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How can the forest sector mitigate climate change in a changing climate? Case studies of boreal and northern temperate forests in eastern Canada

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 267-287页

作者： Lucas Moreau Evelyne Thiffault Dominic Cyr Yan Boulanger Robert Beauregard departement des sciences du bois et de la foret Universite LavalQuebecCanada Science and Technology Branch Environment and Climate Change CanadaGatineauCanada laurentian Forestry Centre Natural Resources CanadaQuebecCanada

Background:Forest based climate mitigation emerged as a key component of the Paris Agreement,and thus re-quires robust science to reduce uncertainties related to such *** aim of this study was to assess and compare the cumulative effects on carbon dynamics of forest management and climate change on boreal and northern temperate forest sector in eastern Canada for the 2020–2100 ***:We used the spatially explicit forest landscape model laNDIS-II and its extension Forest Carbon Suc-cession,in conjunction with the Carbon Budget Model for Harvested Wood Products *** simulated the dynamics of forest composition and carbon flows from forest ecosystems to wood products and their substitution effect on markets under increasing climate forcing,according to a tonne-year *** were con-ducted for a series of forest management scenarios based on realistic practices principally by clearcut in the boreal territory and continuous-cover forestry in the northern temperate *** scenarios included:i)a business-as-usual scenario(BaU),representing the current management strategy,ii)increased harvesting by 6.3%to 13.9%,iii)increased conservation(*** harvesting by 11.1%to 49.8%),iiii)and a scenario representing the natural evolution of the forest landscape(*** any management activity).Results:Our study revealed that increasing harvesting levels had contrasting effects on the mitigation potential in northern temperate(enhance net sequestration)and boreal forest sector(enhance net emissions)in comparison to the BaU from 2040 onwards,regardless of the future *** storage in wood products and the substi-tution effect were not sufficient to offset carbon emissions from ***,climate change had a strong impact on the capacity of both landscapes to act as carbon *** temperate landscapes became a net source of carbon over time due to their greater vulnerability to climate change than boreal landsc

关键词： Climate change Carbon Forest sector Forest management Boreal landscapes Northern temperate landscape Mitigation potential

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郯庐断裂带的两大发展阶段——广义的逆冲推覆断裂带和狭义的平移断裂带

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中国地质 2006年第6期33卷 1267-1275页

作者：侯明金 Jacques Mercier Pierre Vergely 王永敏安徽省地质调查院安徽合肥230001 departement des sciences de la terre Université Paris-Sud

笔者总结了近年来的研究成果认为,中国东部的郯庐断裂带自海西期以来经历了两个主要发展阶段:第一阶段是广义的郯庐断裂带发展阶段,晚三叠世—早侏罗世由于扬子地块与华北地块的碰撞,成为两地块的对接边界,具有逆冲推覆的性质,属广义的... 详细信息

笔者总结了近年来的研究成果认为,中国东部的郯庐断裂带自海西期以来经历了两个主要发展阶段:第一阶段是广义的郯庐断裂带发展阶段,晚三叠世—早侏罗世由于扬子地块与华北地块的碰撞,成为两地块的对接边界,具有逆冲推覆的性质,属广义的特提斯构造域。第二发展阶段从早白垩世以来,发展成为一条平移断裂带,属于狭义的环太平洋构造域的平移系统。岩相古地理资料显示了扬子地块与华北地块的对接始于晚二叠世早期;印支期的郯庐断裂带是一条由NE、NNE向展布的缓‘S’型的地块拼贴边界,在现今的郯庐断裂带上表现为残留的由北北西向南南东的斜向逆冲推覆的性质,中下构造层次表现为韧性逆冲推覆变形,上部构造层即前陆褶皱冲断带内的变形;应力场分析资料显示:早三叠世晚期开始地表浅部就有近南北向的挤压作用,左行走滑平移作用开始发育;早白垩世晚期开始转入引张伸展阶段,与中国东部的伸展作用一致;新近纪又转为近东西向挤压,发育逆冲兼右行走滑作用。

关键词：郯庐断裂带两大阶段广义的逆冲推覆型狭义的平移走滑型应力场分析安徽段

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Petrogenetic differences between the Middle-late Jurassic Cu-Pb-Zn-bearing and W-bearing granites in the Nanling Range,South China： A case study of the Tongshanling and Weijia deposits in southern Hunan Province

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Science China Earth sciences 2017年第7期60卷 1220-1236页

作者： HUANG XuDong LU JianJun Stanislas SIZARET WANG RuCheng MA DongSheng ZHANG RongQing ZHAO Xu WU JinWei State Key laboratory for Mineral deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China Institut des sciences de la terre d'Orleans UMR 7327-CNRS/Université d'Orleans/BRGM Orleans 45071 France Chinese Academy of sciences Key laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

