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Evaluation of a Rapid Diagnostic Test, Boson Biotech SARS CoV-2 Ag, for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Gabon

Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 469-477页

作者： Samira Zoa Assoumou Ulrich Leger Davy Mouangala Ludovic Mewono Davy-Christ Angoune Ndong Guy Paterne Malonga Mbembo Nely Meungang Alain Moutsinga Elvyre Anita Mbongo Kama Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema Dpartement de Bactriologie-Virologie Universit des Sciences de la Sant Libreville Gabon Laboratoire Professeur Daniel Gahouma Libreville Gabon departement des Sciences de la vie et de la Terre Ecole Normale Suprieure Libreville Gabon Centre de sant de Glass Libreville Gabon Laboratoire National de Sant Publique Libreville Gabon Dpartement de biologie et Ecologie animale Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Libreville Gabon Laboratoire decologie des Maladies Transmissibles (LEMAT) Universit Libreville Nord (ULN) Libreville Gabon

1) Background: Rapid and acurate diagnostic testing for case identification, quarantine, and contact tracing is essential for managing the COVID 19 pandemic. Rapid antigen detection tests are available, however, it is important to evaluate their performances before use. We tested a rapid antigen detection of SARS-CoV-2, based on the immunochromatography (Boson Biotech SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test (Xiamen Boson Biotech Co., Ltd., China)) and the results were compared with the real time reverse transcriptase-Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (Gold standard) results;2) Methods: From November 2021 to december 2021, samples were collected from symptomatic patients and asymptomatic individuals referred for testing in a hospital during the second pandemic wave in Gabon. All these participants attending “CTA Angondjé”, a field hospital set up as part of the management of COVID-19 in Gabon. Two nasopharyngeal swabs were collected in all the patients, one for Ag test and the other for RT-PCR;3) Results: A total of 300 samples were collected from 189 symptomatic and 111 asymptomatic individuals. The sensitivity and specificity of the antigen test were 82.5% [95%CI 73.8 - 89.3] and 97.9 % [95%CI 92.2 - 98.2] respectively, and the diagnostic accuracy was 84.4% (95% CI: 79.8 - 88.3%). The antigen test was more likely to be positive for samples with RT-PCR Ct values ≤ 32, with a sensitivity of 89.8%;4) Conclusions: The Boson Biotech SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test has good sensitivity and can detect SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially among symptomatic individuals with low viral load. This test could be incorporated into efficient testing algorithms as an alternative to PCR to decrease diagnostic delays and curb viral transmission.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Diagnostic Test Evaluation COVID-19 Antigen Performance

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Efficient visual learning by bumble bees in virtual-reality conditions:Size does not matter

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Insect Science 2023年第6期30卷 1734-1748页

作者： Gregory Lafon Marco Paoli Benjamin HPaffhausen Gabriela de Brito Sanchez Mathieu Lihoreau Aurore Avarguès-Weber Martin Giurfa Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition animale Centre de Biologie Intégrative(CBI)University of ToulouseCNRSUPSToulouseFrance French Academy of Sciences for University Professors Institut Universitaire de France(IUF)ParisFrance

Recent developments allowed establishing virtual-reality (VR) setups to study multiple aspects of visual learning in honey bees under controlled experimental conditions. Here, we adopted a VR environment to investigate the visual learning in the buff-tailed bumble bee Bombus terrestris. Based on responses to appetitive and aversive reinforcements used for conditioning, we show that bumble bees had the proper appetitive motivation to engage in the VR experiments and that they learned efficiently elemental color discriminations. In doing so, they reduced the latency to make a choice, increased the proportion of direct paths toward the virtual stimuli and walked faster toward them. Performance in a short-term retention test showed that bumble bees chose and fixated longer on the correct stimulus in the absence of reinforcement. Body size and weight, although variable across individuals, did not affect cognitive performances and had a mild impact on motor performances. Overall, we show that bumble bees are suitable experimental subjects for experiments on visual learning under VR conditions, which opens important perspectives for invasive studies on the neural and molecular bases of such learning given the robustness of these insects and the accessibility of their brain.

