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What do we know about pseudodementia?

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General Psychiatry 2023年第4期36卷 231-238页

作者： SaloméMouta Isabel Fonseca Vaz Miguel Pires Sara Ramos Diana Figueiredo departamento de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental Unidade Local de Saude da Guarda EPEGuardaPortugal departamento de Saúde Mental Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos EPEMatosinhosPortugal

depression and dementia can lead to generalised cognitive and memory ***,differentiating these disorders is important and *** is a term used clinically to describe symptoms that resemble dementia but are caused by other conditions(most frequently depression),rather than being recognised as an official *** is characterised by a cognitive impairment that mimics dementia but which does not have its origin in neurological degeneration,deriving instead from functional psychiatric *** condition is more commonly observed in older adults(particularly those over the age of 50 or 60 years),and its risk factors overlap with those for *** is essentially characterised by deficits in memory,executive function and speech and,therefore,can easily be confused with dementia,although there are aspects that allow its *** pseudodementia can be difficult,especially as there is significant overlap between its symptoms and those of other ***,it is important to recognise characteristic aspects of this disorder,as its correct identification is essential for proper treatment.

关键词： degeneration overlap instead

Rat Cerebrospinal Fluid Treatment Method through Cisterna Cerebellomedullaris Injection

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第5期34卷 827-832页

作者： Thaina Garbino dos Santos Mery Stefani Leivas Pereira Diogo Losch Oliveira Laboratory of Cellular Neurochemistry Departamento de Bioquimica Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS 90035-003 Brazil

Drugs that lack the ability to cross the blood- brain barrier （BBB） need to be placed directly into the central nervous system. Our laboratory studies the involve- ment of the glutamatergic system in the aggressiveness of glioma, and some ligands of glutamate receptors cannot permeate the BBB. Here, glioma-implanted rats were treated by a technique that delivers ligands directly into the cerebrospinal fluid by puncture into the cisterna cerebel- lomedullaris. Rats were anesthetized and fixed in a rodent stereotactic device. The head was gently tilted downwards at an angle that allowed exposure of the cisterna. Injection into the cisterna was done freehand using a gingival needle coupled to a microsyringe. The efficiency of intracisternal injection was demonstrated using a methylene blue solu- tion. This type of injection is adaptable for any rodent model using small volumes of a variety of other drugs, and is an interesting method for neuroscience studies.

关键词： Neurobiology Neuroscience Drug administration Intracisternal injection Cisterna magna Cerebrospinal fluid treatment Central nervous system Surgical technique Rodent

Functionalization of AuMSS nanorods towards more effective cancer therapies

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Nano Research 2019年第4期12卷 719-732页

作者： Carolina F. Rodrigues Telma A. Jacinto Andre F. Moreira Elisabete C. Costa Sonia P. Miguel Ilidio J. Correia CICS-UBI -Centro de Investigagao em Ciencias da saude Universidade da Beira Interior Covilhd 6200-506 Portugal CIEPQF - departamento de Engenharia Quimica Universidade de Coimbra Rua 13 Silvio Lima Coimbra 3030-790 Portugal

The applicatio n of nano particles as selective drug delivery platforms arises as one the most promising therapeutic strategies in the biomedical field. Such systems can encapsulate drugs, prevent its premature degradation, transport and promote the drugs specific delivery to the target site. Among the different nanostructures, gold-core mesoporous silica shell (AuMSS) nanorods have been one of the most explored due to their unique physical and chemical properties. The mesoporous silica biocompatibility, high surface area that can be easily functionalized, tubular pores that can store the drugs, conjugated with the intrinsic capacity of gold nanorod to absorb near-infrared radiation, allows the combination of hyperthermia (i.e., photothermal effect) with drug delivery, making them a nanoplatforms with a huge potential for cancer therapy. Nevertheless, the successful applicati on of AuMSS nanoparticles as an effective can cer nano medicine is hindered by the uncon trolled release of the therapeutic payloads, limited blood circulation time and unfavorable pharmacokinetics. In this review, an overview of the modificati ons performed to improve the AuMSS nano rods applicati on in nanom edicine is provided, highlighting the practical approaches that enhaneed the AuMSS nanorods targeting, responsiveness to different stimuli, and blood circulation time. Further, the basics of AuMSS nano rods syn thesis procedures, gen eral properties, and its applicati on in can cer therapy are also described.