The Middle-late Jurassic Cu-Pb-Zn-bearing and W-bearing granites in the Nanling Range have distinctly different mineralogical and geochemical signatures. The Cu-Pb-Zn-bearing granites are dominated by metaluminous amphibole-bearing granodiorites, which have higher CaO/(Na2O+K2O) ratios, light/heavy rare earth element(LREE/HREE) ratios, and δEu values,lower Rb/Sr ratios, and weak Ba, Sr, P, and Ti depletions, exhibiting low degrees of fractionation. The W-bearing granites are highly differentiated and peraluminous, and they have lower CaO/(Na2O+K2O) ratios, LREE/HREE ratios, and δEu values,higher Rb/Sr ratios, and strong Ba, Sr, P, and Ti depletions. The Cu-Pb-Zn-bearing granites were formed predominantly between155.2 and 167.0 Ma with a peak value of 160.6 Ma, whereas the W-bearing granites were formed mainly from 151.1 to 161.8Ma with a peak value of 155.5 Ma. There is a time gap of about 5 Ma between the two different types of ore-bearing *** on detailed geochronological and geochemical studies of both the Tongshanling Cu-Pb-Zn-bearing and Weijia W-bearing granites in southern Hunan Province and combined with the other Middle-late Jurassic Cu-Pb-Zn-bearing and W-bearing granites in the Nanling Range, a genetic model of the two different types of ore-bearing granites has been proposed. Asthenosphere upwelling and basaltic magma underplating were induced by the subduction of the palaeo-Pacific plate. The underplated basaltic magmas provided heat to cause a partial melting of the mafic amphibolitic basement in the lower crust, resulting in the formation of Cu-Pb-Zn mineralization related granodioritic magmas. With the development of basaltic magma underplating,the muscovite-rich metasedimentary basement in the upper-middle crust was partially melted to generate W-bearing granitic magmas. The compositional difference of granite sources accounted for the metallogenic specialization, and the non-simultaneous partial melting of one source followed by the other

关键词： Cu-Pb-Zn-bearing granites W-bearing granites Petrogenesis Middle-late Jurassic Nanling Range

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Paleozoic Accretionary Terranes in Northern Tianshan, NW China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2000年第3期19卷 193-202页

作者：舒良树陈云棠卢华复印栋浩 department of Earth sciences State Key Lab of Metallization Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China department des sciences de la terre Universite d�Orleans Orleans Cedex 2 45067 France

During the Paleozoic, the Northern Tianshan region of China in Central Asia consists of 7 allochthonous terranes which were situated in the ancient Sino\|Mongolian Ocean as volcanic arcs and splitted continental fragments. The tectonic framework was similar to that of Southwest Pacific today. In the late Paleozoic, these terranes started mutual amalgamation to cause strong thrusting. At the end of Carboniferous, the Sino\|Mongolian ocean including several inter\|terrane small sea basins closed and these terranes accreted on the margins of the Siberian and Tarim continents. The 6 ophiolitic zones among the terranes recorded this collision event.

关键词：古生代岩层天山地区新疆石炭纪碰撞事件

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Toward a unified model of Altaids geodynamics:Insight from the Palaeozoic polycyclic evolution of West Junggar(NW China)

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Science China Earth sciences 2016年第1期59卷 25-57页

作者： Flavien CHOULET Michel FAURE Dominique CLUZEL CHEN Yan LIN Wei WANG Bo XU Bei UMR6249 Chrono-EnvironnementCNRS/Universite de Bourgogne Franche-ComteBesangonFrance UMR 7327 Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'OrleansBRGM/CNRS/Universite d'OrleansOrleansFrance POle Pluridisciplinaire de la Matiere et de l'Environnement Universite de la Nouvelle CaledonieNoumeaFrance Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China department of Earth Science University of NanjingNanjing 210093China Key laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The Altaid tectonic collage extends over Central Asia, exposing numerous accretionary orogens that can account for the Palaeozoic continental crust growth. A pluridisciplinary approach, using geochronological, geochemical, structural and palaeomagnetic tools was carried out to unravel the architecture and the evolution of West Junggar （Northwestern China）, a segment of the Altaid Collage. A polycyclic geodynamic evolution is inferred and includes：（1） an Early Palaeozoic cycle, characterized by the closure of two oceanic basins bounded by island-arc systems; （2） an Early devonian subduction jamming resulting in a minor-scale collision documented by thrusting, syntectonic sedimentation and subsequent crutal thinning associ- ated with alkaline magmatism; （3） a late Palaeozoic cycle, driven by the evolution of two opposite subduction zones devel- oped upon the Early Palaeozoic basement. detailed structural analysis and paleomagnetic data provide constraints for the late evolution of Junggar in the frame of the development of the late Palaeozoic Kazakh orocline, which led to oblique subduction and transpression in the West Junggar accretionary complex. Progressive buckling of the Kazakh orocline further resulted in late Carboniferous to Permian wrench tectonics, and lateral displacement of lithotectonic units. Block rotations that continued after the late Triassic are due to diachronous intraplate reactivation. This scenario mirrors the Palaeozoic geodynamics of the Altaid Collage. Multiple Early Palaeozoic collisions of intra-oceanic arcs and micro continents have contributed to the formarion of the Kazakhstan Microconrinent. Since the late Palaeozoic, subductions formed around this microcontinent and the final oblique closure of oceanic domains resulted in the transcurrent collage of Tarim and Siberia cratons. Palaeozoic strike-slip faults were later reactivated during Mesozoic intracontinental tectonics.

