extensive and intensive management practices.A1-year in-situ microcosm experiment was conducted to quantify the RScomponents in Moso bamboo forests under the two management practices using mesh screens of varying *** results showed that the total RSand its components exhibited similar seasonal variability between the two management *** with extensive management,intensive management significantly increased cumulative respiration from mycorrhizal fungi by 36.73%,while decreased cumulative respiration from free-living soil microorganisms by 8.97%.Moreover,the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)increased by 43.38%,but bacterial and fungal abundances decreased by 21.65%and 33.30%,respectively,under intensive *** management practices significantly changed the bacterial community composition,which could be mainly explained by soil pH and available *** fungi and intensive management affected the interrelationships between bacterial *** equation modeling indicated that intensive management changed the cumulative RSby elevating AMF abundance and lowering bacterial *** concluded that intensive management reduced the microbial respiration-derived C loss,but increased mycorrhizal respiration-derived C loss.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi extensive management microbial co-occurrence network root respiration soil organic C soil respiration structural equation model

An improved method for edge detection based on neighbor distance for processing hemispheric photography

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第2期17卷 134-145页

作者： Yasi Liu Dayong Fan Han Sun Xiangping Wang State Key Laboratory of Effcient Production of Forest Resources School of Ecology and Nature ConservationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China The Key Laboratory for silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Hemisphere photos are now widely applied to provide information about solar radiation dynamics,canopy structure and their contribution to biophysical processes,plant productivity and ecosystem *** present study aims to improve the original‘edge detection’method for binary classifcation between sky and canopy,which works not well for closed *** supposed such inaccuracy probably is due to the infuence of sky pixels on their neighbor canopy ***,we introduced a new term‘neighbor distance’,defned as the distance between pixels participated in the calculation of contrast at the edges between classifed canopy and sky,into the‘edge detection’*** showed that choosing a suitable neighbor distance for a photo with a specifc gap fraction can signifcantly improve the accuracy of the original‘edge detection’*** developed an ND-IS(Neighbor Distance-Iteration Selection)method that can automatically determine the threshold values of hemisphere photos with high accuracy and *** combines the modifed‘edge detection’method and an iterative selection method,with the aid of an empirical power function for the relationship between neighbor distance and manually verifed gap *** procedure worked well throughout a broad range of gap fractions(0.019-0.945)with different canopy compositions and structures,in fve forest biomes along a broad gradient of latitude and longitude across Eastern *** results highlight the necessity of integrating neighbor distance into the original‘edge detection’*** advantages and limitations of the method,and the application of the method in the feld were also discussed.

关键词： hemisphere photos ‘edge detection’method neighbor distance gap fraction forest

Cell Wall Fixation,Translocation,and Vacuolar Detoxification of Cadmium Contribute to Differential Grain Cadmium Accumulation in Two Rice Cultivars

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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 241-244,I0008-I0010页

作者： ZHU Xiaofang ZHAO Ling HUANG Jing HE Jiatong SONG Jiayin TENG Ying SHEN Renfang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of ScienceNanjing 210008China State Key Laboratory of Subtropical silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China

Cadmium(Cd)toxicity in rice is a major concern for human health and the environment,as it can accumulate in rice grains when grown in Cd-contaminated *** mitigate the risk of Cd toxicity,it is crucial to cultivate rice varieties with low grain Cd *** the summers of 2021 and 2022,we conducted Cd analysis on two rice cultivars,Tianyouhuazhan(TYHZ)and Xiushui 14,grown in fields with varying Cd pollution *** cultivars were also subjected to hydroponic treatment with or without 1μmol/L Cd for 7 d to assess Cd accumulation,nitric oxide(NO)production。

关键词： cultivar soils pollution

Effects of site preparation methods on soil physical properties and outplanting success of coniferous seedlings in boreal forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 70-80页

作者： Aleksey S.Ilintsev Elena N.Nakvasina Alexander P.Bogdanov Northern Research Institute of Forestry 13 Nikitova Str.Arkhangelsk 163062Russian Federation Department of silviculture and Forest Management Northern(Arctic)Federal University Named After M.V.LomonosovSevernoy Dviny Emb.17Arkhangelsk 163002Russian Federation