关键词： gold nano rods silica surface modifications targeting cancer

Paternal physical exercise modulates global DNA methylation status in the hippocampus of male rat offspring

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第3期14卷 491-500页

作者： Christiano Spindler Ethiane Segabinazi Andre Luis Ferreira de Meireles Francele Valente Piazza Filipe Mega Gabriela dos Santos Salvalaggio Matilde Achaval Viviane Rostirola Elsner Simone Marcuzzo Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Neurociencias Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Laboratorio de Histofisiologia Comparada Departamento de Ciencias Morfologicas Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biociências e Reabilitacao Centro Universitario Metodista-IPA

It is widely known that maternal physical exercise is able to induce beneficial improvements in offspring cognition; however, the effects of paternal exercise have not been explored in detail. The present study was designed to evaluate the impact of paternal physical exercise on memory and learning, neuroplasticity and DNA methylation levels in the hippocampus of male offspring. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: sedentary or exercised fathers. The paternal preconception exercise protocol consisted of treadmill running, 20 minutes daily, 5 consecutive days per week for 22 days, while the mothers were not trained. After mating, paternal sperm was collected for global DNA methylation analysis. At postnatal day 53, the offspring were euthanized, and the hippocampus was dissected to measure cell survival by 5-bromo-2′-deoxiuridine and to determine the expression of synaptophysin, reelin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and global DNA methylation levels. To measure spatial memory and learning changes in offspring, the Morris water maze paradigm was used. There was an improvement in spatial learning, as well as a significant decrease in hippocampal global DNA methylation levels in the offspring from exercised fathers compared with those from sedentary ones; however, no changes were observed in neuroplasticity biomarkers brain-derived neurotrophic factor, reelin and 5-bromo-2′-deoxiuridine. Finally, the global DNA methylation of paternal sperm was not significantly changed by physical exercise. These results suggest a link between paternal preconception physical activity and cognitive benefit, which may be associated with hippocampal epigenetic programming in male offspring. However, the biological mechanisms of this modulation remain unclear.

关键词： epigenetics preconception methylation learning treadmill running fetal programming inheritance sperm nerve regeneration

Cytogenetic Diagnosis and Analysis of the Clinical Profile of Individuals with Non-down Syndrome Intellectual Disability

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2017年第11期5卷 812-820页

作者： Fantin, C. Prazeres, V. G. M. Benzaquem, D. C. Fernandes, E. R. Q. G. S. Oliveira, D. p. Ribeiro-Lima, J. C. Laboratorio de Proteomica e Genomica Departamento de Genetica Molecular e Citogendtica Escola Superior de Ciencias da Saude Universidade do Estado do Amazonas Manaus 69065-001 Brasil departamento de saude materno infantil Universidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus 69076-005 Brasil Unidade de Laboratorio de Analises Clinieas Setor de Citogenetiea Hospital Universitario Getulio Vargas Universidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus 69076-005 Brasil

Chromosomal alterations are the main causes of genetic diseases. One of the characteristics of certain genetic syndromes is ID （intellectual disability） presented by the individual in varying degrees. The study of the ID, its etiology, association or not with chromosomal abnormalities and a clinical diagnosis associated with the examination of karyotype are important aspects to consider when providing genetic counseling for families. Due to the lack of similar studies and of easy access to cytogenetic services for the Amazonian population, this study aimed to contribute to the advancement of this line of study in the state, analyzing the karyotype of individuals with ID, not Down Syndrome treated at the APAE-Manaus and identifying the main types of chromosomal alterations in the individuals analyzed. Analyzes were performed of the clinical diagnosis through investigation of the data from the interview and medical records as well as analysis of the karyotype of 31 patients with non-Down syndrome ID, attended in the APAE-Manaus. Of these subjects, 20 were female and 11 male. The results showed only 2 cases of chromosome abnormalities are detectable by classical cytogenetics, one of mosaic Turner syndrome and one a heterochromatic variant. It is therefore necessary to complement the study with the addition of molecular techniques for the investigation of microdeletions and/or other alterations not detectable through the banding technique, mainly for individuals whose dysmorphisms indicate a suspected syndrome.

关键词： Intellectual disability classical cytogenetics G banding.

Profile of Patients Attended at the Genetic Service of a Special Care Institution in Brazil

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2017年第10期5卷 727-735页

作者： Cleiton Fantin denise C. Benzaquem Julia Cavalcante do Carmo Vania Mesquita Gadelha Prazeres Laboratorio de Citogendtica Universidade do Estado do Amazonas Manaus 69065-001 Brazil departamento de saude materno lnfantil Universidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus 69076-005 Brazil

Objective： To analyze the main etiological diagnoses of patients attended at a genetics outpatient clinic of the Association of Parents and Friends of Exceptional Children/APAE in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. Methods： retrospective study of patients seen in the period 2005-2016, with review of medical records. The following data were recorded： sex, origin of referral and etiological diagnosis. Results： 362 patients were attended, 94.7% of them from Manaus, and 5.3% from the interior of the state. The etiological diagnosis was defined in 262 （72.3%） of the sample, of which 254 （70.2%） were of genetic etiology and 8 （2.2%） non-genetic. Of the genetic etiologies, 46 （12.7%） cases were monogenic syndromes, 136 （37.6%） were chromosomal aberrations and 72 （19.9%） had multifactorial causes, however, 100 （27.6%） cases remained unclear. There were several syndromes found, with Down syndrome being the most frequent and correlating significantly with the sex of the patient （male predominance, p 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： The study carried out in the APAE/Manaus genetics outpatient clinic allowed the profile of the patients being attended to be traced. It was verified that the majority of the patients were male and that the diagnosis of chromosomal alterations was the most frequent.

