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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 449-462,I0027-I0030页

作者： Anuradha KUMARI Wusirika RAMAKRISHNA Department of biochemistry Central University of PunjabPunjab 151401India

Tissue culture techniques were used to produce large amounts of bioactive compounds with medicinal potential, overcoming space and time constraints for cancer prevention. Rice callus suspension cultures(RCSC) and seed extracts prepared from aromatic rice varieties were used to evaluate the cytotoxic impact on human colon and lung cancer cell lines, as well as a normal control cell line, using Taxol as a positive control. RCSC and seed extracts from two Indian aromatic rice varieties were applied at different concentrations to treat the cancer cell lines and normal lung fibroblasts over varying time intervals. Apoptosis was assessed in 1:5 dilutions of the A549 and HT-29 cell lines treated with RCSC for 72 h, using propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. RCSC showed a more potent cytotoxic effect than seed extracts with minimal effect on the normal cell line, in contrast to Taxol. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry further confirmed the apoptotic effect of RCSC. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolic profiling identified metabolites involved in cytotoxicity and highlighted altered pathways. RCSC is proposed as an alternative source for the development of novel anticancer drugs with reduced side effects.

关键词： anticancer cytotoxicity metabolite profiling plant tissue culture rice callus suspension culture secondary metabolite

Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 50-51页

作者： Roger Castells-Graells Todd O.Yeates Department of Chemistry and biochemistry University of California UCLA-DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics

Proteins are exceedingly complex molecules though, at their heart, they are essentially linear polymers. Pull at their ends and one obtains an extended backbone. While that is true in most cases, some natural proteins... 详细信息

关键词： DESIGN

Physical exercise and traumatic brain injury: is it question of time?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 475-476页

作者： Valentina Mastrorilli Stefano Farioli Vecchioli Institute of biochemistry and Cell Biology Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyNational Research Council(IBBC/CNR)MonterotondoRomeItaly Plaisant S.R.L. RomeItaly

Is it better to be safe than sorry?This Hamletic dilemma has always stimulated medical-scientific debates in numerous fields of *** among these,the preventive-therapeutic approach to the treatment of brain trauma is one of the most striking *** brain injury(TBI)is a leading cause of brain damage among young and elderly populations with a very high hospitalization and death *** is characterized by two pathologically distinct but strictly consequential phases:a first characterized by an immediate and highly variable mechanical dysfunction of the brain tissue,which involves widespread cell death and tissue degeneration,followed by a second phase which can last from days to even years depending on the severity of the TBI and the patient’s pre-existing health *** processes,including inflammatory phenomena,oxidative stress associated with metabolic,vascular,and neuro-modulatory deficits,are very often responsible for neuro-motor and psychological deficits leading to long-term disabilities(Kaur and Sharma,2018).

关键词： injury striking modulator

OsPDR20 is an ABCG metal transporter regulating cadmium accumulation in rice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 21-34页

作者： He Li Chao Li Di Sun Zhi Min Yang Department of biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Cadmium(Cd)is a non-essential toxic heavy metal,seriously posing high environmental risks to human *** genetic resources relevant to functional genes is important for understanding the metal absorption and accumulation in crops and bioremediation of Cd-polluted *** study investigated a functionally uncharacterized ATP binding cassette transporter G family(ABCG)gene encoding a Pleiotropic Drug Resistance 20(PDR20)type metal transporter which is localized to the plasma membrane of ***20 was transcriptionally expressed in almost all tissues and organs in lifespan and was strongly induced in roots and shoots of young rice under Cd *** expression of OsPDR20 in a yeast mutant ycf1 sensitive to Cd conferred cellular tolerance with less Cd *** of OsPDR20 by RNA interference(RNAi)moderately attenuated root/shoot elongation and biomass,with reduced chlorophylls in rice grown under hydroponic medium with 2 and 10μmol/L Cd,but led to more Cd accumulation.A field trial of rice grown in a realistic Cd-contaminated soil(0.40 mg/kg)showed that RNAi plants growth and development were also compromised compared to wild-type(WT),with smaller panicles and lower spikelet fertility but little effect on yield of ***,OsPDR20 suppression resulted in unexpectedly higher levels of Cd accumulation in rice straw including lower leaves and culm and *** results suggest that OsPDR20 is actively involved in Cd accumulation and homeostasis in rice *** increased Cd accumulation in the RNAi plants has the potential application in phytoremediation of Cd-polluted wetland soils.