This study assessed the effect of patch scarification and mounding on the physical properties of the root layer and the success of tree planting in various types of *** study was conducted on 12 forest sites in taiga forests of the European part of Russia.A total of 54 plots were set up to assess seedling survival;root collar diameter,height,and heigh increment were measured for 240 seedlings to assess *** the rooting layer,240 soil samples were taken to determine physical *** study showed that soil treatment methods had no effect on bulk density and total porosity in Cladina ***,reduced soil moisture was noted,particularly in mounds,resulting in increased *** Myrtillus sites,there were increased bulk density,reduced soil moisture,and total porosity in the *** treatment in Polytrichum sites resulted in reduced soil moisture and increased aeration *** the Myrtillus and Polytrichum sites,patch scarification had no effects on physical *** Polytrichum sites,survival rates,heights,and heigh increments of bareroot Norway spruce seedlings in mounds were higher than in patches;however,the same did not apply to *** Cladina and Myrtillus sites,there was no difference in growth for bareroot and containerised seedlings with different soil *** conditions and soil types should be considered when applying different soil treatment methods to ensure high survival rates and successful seedling growth.

关键词： Boreal forests Mechanical site preparation Patch scarification Mounding Soil properties Containerised seedlings Bareroot seedlings

Dietary nutrition, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and post-weaning diarrhea in piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 188-207页

作者： Xuebing Han Xiangdong Hu Wei Jin Gang Liu Department of Urology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Hunan Agricultural University Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry State Key Laboratory of Subtropical silviculture Zhejiang A&F University

Weaning is a critical transitional point in the life cycle of piglets. Early weaning can lead to post-weaning syndrome, destroy the intestinal barrier function and microbiota homeostasis, cause diarrhea and threaten the health of piglets. The nutritional components of milk and solid foods consumed by newborn animals can affect the diversity and structure of their intestinal microbiota, and regulate post-weaning diarrhea in piglets. Therefore, this paper reviews the effects and mechanisms of different nutrients,including protein, dietary fiber, dietary fatty acids and dietary electrolyte balance, on diarrhea and health of piglets by regulating intestinal function. Protein is an essential nutrient for the growth of piglets;however, excessive intake will cause many harmful effects, such as allergic reactions, intestinal barrier dysfunction and pathogenic growth, eventually aggravating piglet diarrhea. Dietary fiber is a nutrient that alleviates post-weaning diarrhea in piglets, which is related to its promotion of intestinal epithelial integrity, microbial homeostasis and the production of short-chain fatty acids. In addition, dietary fatty acids and dietary electrolyte balance can also facilitate the growth, function and health of piglets by regulating intestinal epithelial function, immune system and microbiota. Thus, a targeted control of dietary components to promote the establishment of a healthy bacterial community is a significant method for preventing nutritional diarrhea in weaned piglets.

关键词： Diarrhea Intestinal barrier Dietary protein Dietary fiber Dietary fatty acid Dietary electrolyte balance

Walnut peptide and ginseng Rg1 co-treatment prevents the loss of neurons and cognitive decline in mouse model with memory impairment

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Junxi Fu Kuzdeuova Damira Wentian Song Weijia Li Li Fang Yue Leng Chunlei Liu Dan Wu Weihong Min College of Food Science and Engineering， Jilin Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Subtropical silviculture， Zhejiang A&F University College of Food and Health， Zhejiang A&F University

In study， we investigated the effect of treatment with combination of < 3 kDa + Rg1 on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice and the mechanism of BDNF/TrKB/CREB signaling pathway in PC12 cells is regulated. In behavioral experiments， < 3 kDa+Rg1 treatment improved the memorizing ability of mice. Treatment with < 3 kDa+Rg1 significantly regulated the function of neurotransmitters and effectively improved the morphology of the neurons determined by H&E， Nissl， and Golgi staining. Additionally， immunohistochemistry showed that the < 3 kDa+Rg1 treatment significantly decreased AChE activity and increased ChAT content in the hippocampus. The treatment upregulated VAChT， activated the BDNF/TrKB/CREB signaling pathway， improved the remodeling of dendritic spines， and enhanced cholinergic functions. In the scopolamine-induced PC12 cells， combination treatment increased Trx-1 expression after administering TrKB and activated signaling pathway. The results showed combination of < 3 kDa+Rg1 activated the BDNF/TrKB/CREB signaling pathway by regulating function of neurotransmitters and enhanced cholinergic function to decrease cognitive impairment.