关键词： Medical genetics genetic counseling genetic profile etiology.

Analytic solutions in the acoustic black hole analogue of the conical Kerr metric

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Chinese Physics C 2017年第4期41卷 33-37页

作者： H. S. Vieira departamento de Ffsica Universidade Federal da Paraiba Caixa Postal 5008 CEP 58051-970 Joao Pessoa PB Brazil Centro de Ciencias Tecnologia e Saude Universidade Estadual da Parafba CEP 58233-000 Araruna PB Brazil

We study the sound perturbation of a rotating acoustic black hole in the presence of a disclination. The radial part of the massless Klein-Gordon equation is written into a Heun form, and its analytical solution is obtained. These solutions have an explicit dependence on the parameter of the disclination. We obtain the exact Hawking-Unruh radiation spectrum.

关键词： draining bathtub fluid flow disclination topological defect massless Klein-Gordon equation confluent Heun function black hole radiation

The neuroprotective effect of traditional Chinese medicinal plants--A critical review

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第8期13卷 3208-3237页

作者： Joao Moreira Mariana Machado Monica Dias-Teixeira Ricardo Ferraz Cristina delerue-Matos Clara Grosso REQUIMTE/LAQV Instituto Superior de Engenharia do PortoInstituto Politecnico do PortoPorto 4249-015Portugal Ciencias Químicas e das Biomoleculas/CISA Escola Superior de SaudedInstituto Politecnico do PortoPorto 4200-072Portugal NICiTeS-Nucleo de Investigacao em Ciencias e Tecnologias da saude Escola Superior de Saude Ribeiro SanchesLisboa 1950-396Portugal REQUIMTE/LAQV Departamento de Química e Bioquímica Faculdade de CienciasUniversidade do PortoPorto 4169-007Portugal

Neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases are increasingly affecting individuals’quality of life,thus increasing their cost to social and health *** diseases have overlapping mechanisms,such as oxidative stress,protein aggregation,neuroinflammation,neurotransmission impairment,mitochondrial dysfunction,and ***,there is no cure for neurodegenerative diseases,and the available therapies have adverse effects and low *** neuropsychiatric disorders,such as depression,the current therapies are not adequate to one-third of the patients,the so-called treatmentresistant ***,searching for new treatments is *** plants appear as a strong alternative and complement towards new treatment protocols,as they have been used for health purposes for thousands of ***,the main goal of this review is to revisit the neuroprotective potential of some of the most predominant medicinal plants(and one fungus)used in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),focusing on their proven mechanisms of action and their chemical compositions,to give clues on how they can be useful against neurodegeneration progression.

关键词： Neurodegeneration Alzheimer's disease Parkinson's disease depression Medicinal plants Oxidative stress Toxicology Clinicaltrials

Diagnosis of Hypophosphatasia

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2018年第7期6卷 688-691页

作者： Cleiton Fantin denise Correa Benzaquem Vania Mesquita Gadelha Prazeres Laboratório de Citogenética Universidade do Estado do Amazonas Manaus 69065-001 Brasil departamento de Saúde materno infantil Universidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus 69076-005 Brasil

Objective： HPP （Hypophosphatasia） is a congenital disease characterized by a deficiency of tissue-specific ALP （alkaline phosphatase）, which causes the generation of abnormal bone and tooth tissue. The clinical manifestations are variable, from neonatal forms with high mortality to milder adult forms with fractures and osteomalacia. The present study reports a clinical case of HPP, with emphasis on the physical characteristics and laboratory tests. The patient was attended at the medical genetics outpatient clinic of the Association of Parents and Friends of the Exceptional of Manaus （Associa？？o de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais-APAE/Manaus）. Methodology： For the case report, anamnesis, peripheral blood G-band karyotyping, Vitamin and ALP dosage and resonance examination were performed. Results： A.M.M.S, 9 years, non-consanguineous parents, no bone disease in the family, with one sister from the mother. Birth weight AGA without intercurrence. The patient presented a slight delay in psycho-motor development and was diagnosed with craniostenosis through CNS imaging examination. The physical examination, in addition to a short stature, showed dolichocephaly, frontal bossing, curved tibias and great dental compromise with many early cavities and loss of teeth. Laboratory evaluation： ALP dosage： 63/L （N = 69-325）; Vitamin B6 dosage： 27.4 （5.2-34.1）. The mother and the younger sister also had an ALP result below that expected for the age. Conclusions： The clinical phenotype and laboratory diagnosis of the patient were compatible with ICD Q78 HPP.

关键词： HPP ALP child