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How can the forest sector mitigate climate change in a changing climate? Case studies of boreal and northern temperate forests in eastern Canada

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 267-287页

作者： Lucas Moreau Evelyne Thiffault Dominic Cyr Yan Boulanger Robert Beauregard departement des sciences du bois et de la foret Universite LavalQuebecCanada Science and Technology Branch Environment and Climate Change CanadaGatineauCanada laurentian Forestry Centre Natural Resources CanadaQuebecCanada

Background:Forest based climate mitigation emerged as a key component of the Paris Agreement,and thus re-quires robust science to reduce uncertainties related to such *** aim of this study was to assess and compare the cumulative effects on carbon dynamics of forest management and climate change on boreal and northern temperate forest sector in eastern Canada for the 2020–2100 ***:We used the spatially explicit forest landscape model laNDIS-II and its extension Forest Carbon Suc-cession,in conjunction with the Carbon Budget Model for Harvested Wood Products *** simulated the dynamics of forest composition and carbon flows from forest ecosystems to wood products and their substitution effect on markets under increasing climate forcing,according to a tonne-year *** were con-ducted for a series of forest management scenarios based on realistic practices principally by clearcut in the boreal territory and continuous-cover forestry in the northern temperate *** scenarios included:i)a business-as-usual scenario(BaU),representing the current management strategy,ii)increased harvesting by 6.3%to 13.9%,iii)increased conservation(*** harvesting by 11.1%to 49.8%),iiii)and a scenario representing the natural evolution of the forest landscape(*** any management activity).Results:Our study revealed that increasing harvesting levels had contrasting effects on the mitigation potential in northern temperate(enhance net sequestration)and boreal forest sector(enhance net emissions)in comparison to the BaU from 2040 onwards,regardless of the future *** storage in wood products and the substi-tution effect were not sufficient to offset carbon emissions from ***,climate change had a strong impact on the capacity of both landscapes to act as carbon *** temperate landscapes became a net source of carbon over time due to their greater vulnerability to climate change than boreal landsc

关键词： Climate change Carbon Forest sector Forest management Boreal landscapes Northern temperate landscape Mitigation potential

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Paleozoic Accretion-Collision Events and Kinematics of Ductile deformation in the Eastern Part of the Southern-Central Tianshan Belt, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2002年第3期76卷 308-323页

作者：舒良树 J.Charvet 卢华复 S.C.laURENT department of Earth sciences and State Key laboratory of Metallization Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China UMR 6530 CNRS FR009 Departement des Sciences de la Terre Université d'Orléans 45067 Orléans France

The Tianshan range could have been built by both late Early Paleozoicaccretion and late Paleozoic collision events. The late Early Paleozoic Aqqikkudug-Weiya suture ismarked by Ordovician ophiolitic melange and a Silurian flysch sequence, high-pressure metamorphicrelics, and mylonitized rocks. The Central Tianshan belt could principally be an Ordovician volcanicarc; whereas the South Tianshan belt, a back-arc basin. Macro- and microstructures, along withunconformities, provide some kinematic and chronological constraints on 2-phase ductile *** earlier ductile deformation occurring at ca. 400 Ma was marked by north-verging ductileshearing, yielding granulite-bearing ophiolitic melange blocks and garnet-pyroxene-facies ductiledeformation, and the later deformation, a dextral strike-slip tectonic process, occurred during thelate Carboniferous-Early Permian. Early Carboniferous molasses were deposited unconformably onpre-Carboniferous metamorphic and ductilely sheared rocks, implying the end of the early *** large-scale ductile strike-slip along the Aqqikkudug-Weiya zone was possibly caused by thesecond tectonic event, the Hercynian collision between the northern Tarim block and the southernSiberian block. late Paleozoic granitic magmatism and superimposed structures overprinted this EarlyPaleozoic deformation belt. Results of geometric and kinematic studies suggest that the primaryframework of the Southern-Central Tianshan belt, at least the eastern part of the Tianshan belt, wasbuilt by these two phases of accretion events.