关键词： West Junggar Geodynamics Paleozoic Paleomagnetism Crustal growth

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Carbon isotope excursions and sea-level change:Implications for the Frasnian-Famennian biotic crisis

Carbon isotope excursions and sea-level change:Implications ...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2002学术年会

作者： Maurice E.Tucker Johan Yans Alain Preat department of Geological sciences University of Durham Faculte Polytechnique de Mons departement des sciences de la terre Universite Libre de Bruxelles

New carbon and oxygen isotope data from carbonates spanning the Frasnian-Famennian(F-F) boundary in the Guilin area,South China,show a broad positive dC rise and fall,with sharp,short-lived negative dC events;this pattern is comparable to that in Europe and North *** integration of the isotope stratigraphy with high-resolution sequence stratigraphy corroborates the onset of the positive dC excursion during a third-order sea-level fall in the latest *** can best be explained through increased burial of C during the sea-level fall,brought about by increased organic productivity caused by increased continent-derived nutrient flux to the ocean due to enhanced weathering through the proliferation of land plants in the *** scenario would have resulted n anoxic and eutrophic conditions over epicontinental seas and blooms of cyanobacteria,creating a highly stressful and fragile ecosystem for oligotrophic normal-marine benthic organisms and leading to their massive *** global third-order sea-level fall near the end of the Frasnian may have led to gas hydrate dissociation(giving the negative dC events),and caused wild climatic *** subsequent short-term events of sea-level rise,anoxia and eutrophication in the latest part of the F-F transition would have placed additional environmental stresses on the already-weakened biota,leading to their further demise.

关键词： South China devonian mass extinction δ13C sequence stratigraphy

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Hydrogeochemistry of toxic metals in Au-As-Hg-Tl mineralized area in southwest Guizhou Province, China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 171-172页

作者： Boyle Dan Guha Jayanta Mineral Resources Division Geological Survey of Canada Ottawa K1A OE8 Canada Science de la terre Departement des Sciences Aplliquees Universite du Quebec a Chicoutimi Quebec G7H2B1 Canada

THE environmental geochemistry problems during the processes of mining activities are intensively considered by scientists worldwide, and the hydrogeochemistry presents an important implication of toxic metalcontamination related to mining activities. The hydrogeochemistry due to mining activities and naturalmineralized processes present some differences whose comparison can indicate a good understanding of theinfluence of mining on the environment. This ongoing study aims at the hydrogeochemistry of toxic metals in the Au-As-Hg-Tl metallogenicbelt of Huijiabao anticline in southwest Guizhou, China. The presently-mined lanmuchang mercury-thallium deposit with a Hg-mining history of about 350 years containing one of the world’s highest concentration of thallium and the to-be-mined Yanshang gold deposit enriching high concentration of toxic metals have been chosen to study the hydrogeochemistry of toxic metals. The groundwater samples werecollected from the shallow aquifer in terms of spring, domestic well and karstic cave whereas the surfacewater was only sampled downside the surface drainage leaching the mine waste at lanmuchang. All

关键词： toxic metals hydrogeochemistry Au-As-Hg-TI mineralized area southwest Guizhou Province.