关键词： Bombus terrestris bumble bees interindividual size/weight differences reinforcement responses visual learning virtual reality

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Early social context does not influence behavioral variation at adulthood in ants

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 335-344页

作者： Iago SANMARTÍN-VILLAR Raphaël JEANSON Centre de Recherches Sur la Cognition animale Centre de Biologie IntégrativeUniversitéde ToulouseCNRSUPSToulouseFrance Universidade de Vigo ECOEVO LabEscola de Enxeñaría ForestalCampus A XunqueiraPontevedraSpain

Early experience can prepare offspring to adapt their behaviors to the environment they are likely to encounter later in life. In several species of ants, colonies show ontogenic changes in the brood-to-worker ratio that are known to have an impact on worker morphology. However, little information is available on the influence of fluctuations in the early social context on the expression of behavior in adulthood. Using the ant Lasius niger, we tested whether the brood-to-worker ratio during larval stages influenced the level of behavioral variability at adult stages. We raised batches of 20 or 180 larvae in the presence of 60 workers until adulthood. We then quantified the activity level and wall-following tendency of callow workers on 10 successive trials to test the prediction that larvae reared under a high brood-to-worker ratio should show greater behavioral variations. We found that manipulation of the brood-to-worker ratio influenced the duration of development and the size of individuals at emergence. We detected no influence of early social context on the level of between- or within-individual variation measured for individual activity level or on wall-following behavior. Our study suggests that behavioral traits may be more canalized than morphological traits.

关键词： brood care canalization locomotion metamorphosis ontogeny variability

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Mortalin/Hspa9 involvement and therapeutic perspective in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 293-298页

作者： Baptiste Texier Morgane Prime Djamaa Atamena Pascale Belenguer Marion Szelechowski Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases(INFINITY) UniversitéToulouseCNRSInsermUPSToulouseFrance Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition animale(CRCA) Centre de Biologie Intégrative(CBI)Universitéde ToulouseCNRSUPSToulouseFrance

By controlling the proper folding of proteins imported into mitochondria and ensuring crosstalk between the reticulum and mitochondria to modulate intra cellular calcium fluxes.Mortalin is a chaperone protein that plays crucial roles in neuronal homeostasis and activity.Howeve r,its expression and stability are strongly modified in response to cellular stresses,in particular upon alte red oxidative conditions during neurodegeneration.Here,we report and discuss the abundant literature that has highlighted its contribution to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease,as well as its therapeutic and prognostic potential in this still incurable pathology.

关键词： chaperone Hspa9 mitochondria Mortalin neurodegeneration oxidative stress Parkinson's disease prognostic and therapeutic potential

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Prevalence of diarrhoea and risk factors among children under five years old in Mbour,Senegal:a cross-sectional study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 976-987页

作者： Sokhna Thiam Aminata N.Diene Samuel Fuhrimann Mirko S.Winkler Ibrahima Sy Jacques A.Ndione Christian Schindler Penelope Vounatsou Jurg Utzinger Ousmane Faye Gueladio Cisse Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute P.O.BoxCH-4002 BaselSwitzerland University of Basel P.O.BoxCH-4003 BaselSwitzerland departement de Geographie UniversiteCheikh Anta Diop de DakarBP 5005 DakarSenegal Centre de Suivi Ecologique BP 15532 Dakar-FannSenegal departement de biologie animale UniversiteCheikh Anta Diop de DakarBP 5005 DakarSenegal