关键词： kinematics ductile deformation collision-accretion Paleozoic Southern-Central Tianshan belt

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On a non-autonomous reaction-convection diffusion model to study the bacteria distribution in a river

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2017年第6期10卷 25-49页

作者： Imene Meriem Mostefaoui Ali Moussaoui laboratoire de Mathematiques Image et Applications Universite de La Rochelle Pdle Sciences et Technologies Avenue Michel Crepeau 17000 La Rochelle France laboratoire D'Analyse Non Lineaire et Mathematiques Appliquees Universite de Tlemcen Tlemcen Algeria laboratoire D'Analyse Non Lineaire et Mathematiques Appliquees departement de Mathematique Faculte des Sciences Universite de Tlemcen Tlemcen Algeria

In this paper, we propose a non-autonomous convection-reaction diffusion system （CDI） with a nonlinear reaction source function. This model refers to the quantification and the distribution of antibiotic resistant bacteria （ARB） in a river. The main contributions of this paper are：（i） the determination of the limit set of the system by applying the semigroups theory, it is shown that it is reduced to the solutions of the associated elliptic system （CDI）e, （ii） sufficient conditions for the existence of a positive solution of （CDI）e based on the Leray-Schauder＇s degree theory. Numerical simulations which support our theoretical analysis are also given.

关键词： Reaction-diffusion systems steady states problems degree theory semi-groups.

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Characteristics and potential analysis of Madagascar hydrocarbon-bearing basins

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China Geology 2019年第1期2卷 56-66页

作者： Da-tian Wu Johanne Iomimalala Ramaniraka Feng-ming Xu Jian-bo Shao Yong-heng Zhou Yuan-dong Zhao Bruno Ralison Shenyang Center China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesShenyang 110034China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China departement des sciences de la Terre Faculte des SciencesUniversite d’AntananarivoAntananarivo 101Madagascar

Madagascar becomes a large isolated island after its dislocation from East Africa at its western part during the opening of the Mozambique Channel and its separation from India at its eastern part during the opening of the basin of the Mascarene. From a stratigraphic point of view, Karroo of Madagascar shares substantial similarities with the stratigraphic strata of East *** oil companies have taken a liking to the basins of East Africa, they also turn to the basins in the western part of Madagascar especially after the discovery of large oil fields at Tsimiroro and Bemolanga. According to the study of their geological history, the basins of Madagascar contain huge hydrocarbon potential. The western basins, which is more developed than the east coast of the island, have been the subject of many in-depth studies by numerous researchers. The cross-referencing of bibliographic data with geological studies, and knowledge of hydrocarbon formation and maturation stages, carried out in this study served to determine the nature of source rocks, reservoir rocks, bedrock and eventual trapping system of hydrocarbons in Madagascar. This study identified the properties of Madagascar source rocks, reservoir rocks, bedrock and the final oil and gas trap system by cross-referencing the literature and geological research, oil and gas formation and maturity stages, and shows that Madagascar has considerable hydrocarbon potential.

关键词： Madagascar Hydrocarbon-bearing basins Characteristics of Malagasy basins Potential analysis Geology and stratigraphy

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Small scale biodiesel synthesis from waste frying oil and crude methanol in Morocco

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第9期24卷 1178-1185页

作者： Fatiha Ouanji Marouane Nachid Mohamed Kacimi Leonarda F.Liotta Fabtizio Puleo Mahfoud Ziyad Universite Mohammed V Faculte des SciencesDepartement de ChimieLaboratoire de Physico-chimie des Materiaux et Catalyse(URAC26)Avenue lbn BattoutaBP.1014RabatMorocco Hassan 11 Academy of Sdence and Technology RabatMorocco lstituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati(ISMN)-CNR via Ugo La Malfa15390146 PalermoItaly

Biodiesel was produced at small scale by transesterification of used frying oil（UFO） recovered from Moroccan pastry shops and fish frying restaurants. Biodiesel was first synthesised at laboratory scale in order to optimize the transesterification parameters. The cost of the final product was also optimized using low-cost raw *** UFO and the produced biodiesel were characterized with several techniques including gas chromatography,1H NMR,13 C NMR, FTIR, and TGA–TDA techniques.1H NMR gas chromatographic analyses of the final product confirmed that the transesterification in the chosen experimental conditions was completed. These results were confirmed by TGA–TDA analysis used as new techniques to monitoring triglyceride conversion. The biodiesel did not contain any trace of glycerol, and it did meet the international standards. The transesterification at low cost in small scale conditions was performed at 60 ℃ using 1.2% of KOH and a methanol/oil molar ratio of 6：1. A yield of 80.8% was achieved. The properties of the produced biodiesel were found to be as good as those of biodiesels obeying to European standards. The biodiesel production was also performed at small-scale for individual utilisation. Thus, the product was tested in a kerosene stove for heating and non-modified commercial diesel engine producing electricity.