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On a non-autonomous reaction-convection diffusion model to study the bacteria distribution in a river

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2017年第6期10卷 25-49页

作者： Imene Meriem Mostefaoui Ali Moussaoui laboratoire de Mathematiques Image et Applications Universite de La Rochelle Pdle Sciences et Technologies Avenue Michel Crepeau 17000 La Rochelle France laboratoire D'Analyse Non Lineaire et Mathematiques Appliquees Universite de Tlemcen Tlemcen Algeria laboratoire D'Analyse Non Lineaire et Mathematiques Appliquees departement de Mathematique Faculte des Sciences Universite de Tlemcen Tlemcen Algeria

In this paper, we propose a non-autonomous convection-reaction diffusion system （CDI） with a nonlinear reaction source function. This model refers to the quantification and the distribution of antibiotic resistant bacteria （ARB） in a river. The main contributions of this paper are：（i） the determination of the limit set of the system by applying the semigroups theory, it is shown that it is reduced to the solutions of the associated elliptic system （CDI）e, （ii） sufficient conditions for the existence of a positive solution of （CDI）e based on the Leray-Schauder＇s degree theory. Numerical simulations which support our theoretical analysis are also given.

关键词： Reaction-diffusion systems steady states problems degree theory semi-groups.

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Tarkwaian deposits of the Birimian Belt of Houndé: Petrological, Structural and Geochemical Study (Burkina-Faso, West Africa)

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第5期7卷 685-700页

作者： Yao Honoré Koffi Urbain Wenmenga Sagbrou Chérubin Djro department des sciences de la terre Laboratoire de géoressource Université Ouagadougou I Pr. Joseph Ky Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso departement des sciences de la terre et des Ressources Minières (STRM) Laboratoire de la Géologie du Socle et de Métallogénie Université Felix Houphouet Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

The Tarkwaian deposits of the Birimian belt of Houndé are located in the Baoule-Mossi Paleoproterozoic area of the West African Craton. The sedimentary units consist of sandstone heterometric pelitic feldspthic sandstone with locally interbedded breccias, puddings and polygenic conglomerates. Lithic pebbles and macroscopic fragments that are similar to vein type originated quart castings and andesitic-dacitic projections, felsic sub-volcanic rocks evolving from microdioritic to microgranite composition are detected in terrigenous sediments. The volcanic packages form a linear strip composed of basic to intermediate rocks and andesitic to dacitic volcaniclastites. The contacts between these units are not clearly exposed but the different facies between the polygenic conglomerates and sandstones show discordant tectonic contacts with the Tarkwaian and the Birimian. The geochemical nature of these Tarkwaian formations is strongly influenced by the relative decline of the dominant quartz of feldspars and phyllites. The improperly classified and immature feldspathic sandstones show context affinities of island arc probably dictated by Birimian lithic products. Sedimentologically, the cross-bedded stratification and the predominance of sandstone terrigenous lands indicate a deposition in a fluvio-deltaic hydrodynamic setting along intermontane Birimian rift. The similarities between these Tarkwaian formations and the typical Tarkwaian of the Tarkwa basin in Ghana are probably limited to petrographic and not stratigraphic aspects, which lead to likening them to flyscho?d or molassic tardi Birimian deposits.

关键词： Tarkwaian Birimian Sandstone Polygenic Conglomerat Molassic Fluvio-deltaic

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Small scale biodiesel synthesis from waste frying oil and crude methanol in Morocco

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第9期24卷 1178-1185页

作者： Fatiha Ouanji Marouane Nachid Mohamed Kacimi Leonarda F.Liotta Fabtizio Puleo Mahfoud Ziyad Universite Mohammed V Faculte des SciencesDepartement de ChimieLaboratoire de Physico-chimie des Materiaux et Catalyse(URAC26)Avenue lbn BattoutaBP.1014RabatMorocco Hassan 11 Academy of Sdence and Technology RabatMorocco lstituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati(ISMN)-CNR via Ugo La Malfa15390146 PalermoItaly

Biodiesel was produced at small scale by transesterification of used frying oil（UFO） recovered from Moroccan pastry shops and fish frying restaurants. Biodiesel was first synthesised at laboratory scale in order to optimize the transesterification parameters. The cost of the final product was also optimized using low-cost raw *** UFO and the produced biodiesel were characterized with several techniques including gas chromatography,1H NMR,13 C NMR, FTIR, and TGA–TDA techniques.1H NMR gas chromatographic analyses of the final product confirmed that the transesterification in the chosen experimental conditions was completed. These results were confirmed by TGA–TDA analysis used as new techniques to monitoring triglyceride conversion. The biodiesel did not contain any trace of glycerol, and it did meet the international standards. The transesterification at low cost in small scale conditions was performed at 60 ℃ using 1.2% of KOH and a methanol/oil molar ratio of 6：1. A yield of 80.8% was achieved. The properties of the produced biodiesel were found to be as good as those of biodiesels obeying to European standards. The biodiesel production was also performed at small-scale for individual utilisation. Thus, the product was tested in a kerosene stove for heating and non-modified commercial diesel engine producing electricity.

关键词： Biodiesel Transesterification Small-scale Thermogravimetry

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