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Evolution history dominantly regulates fine root lifespan in tree species across the world

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 516-525页

作者： Xingzhao Huang Zhouying Lu Fangbing Li Yang Deng Fangfang Wan Quancheng Wang Fousseni Folega Jinsong Wang Zijian Guo Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Forest Resources and silviculture Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China State Key Laboratory of Subtropical silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology(LBEV) University of LomeTogo01PoBox 1515LomeTogo State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Understanding the drivers of variations in fine root lifespan is key to informing nutrient cycling and productivity in terrestrial ***,the general patterns and determinants of forest fine root lifespan at the global scale are still *** compiled a dataset of 421 fine root lifespan observations from 76 tree species globally to assess phylogenetic signals among species,explored relationships between fine root lifespan and biotic and abiotic factors,and quantified the relative importance of phylogeny,root system structure and functions,climatic and edaphic factors in driving global fine root lifespan ***,fine root lifespan showed a clear phylogenetic signal,with gymnosperms having a longer fine root lifespan than *** root lifespan was longer for evergreens than deciduous ***(ECM)plants had an extended fine root lifespan than arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)*** different climatic zones,fine root lifespan was the longest in the boreal zone,while it did not vary between the temperate and tropical *** root lifespan increased with soil depth and root ***,the analysis of relative importance indicated that phylogeny was the strongest driver influencing the variation in forest fine root lifespan,followed by soil clay content,root order,mean annual temperature,and soil depth,while other environmental factors and root traits exerted weaker *** results suggest that the global pattern of fine root lifespan in forests is shaped by the interplay of phylogeny,root traits and environmental *** findings necessitate accurate representations of tree evolutionary history in earth system models to predict fine root longevity and its responses to global changes.

关键词： Fine root lifespan Trees Phylogeny Root order Soil property Climatic factors

Leveraging plant biomechanics in multiscale plant systems for sustainable innovations

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1159-1163页

作者： Jinbo Shen Yansong Miao State Key Laboratory of Subtropical silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 636921Singapore School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637551Singapore

Integration of mechanical properties with the biomolecular network is fundamental in understanding various developmental and resilience signaling in *** mechanical properties of the cell wall-plasma membrane-cytoskeleton continuum and interconnected endomembrane system can regulate plant growth signaling and plant-microbiome interactions that unlock new opportunities for enhancing crop yield and defense,thereby promoting sustainable agriculture and food security.

关键词： aging thereby sustainable

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-mediated resistance to salt spray in Cinnamomum camphora seedlings enhanced by leaf functional traits

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第3期6卷 163-175页

作者： Xiao Li Duo Zheng Naili Zhang Lijia Dong Aiping Wu Qiqian Wu Hua Liu Mingshui Zhao Yan Li Xinping Wang Yanhong Wang State Key Laboratory of Subtropical silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources and the Key Laboratory of silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China School of Life and Environmental Sciences Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing 312000China Ecology Department College of Environment and EcologyHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake AreaHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Zhejiang Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration Hangzhou 311311China

Salt spray is a natural disturbance in coastal *** mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are recognized as bio-ameliorators of soil salinity in ***,the mechanism through which AMF protects Cinnamomum camphora against aerial salinity remains *** address this knowledge gap,plants were subjected to four fungal regimes,namely sterilized fungal inoculum,Glomus tortuosum,Funneliformis mosseae,or a combination of these two fungi,and exposed to three sprayed-salt regimes(0,7,or 14 mg NaCl cm−2 d−1)in a *** spray significantly decreased photosynthetic capabilities,total dry weight,and salinity tolerance of non-mycorrhizal *** inoculation,particularly a combination of *** and ***,evidently mitigated the detrimental effects induced by salt ***,mycorrhiza-mediated protection depended on the intensity of sprayed salt and the identity of fungal ***,the enhanced resistance of mycorrhizal *** seedlings to aerial salinity was mainly owing to increased leaf thickness and photosynthetic *** findings imply that inoculation with combined fungi could be an optimal strategy for cultivating *** plants in coastal *** results gained hold the potential to offer both theoretical and practical guidance for the managers of coastal ecosystems in soil restoration and conservation.

关键词： arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi leaf thickness photosynthetic capability salinity-tolerance salt spray