关键词： Biodiesel Transesterification Small-scale Thermogravimetry

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Geodesic equation in non-commutative gauge theory of gravity

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第10期46卷 193-206页

作者： Abdellah Touati Slimane Zaim laboratoire de Physique des Rayonnements et de leurs Interactions avec la Matiere departement de Physique Faculte des Sciences de la Matiere Universite de Batna-1Batna 05000Algeria departement de Physique Faculte des Sciences de la Matière Universitéde Batna-1Batna 05000Algeria

In this study,we construct a non-commtative gauge theory of the modified structure of the gravitational field using the Seiberg-Witten map and the general tetrad fields of Schwarzschild space-time to show that the noncommutative geometry removes the singularity at the origin of the black hole,thus obtaining a non-singular Schwarzschild black *** geodetic structure of this black hole presents new types of motion next to the event horizon within stable orbits that are not allowed by the ordinary Schwarzschild *** noncommutative periastron advance of the Mercury orbit is obtained,and with the available experimental data,we find a parameter of non-commutativity on the order of 10^(-25)s·kg^(-1).This result shows that the new fundamental length,√h■,is on the order of 10^(-31)m.

关键词： non-commutative geometry gauge gravity Schwarzschild space-time geodesic equation

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Electrodeposition and characterization of ZnO thin films using sodium thiosulfate as an additive for photovoltaic solar cells

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Journal of Semiconductors 2017年第5期38卷 11-17页

作者： Hassiba Rahal Rafiaa Kihal Abed Mohamed Affoune Mokhtar Ghers Faycal Djazi laboratoire d'Analyses Industrielles et Genie des Materiaux Departement de Genie des Procedes Faculte des Sciences et de la Technologie Universit6 8 Mai 1945 Guelma BP 401 Guelma 24000 Algeria Universite 20 Aofit 1955 Skikda BP 26 Route El-Hadaiek 21000 Algeria Universite Abbes laghrour Khenchela BP 1252 Rue de Batna Khenchela 40004 Algeria laboratoire d'Etude des Surfaces et Interfaces de la Matiere Solide LESIMS Departement de Physique Faculte des Sciences Badji Mokhtar Universite-Annaba-Algeria laboratoire de Recherche Physico-Chimique des Surfaces et Interfaces Universite 20 Aofit 1955 Skikda BP 26 Route El- Hadaiek 21000 Algeria

Zinc oxide thin films have been grown by electrodeposition technique onto Cu and ITO-coated glass substrates from an aqueous zinc nitrate solution with addition of sodium thiosulfate at 90 ℃.The effects of sodium thiosulfate on the electrochemical deposition of ZnO were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry *** films were obtained at-0.60 V *** and characterized by XRD,SEM,FTIR,optical,photoelectrochemical and electrical *** of the deposited film was measured to be357 nm.X-ray diffraction results indicated that the synthesized ZnO has a pure hexagonal wurtzite structure with a marked preferential orientation along（002） *** results confirmed the presence of ZnO films at peak558 cm^-*** images showed uniform,compact morphology without any cracks and films composed of large flower-like ZnO agglomerates with *** properties of ZnO reveal a high optical transmission（〉80%）and high absorption coefficient（α 〉 10^5 cm^-1） in visible *** optical energy band gap was found to be 3.28 *** measurements indicated that the ZnO films had n-type semiconductor *** properties of ZnO films showed a low electrical resistivity of 6.54 Ω·cm,carrier concentration of-1.3× 10^17cm^-3 and mobility of 7.35 cm^2V^-1s^-1.

关键词： electrodeposition zinc oxide thin films semiconductor cyclic voltammetry Hall effect measurements

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Diabetes Complications and Associated Factors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Cotonou

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2014年第4期4卷 311-315页

作者： Francois Djrolo Noel MParaiso Oumou Diarra Michel Makoutode departement de Medecine Interne Facultedes Sciences de la SanteUnited’Endocrinologie et Maladies MetaboliquesCotonouBenin Institut Regional de santepublique OuidahBenin

