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Monoclonal antibodies and aptamers:The future therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 2795-2814页

作者： Alvaro Barrera-Ocampo Facultad de ingenierıa Diseno y Ciencias AplicadasDepartamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas y QuimicasGrupo NaturaUniversidad IcesiCali 760031Colombia

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is considered the most common and prevalent form of dementia of adult-onset with characteristic progressive impairment in cognition and *** cure for AD has not been found yet and the treatments available until recently were only *** of multidisciplinary approaches and efforts made by pharmaceutical companies,it was only in the past two years that new drugs were approved for the treatment of the *** beta(Ab)immunotherapy is at the core of this therapy,which is one of the most innovative approaches looking to change the course of *** technology is based on synthetic peptides or monoclonal antibodies(mAb)to reduce Ab levels in the brain and slow down the advance of ***,this article reviews the state of the art about AD neuropathogenesis,the traditional pharmacologic treatment,as well as the modern active and passive immunization describing approved drugs,and drug prototypes currently under investigation in different clinical *** addition,future perspectives on immunotherapeutic strategies for AD and the rise of the aptamer technology as a non-immunogenic alternative to curb the disease progression are discussed.

关键词： Ab Monoclonal antibody DNA aptamers Cognitive impairment Alzheimer’s disease Clinical trials Immunotherapy Machine learning

HVSR analysis of pumice sands for sediment depth characterization:A case study for Guadalajara,Mexico

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第3期23卷 577-591页

作者： Hafid Salgado M. Alejandro Ramírez-Gaytan Adolfo Preciado Christian R.Escudero departamento de Ciencias Exactas Centro Universitario de la CostaUniversidad de GuadalajaraCP.48280 Puerto VallartaJaliscoMéxico departamento de Ciencias Computacionales Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e IngenieríaUniversidad de GuadalajaraCP.44430 GuadalajaraJaliscoMéxico departamento del Hábitat y desarrollo Urbano Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Occidente(ITESO)CP.45604 TlaquepaqueMéxico

The horizontal to vertical spectral ratio(HVSR)methodology is used here to characterize pumice soils and to image the three-dimensional surface geometry of Guadalajara,*** to other Latin American cities,Guadalajara is exposed to high seismic risk,with the particularity of being the largest urban settlement in Latin America built on pumice *** has not yet been tested to characterize subsoil depths in pumice *** to the questionable use of traditional geotechnical tests for the analysis of pumice soils,HVSR provides an alternative for its characterization without altering its fragile and porous *** this work,resonance frequency(F0)and peak amplitude(A0)are used to constrain the depth of the major impedance contrast that represents the interface between bedrock and pumice *** were compared with borehole depths and other available geotechnical and geophysical data and show good *** of the profiles estimated on the riverbanks that cross the city,reveals different subsoil thickness that could have an impact on different site responses on riverine areas to an eventual *** and academic efforts are combined in this work to characterize depth sediments,an important parameter that impacts the regulations for construction in the city.

关键词： subsoil of Guadalajara shallow soil thickness bedrock depth pumice soil characterization

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Tribologically induced nanostructural evolution of carbon materials: A new perspective

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 144-163页

作者： Guilherme Oliveira NEVES Nicolás ARAYA Diego Berti SALVARO Thiago de Souza LAMIM Renan Oss GIACOMELLI Cristiano BINdeR Aloisio Nelmo KLEIN JoséDaniel Biasoli de MELLO Laboratório de Materiais Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaSanta Catarina 88040-900Brazil departamento de ingeniería Mecánica Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad del Bío-BíoConcepcion 4070-386Chile Universidad de Concepción Concepcion 4070-386Chile SENAI Innovation Institute for Laser Processing Santa Catarina 89218-153Brazil Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Minas Gerais 38408-100Brazil

Carbon-based solid lubricants are excellent options to reduce friction and wear,especially with the carbon capability to adopt different allotropes *** the macroscale,these materials are sheared on the contact along with debris and contaminants to form tribolayers that govern the tribosystem *** a recently developed advanced Raman analysis on the tribolayers,it was possible to quantify the contactinduced defects in the crystalline structure of a wide range of allotropes of carbon-based solid lubricants,from graphite and carbide-derived carbon particles to multi-layer graphene and carbon *** addition,these materials were tested under various dry sliding conditions,with different geometries,topographies,and solid-lubricant application *** of the initial tribosystem conditions and allotrope level of atomic ordering,there is a remarkable trend of increasing the point and line defects density until a specific saturation limit in the same order of magnitude for all the materials tested.