Background:Diarrhoeal diseases remain an important cause of mortality and morbidity among children,particularly in low-and middle-income countries.In Senegal,diarrhoea is responsible for 15%of all deaths in children under the age of five and is the third leading cause of childhood deaths.For targeted planning and implementation of prevention strategies,a context-specific understanding of the determinants of diarrhoeal diseases is needed.The aim of this study was to identify risk factors of diarrhoeal diseases in children under the age of five in Mbour,Senegal.Methods:Between February and March 2014,a cross-sectional survey was conducted in four zones of Mbour to estimate the burden of diarrhoeal diseases(i.***.diarrhoea episodes in the 2 weeks preceding the survey)and associated risk factors.The zones covered urban central,peri-central,north peripheral and south peripheral areas.Overall,596 households were surveyed by a questionnaire,yielding information on sociodemographic,environmental and hygiene behavioural factors.Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of diarrhoea.Results:The reported prevalence of diarrhoea among children under the age of five during the 2 weeks preceding the survey was 26%.Without adjustment,the highest diarrhoea prevalence rates were observed in the peri-central(44.8%)and urban central zones(36.3%).Multivariable regression revealed significant associations between diarrhoeal diseases and unemployment of mothers(adjusted odds ratio[aOR]=1.62,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.18-2.23),use of open bags for storing household waste(aOR=1.75,95%CI:1.00-3.02),evacuation of household waste in public streets(aOR=2.07,95%CI:1.20-3.55),no treatment of stored drinking water(aOR=1.69,95%CI:1.11-2.56)and use of shared toilets(aOR=1.69,95%CI:1.11-2.56).Conclusion:We found a high prevalence of diarrhoea in children under the age of five in Mbour,with the highest prevalence occurring in the central and peri-central areas.These

关键词： Children under five year-old Cross-sectional survey Diarrhoea Multivariable logistic regression Risk factor Senegal

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Evaluation of androgenic activity of Zingiber officinale and Pentadiplandra brazzeana in male rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2002年第4期4卷 299-301页

作者： PierreKamtchouing GisèleYolandeMbongueFandio ThéophileDimo Hermine Boukeng Jatsa Laboratoire de Physiologie animale Faculté des Sciences Université de Yaoundé I B.P.812 Yaoundé CamerounLaboratoire de Physiologie Animale Faculté des Sciences Université de Yaoundé I B.P.812 Yaoundé CamerounLaboratoire de Physiologie Animale Faculté des Sciences Université de Yaoundé I B.P.812 Yaoundé CamerounDépartement de Biologie et de Physiologie Animales Faculté des Sciences Université de Douala B.P. 24157 Douala Cameroun

Aim: Aqueous extracts of Zingiber officinale and Pentadiplandra brazzeana were tested for their possible androgenic activity in male Wistar rats. Methods: The aqueous extracts of the two plants were gavaged separately to 2 groups of rats at a similar dose of 600 mg.kg^1.day-1 for 8 days. At the end of the treatment, the animals were killed and the blood, testis, epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate were collected for biochemical analysis. Results: The aqueous extract of Z. officinale significantly increased in the relative weight of the testis, the serum testosterone level, testicular cholesterol level and epididymal α-glucosidase activity. The aqueous extract of P. brazzeana significantly increased the weights of the testis, seminal vesicles and prostate. It also significantly increased the serum and testicular testosterone level. The fructose, α-glucosidase and cholesterol levels in P. brazzeanatreated rats were increased by 28%, 35% and 114%, respectively. Conclusion: The aqueous extracts of both P. brazzeana and Z. officinale have an androgenic activity, which seems to be more potent with P. brazzeana than with Z. officinale. (Asian J Androl 2002 dec; 4: 299-301)

关键词： P. brazzeana Z. officinale testosterone androgenic activity

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Performance of Two Food Substrates in the Mass Rearing of Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae)

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Advances in Entomology 2023年第3期11卷 188-203页

作者： Karim Nébié Ilboudo Zakaria Pagabeleguem Soumaila Zaoua Hamoumapi delphine Dabiré Rémy Centre National de Spécialisation en Fruits et Légumes Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Département de biologie animale et Physiologie animale Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences de l’Environnement et du Développement Durable Université de Dédougou Dédougou Burkina Faso

The fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel is a major constraint to mango production in Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of two types of food substrates in optimizing the mass rearing of B. dorsalis larvae. For this purpose, 200 eggs of B. dorsalis were divided into four batches of 50 eggs and incubated in Petri dishes containing the different food substrates (Diet 1 and Diet 2). This method was used to evaluate the rate and duration of egg hatching, as well as the development time of the different larval stages. In addition, 1200 pupae divided into four batches of 300 pupae, contained in PVC tubes, were placed inside the rearing cages to monitor the emergence of B. dorsalis. Ten pairs of B. dorsalis were placed in rearing cages and fed with Enzymatic Yeast Hydrolysate and sugar to evaluate the fecundity of female flies and the survival of both sexes. The developmental cycle length in Diet 1 and Diet 2 was 23.03 days and 23.24 days, respectively. Fecundity duration ranged from 57.75 ± 2.29 to 109.81 ± 3.81 days for females from Diet 1 and Diet 2, respectively. The pupal hatching rate varied significantly (P B. dorsalis, but the spawning index was 4 times higher with Diet 1. Most of the components of Diet 1 are available on the local market and are cheaper. Thus, we recommend the use of Diet 1 for B. dorsalis larvae mass rearing.

关键词： Fruit Fly Diachasmimorpha longicaudata Biology Food Substrates Mass Rearing

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Effects of a sex ratio gradient on female mate-copying and choosiness in Drosophila melanogaster

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Current Zoology 2018年第2期64卷 251-258页

作者： Magdalena MONIER Sabine NOBEL Guillaume ISABEL Etienne DANCHIN UMR-5174 Laboratoire Evolution & Diversite Biologique (EDB) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) Universite de Toulouse 118 route de NarbonneF-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition animale (CRCA) Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Universite de Toulouse 118 route de Narbonne F-31082 Toulouse Cedex 9 France

In many sexually reproducing species, individuals can gather information about potential mates by observing their mating success. This behavioral pattern, that we call mate-copying, was reported in the fruit fly where females choosing between 2 males of contrasting phenotypes can build a preference for males of the phenotype they previously saw being chosen by a demonstrator female. As sex ratio is known to affect mate choice, our goal was to test whether mate-copying is also affected by encountered sex ratios. Thus, we created a gradient of sex ratio during demonstrations of mate-copying experiments by changing the number of females observing from a central arena 6 simultaneous demonstrations unfolding in 6 peripheral compartments of a hexagonal device. We also tested whether the sex ratio experienced by females during demonstrations affected their choosiness (male courtship duration and double courtship rate) in subsequent mate-choice tests. Experimental male:female sex ratio during demonstrations did not affect mate-copying indices, but positively affected the proportion of both males courting the female during mate-choice tests, as well as male courtship duration, the latter potentially explaining the former relationship. As expected, the sex ratio affected female choosiness positively, and females seem to have evolved a mate-copying ability independently of sex ratio, and a capacity to adapt their choosiness to male availability. This suggests that, as in many animal species, individuals, especially females, can adapt their mate choice depending on the current sex ratio.

关键词：配偶选择比率女性拷贝果蝇坡度个性持续时间

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Dynamics of freshwater snails and Schistosoma infection prevalence in schoolchildren during the construction and operation of a multipurpose dam in central Côte d’Ivoire

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 810-818页

作者： Nana R.Diakite Mirko S.Winkler Jean T.Coulibaly Negnorogo Guindo-Coulibaly Jürg Utzinger Eliezer K.N’Goran Laboratoire de Zoologie et biologie animale Unitede Formation et de Recherche BiosciencesUniversite Felix Houphouët-Boigny22 BP 522Abidjan 22Cote d’Ivoire Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute P.O.BoxCH-4002BaselSwitzerland University of Basel P.O.BoxCH-4003BaselSwitzerland departement Environnement et Sante Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d’Ivoire01 BP 1303Abidjan 01Cote d’Ivoire