Long-term complications are the main sources of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Aims: The aims of the study were to determine the rate of long-term complications in type 2 diabetic patients and to identify factors associated to these complications. Patients and method: Successive type 2 diabetic patients attending the diabetic center were submitted to a questionnaire and to clinical examination. Data were completed by consulting their medical reports. Chi square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: In 150 diabetic patients included in the study, the global rate of complications was 78.0%. Specific rate for itch complication investigated was 57.7% for peripheral neuropathy, 75.0% for erectile dysfunction, 20.0% for nephropathy, 36.6% for retinopathy, 40% for macroangiopathy and 8.0% for foot ulcer. Factors significantly associated with high rate of complications were age above or equal to 50 years (p = 0.001), the male gender (p = 0.000), high blood pressure (p = 0.0001), the absence of familial history of diabetes (p = 0.02), the duration of the disease above 5 years (p = 0.001) and high HbA1c level (p = 0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed that type 2 diabetic patients followed up in the diabetic center in Cotonou showed a high rate of chronic complications which often occurred in a younger age than in developed countries. Numerous socio-demographic and biological factors were significantly associated with the high rate of complications.

关键词： Diabetes Complications Associated Factors

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GPS Water Vapor and Its Comparison with Radiosonde and ERA-Interim Data in Algeria

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2017年第5期34卷 623-634页

作者： Houaria NAMAOUI Salem KAHLOUCHE Ahmed Hafid BELBACHIR Roeland Van MALdeREN Hugues BRENOT Eric POTTIAUX Faculte de Physique Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran Mohamed Boudiaf USTO-MB BP 1505 El M'naouer 31000 Oran Algerie departement de Geodesie Spatiale Centre des Techniques Spatiales 31200 Arzew Algerie Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium 1180 Uccle Belgium Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy 1180 Uccle Belgium Royal Observatory of Belgium 1180 Uccle Belgium

Remote sensing of atmospheric water vapor using global positioning system（GPS） data has become an effective tool in meteorology,weather forecasting and climate research. This paper presents the estimation of precipitable water（PW）from GPS observations and meteorological data in Algeria,over three stations located at Algiers,Bechar and *** objective of this study is to analyze the sensitivity of the GPS PW estimates for the three sites to the weighted mean temperature（T;）,obtained separately from two types of T;–T;regression [one general,and one developed specifically for Algeria（T;stands for surface temperature）],and calculated directly from ERA-Interim data. The results show that the differences in T;are of the order of 18 K,producing differences of 2.01 mm in the final evaluation of PW. A good agreement is found between GPS-PW and PW calculated from radiosondes,with a small mean difference with Vaisala radiosondes.A comparison between GPS and ERA-Interim shows a large difference（4 mm） in the highlands region. This difference is possibly due to the topography. These first results are encouraging,in particular for meteorological applications in this region,with good hope to extend our dataset analysis to a more complete,nationwide coverage over Algeria.

关键词： GPS atmospheric water vapor radiosonde ERA-Interim

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Structural, electronic, elastic, and thermal properties of CaNiH3 perovskite obtained from first-principles calculations

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第3期27卷 384-390页

作者： S Benlamari H Bendjeddou R Boulechfar SAmara Korba H Meradji R Ahmed S Ghemid R Khenata S Bin Omran laboratoire LPR Departement de Physique Faculté des Sciences Université Badji Mokhtar Annaba Algeria department of Physics Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM Skudai 81310 Johor Malaysia laboratoire de Physique Quantique et de Modelisation Mathematique de la Matiere (LPQ3M) Universite de Mascara-29000-Algeria department of Physics and Astronomy College of Science King Sand University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia

A theoretical study of the structural, elastic, electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties of the perovskite-type hydride CaNiH3 is presented. This study is carded out via first-principles full potential （FP） linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbital （laPW＋lo） method designed within the density functional theory （DFT）. To treat the exchange-correlation energy/potential for the total energy calculations, the local density approximation （LDA） of Perdew-Wang （PW） and the generalized gradient approximation （GGA） of Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof （PBE） are used. The three independent elastic constants （C11, C12, and C44） are calculated from the direct computation of the stresses generated by small strains. Besides, we report the variation of the elastic constants as a function of pressure as well. From the calculated elastic constants, the mechanical character of CaNiH3 is predicted. Pertaining to the thermal properties, the debye temperature is estimated from the average sound velocity. To further comprehend this compound, the quasi-harmonic debye model is used to analyze the thermal properties. From the calculations, we find that the obtained results of the lattice constant （ao）, bulk modulus （Bo）, and its pressure derivative （B0′） are in good agreement with the available theoretical as well as experimental results. Similarly, the obtained electronic band structure demonstrates the metallic character of this perovskite-type hydride.

关键词： perovskite-type hydrides elastic constants hydrogen storage materials

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