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Analysing changes in spatial point patterns:A proposal using data from a forest thinning experiment

Forest Ecosystems 2022年第6期9卷 878-887页

作者： Christian Salas-Eljatib Joaquín Riquelme-Alarcon Pablo J.Donoso Diego Ponce Daniel P.Soto Centro de Modelacion y Monitoreo de Ecosistemas Escuela de Ingeniería ForestalUniversidad MayorSantiagoChile Vicerrectoría de Investigacion y Postgrado Universidad de La FronteraTemucoChile Departamento de Silvicultura y Conservacion de la Naturaleza Universidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Bosques y Sociedad Universidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile Corporacion Nacional Forestal ValdiviaChile departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Tecnología Universidad de AysenCoyhaiqueChile

Spatial patterns reveal critical features at the individual and community levels.However,how to evaluate changes in spatial characteristics remains largely unexplored.We assess spatial changes in spatial point patterns by augmenting current statistical functions and indices.We fitted functions to describe unmarked and marked(tree size)spatial patterns using data from a large-scale silvicultural experiment in southern Chile.Furthermore,we compute the mingling index to represent spatial tree diversity.We proffer the pair correlation function difference before and after treatment to detect changes in the unmarked-point pattern of trees and the semivariogram-ratio to evaluate changes in the marked-point pattern.Our research provides a quantitative assessment of a critical aspect of forest heterogeneity:changes in spatial unmarked and marked-point patterns.The proposed approach can be a powerful tool for quantifying the impacts of disturbances and silvicultural treatments on spatial patterns in forest ecosystems.

关键词： Spatial diversity Marked-point process Spatial heterogeneity Conspecific Variable-density thinning Nothofagus

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Suitable conditions for natural regeneration in variable retention harvesting of southern Patagonian Nothofagus pumilio forests

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 240-251页

作者： Mónica D.R.Toro Manríquez Juan M.Cellini María V.Lencinas Pablo L.Peri Karen A.Peña Rojas Guillermo J.Martínez Pastur Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas(CADIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)Houssay 200(9410)UshuaiaTierra del FuegoArgentina laboratorio de Investigaciones en Maderas(LIMAD) Universidad Nacional de la Plata(UNLP)Diagonal 113 n°469(1904)La PlataBuenos AiresArgentina Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria(INTA) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral(UNPA)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)cc 332(9400)Río GallegosSanta CruzArgentina departamento de silvicultura y Conservación de la naturaleza Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y de Conservación de la NaturalezaUniversidad de Chilecc 9206SantiagoChile.

Background:Variable retention(aggregated and dispersed retention)harvesting proposed for Nothofagus pumilio was designed for timber purposes and biodiversity conservation.Harvesting by opening canopy generates different microenvironments and creates contrasting conditions for seedling establishment,growth,and eco-physiology performance due to synergies(positives or negatives)with biotic and abiotic factors.This study evaluated the regeneration in different microenvironment conditions within managed stands during 5 years after harvesting.Remnant forest structure after harvesting and different microenvironments were characterized in managed stands,where 105 regeneration plots were measured(3 stands×7 microenvironments×5 replicas).We characterized the seedling bank,as well as growth and ecophysiology performance of the regeneration.Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted for the comparisons.Results:Microenvironments offered different environmental conditions for natural regeneration(soil moisture and light availability).Seedling under debris and dicot plants showed better eco-physiological performance,establishment,and growth than plants growing under monocots or located in the dispersed retention without the protection of other understory plants.The most unfavorable microenvironment conditions were high canopy cover of remnant trees(inside the aggregates or close to trees in the dispersed retention)and heavily impacted areas(skidder extraction roads).Conclusions:Favorable microenvironments in the harvested areas will improve the natural recruitment,growth,and eco-physiology performance of the natural regeneration after harvesting.It is necessary to develop new silvicultural practices that decrease the unfavorable microenvironments(e.g.,road density or excessive woody accumulation),to assure the success of the proposed silvicultural method.

关键词： Aggregated retention Dispersed retention Microenvironments Environmental variables Biometric values Biomass allocation Eco-physiology

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