Background:The construction and operation of small multipurpose dams in Africa have a history of altering the transmission of water-based diseases,including schistosomiasis.The current study was designed to investigate the abundance and dynamics of schistosomiasis intermediate host snails and Schistosoma infections in humans during the construction and the first years of operation of a small multipurpose dam in Côte d’Ivoire.Methods:The study was carried out in Raffierkro and four neighbouring villages in central Côte d’Ivoire between 2007 and 2012.Snails were collected by two experienced investigators using scoops and forceps for 15 min at each site.Snails were identified at genera and,whenever possible,species level,and subjected to testing for cercarial shedding.Schoolchildren aged 6-15 years were examined once every year for Schistosoma haematobium and S.mansoni infection,using urine filtration and duplication Kato-Katz thick smears,respectively.Additionally,551 adults were examined for Schistosoma infection before(June 2007)and 359 individuals 2 years after dam construction(June 2009).Results:Overall,1700 snails belonging to nine different genera were collected from 19 sampling sites.Bulinus(potential intermediate host snails of S.haematobium)and Pila were the most common genera,whereas Biomphalaria(potential intermediate host snail of S.mansoni),Lymnaea,Physa and Melanoides were found in two villages.During the first-year sampling period,65 snails were collected,of which 13(20%)were schistosomiasis intermediate hosts.In subsequent years,out of 1635 snails collected,1079(66%)were identified as potential intermediate host for schistosomiasis,but none were shedding cercariae.The prevalence of S.mansoni among adults in the study area was low(0.4%in 2007 and 0.3%in 2009),whereas the prevalence of S.haematobium declined from 13.9%to 2.9%in this two-year period.Conclusions:The low prevalence of schistosomiasis in humans and the absence of infected intermediate host snails during the construction and early phase of

关键词： Schistosomiasis Intermediate host snail Transmission Water resources development and management Multipurpose dam Cote d’Ivoire

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Endothelin increases the proliferation of rat olfactory mucosa cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 352-360页

作者： Bertrand Bryche Audrey Saint-Albin Claire Le Poupon Schlegel Christine Baly Patrice Congar Nicolas Meunier Neurobiologie de l'olfaction Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA)Université Paris-SaclayJouy-en-JosasFrance Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines Département de BiologieVersaillesFrance

The olfactory mucosa holds olfactory sensory neurons directly in contact with an aggressive environment. In order to maintain its integrity, it is one of the few neural zones which are continuously renewed during the whole animal life. Among several factors regulating this renewal, endothelin acts as an anti-apoptotic factor in the rat olfactory epithelium. In the present study, we explored whether endothelin could also act as a proliferative factor. Using primary culture of the olfactory mucosa, we found that an early treatment with endothelin increased its growth. Consistently, a treatment with a mixture of BQ123 and BQ788(endothelin receptor antagonists) decreased the primary culture growth without affecting the cellular death level. We then used combined approaches of calcium imaging, reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and protein level measurements to show that endothelin was locally synthetized by the primary culture until it reached confluency. Furthermore, in vivo intranasal instillation of endothelin receptor antagonists led to a decrease of olfactory mucosa cell expressing proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), a marker of proliferation. Only short-term treatment reduced the PCNA level in the olfactory mucosa cells. When the treatment was prolonged, the PCNA level was not statistically affected but the expression level of endothelin was increased. Overall, our results show that endothelin plays a proliferative role in the olfactory mucosa and that its level is dynamically regulated. This study was approved by the Comité d’éthique en expérimentation animale COMETHEA(COMETHEA C2 EA-45;protocol approval #12-058) on November 28, 2012.

关键词： autocrine factor cell culture cellular dynamics endothelin olfaction olfactory basal cells olfactory epithelium olfactory mucosa primary culture

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