关键词： Rice ABCG transporter Cadmium accumulation Phytoremediation

Modulatory role of plant-derived metabolites on host-microbiota interactions:personalized therapeutics outlook

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BIOCELL 2024年第8期48卷 1127-1143页

作者： POOJA YADAV NAR SINGH CHAUHAN Department of biochemistry Maharshi Dayanand University RohtakRohtakHaryanaIndia

A diverse array of microbes in and on the human body constitute the *** micro-residents continuously interact with the human host through the language of metabolites to dictate the host’s physiology in health and *** biotic and abiotic component ensuring a balanced host-microbiota interaction are potential microbiome therapeutic agents to overcome human *** metabolites are continually being used to treat various *** metabolites target the host’s metabolic machinery and host-gut microbiota interactions to overcome human *** the paramount therapeutic significance of the factors affecting host-microbiota interactions,a comprehensive overview of the modulatory role of plant-derived metabolites in host-microbiota interactions is *** current review puts an effort into comprehending the role of medicinal plants in gut microbiota modulation to mitigate various human *** would develop a holistic understanding of hostmicrobiota interactions and the role of effectors in health and diseases.

关键词： Microbiome therapeutics Human gut microbiota Host-microbiota interactions Personalized therapeutics Plant metabolites Human health and diseases

Development and maintenance of the ligular region of maize leaves

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1175-1177页

作者： Josh Strable Alejandro Aragon-Raygoza Department of Molecular and Structural biochemistry North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA

Roughly 1.2 billion tons of grain produced from maize(Zea mays)hybrids were harvested worldwide in 2022 on more than 200 million hectares(Food and Agricultural Organization statistics).Hybrid maize adapted to increased planting density,largely attributed to the upright angle of leaf blades,is a key factor for driving high grain yields over the last 50 years(Duvick et al.,2004).Leaf angle(LA)is a major breeding target for crop productivity due to its effects on canopy architecture,which impacts the amount of light intercepted by the leaf blade(Cao et al.,2022).

关键词： breeding planting maize

Distant cousins come to ABP1’s rescue

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 219-220页

作者： Andre Kuhn Dolf Weijers Laboratory of biochemistry Wageningen UniversityStippeneng 46708WE Wageningenthe Netherlands

There are few plant processes that are not in one way or another influenced by the auxin signaling *** many roles auxin plays in plants have inspired a range of investigations towards understanding its mechanisms of *** recent years and decades,genetic analysis in the flowering plant Arabidopsis has been immensely successful in bringing a nuclear response mechanism to light(reviewed in Weijers and Wagner,2016).This system,the nuclear auxin pathway(NAP),acts by regulating gene expression,and when its components are mutated,growth and development is strongly disturbed(Weijers and Wagner,2016).

关键词： bringing disturbed Arabidopsis

Self-assembly of tau fragments as a key pathologic event in tauopathies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2565-2566页

作者： Ly Thi Huong Luu Le Jung Hoon Lee Min Jae Lee Department of biochemistry and Molecular Biology Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Tau protein is encoded by the microtubuleassociated protein tau(MAPT)gene and stabilizes microtubules in the *** has unique biophysical properties that make it both highly water-soluble and positively *** tau is an intrinsically disordered protein lacking defined secondary structures,it can acquire highly organized-sheet structures and stack into a filamentous inclusion such as a paired helical filament(PHF).

关键词： tau pathologic assembly

Highly toxic Aβ begets more Aβ

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1871-1872页

作者： Merc M.Kemeh Noel D.Lazo Gustaf H.Carlson School of Chemistry and biochemistry Clark UniversityWorcesterMAUSA

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia-the 7th leading cause of death *** the tissue level,AD is characterized by the presence of extracellular amyloid plaques that are comprised primarily of the amyloid-βpeptide(Aβ),and by intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles composed of *** genetics of early-onset AD and longitudinal brain-imaging studies of late-onset AD indicate that extracellular Aβdeposition,in general,precedes neurofibrillary tangle formation in neurons(Hampel et al.,2021;Young-Pearse et al.,2023).

关键词： Aβ tau Alzheimer death

Design,Synthesis,and Applications of Mesoporous Covalent Organic Frameworks

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 57-68页

作者： Niyati Arora Cassandra Flores Milinda C.Senarathna Christina M.Thompson Ronald A.Smaldone Department of Chemistry and biochemistry University of TexasDallasRichardsonTexas 75080

Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are highly ordered and permanently porous organic polymers that can be classified as two-dimensional or *** tunable design and crystalline order endow a range of pore sizes,shapes,functions,and applications that differentiate them from other *** COF pore sizes and shapes rely on the geometry of the monomers and dynamic covalent chemistry,while the stacking of the sheets relies on noncovalent *** tunability allows for post-modification or the incorporation of additional functional groups for the reinforcement by various noncovalent *** limits of mesoporous COFs are still being investigated,with the design rules continuing to *** we report a comprehensive review of mesoporous COFs,explore strategies for large pore reinforcement,highlight structural design and features,elucidate their various functions and applications,discuss fundamental challenges faced that need to be addressed,and predict future directions.

关键词： covalent organic frameworks mesoporous supramolecular chemistry polymers pore size