关键词： carbon nanostructures tribology Raman spectroscopy defects quantification tribolayer solid lubrication

Interpolation of closed ideals of bilinear operators

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Fernando COBOS Luz M.FERNáNdeZ-CABRERA Antón MARTíNEZ departamento de Análisis Matemático y Matemática Aplicada Facultad de MatemáticasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Sección departamental del departamento de Análisis Matemático y Matemática Aplicada Facultad de Estudios EstadísticosUniversidad Complutense de Madrid departamento de Matemática Aplicada I Escuela de Ingeniería IndustrialUniversidad de Vigo

AbstractWe extend the （outer） measureγIassociated to an operator ideal I to a measureγJfor bounded bilinear *** I is surjective and closed,and J is the class of those bilinear operators such thatγJ（T）=0,we prove that J coincides with the composition bideal I o *** I satisfies the ∑r-condition,we establish a simple necessary and sufficient condition for an interpolated operator by the real method to belong to ***,if in addition I is symmetric,we prove a formula for the measureγJof an operator interpolated by the real *** particular,results apply to weakly compact operators.

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Recent progress in carbonaceous materials based Z-scheme and Sscheme heterojunctions for photocatalytic clean energy generation

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新型炭材料(中英文) 2024年

作者： Sahil Rana Amit Kumar Wang Tong-tong Gaurav Sharma Pooja Dhiman Alberto García-Penas Interdisciplinary and Innovate Research Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology departamento de Ciencia e ingeniería de Materiales e ingeniería Química (IAAB) Universidad Carlos III de Madrid International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS) Shoolini University

Carbonaceous materials including carbon nanotubes/nanofibers, graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide,graphyne, graphdiyne, carbon quantum dots and fullerenes have gained considerable attention in the recent years for their unique properties such as high conductivity, excellent stability and biocompatibility. The integration of these carbonaceous materials into Zscheme and S-scheme heterojunctions has emerged as a transformative strategy to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency for energy conversion applications. This review delves into the fundamental principles of clean energy generation such as photocatalytic H2generation and CO2reduction, elucidating their respective mechanisms and advantages. Furthermore, various types of carbonaceous materials, their synthesis and construction of Z-scheme and S-scheme heterojunctions are discussed emphasizing their role in promoting charge separation, reducing recombination losses and extending the spectral response range. With the focus on solar fuel production,the recent advancements in carbonaceous based Z-scheme and S-scheme heterojunctions are discussed and summarized for photocatalytic H2generation and CO2reduction. Lastly, the current bottlenecks and challenges in the field of carbonaceous based photocatalysts are discussed with the valuable insights for future development in this particular field.

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On an isotropic porous solid cylinder:the analytical solution and sensitivity analysis of the pressure

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第9期45卷 1499-1522页

作者： H.ASGHARI L.MILLER R.PENTA J.MERODIO departamento de Matemática Aplicada a las TIC ETS de Ingeniería de Sistemas Informáticos Universidad Politecnica de Madrid School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Glasgow

Within this work, we perform a sensitivity analysis to determine the influence of the material input parameters on the pressure in an isotropic porous solid *** provide a step-by-step guide to obtain the analytical solution for a porous isotropic elastic cylinder in terms of the pressure, stresses, and elastic displacement. We obtain the solution by performing a Laplace transform on the governing equations, which are those of Biot's poroelasticity in cylindrical polar coordinates. We enforce radial boundary conditions and obtain the solution in the Laplace transformed domain before reverting back to the time domain. The sensitivity analysis is then carried out, considering only the derived pressure solution. This analysis finds that the time t, Biot's modulus M, and Poisson's ratio ν have the highest influence on the pressure whereas the initial value of pressure P0plays a very little role.

关键词： 35Q62 74A99 76S05 Biot’s modulus cylinder cylindrical polar coordinate Laplace transform O343 sensitivity analysis

Porphyrins,phthalocyanines,and related covalent-organic frameworks in the photochemical and electrochemical water splitting:A review

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 236-265页

作者： Oxana V.Kharissova Yolanda Peña Méndez Boris I.Kharisov Aleksandr LNikolaev Edith Luévano-Hipólito Lucy T.González Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Ave.Universidad s/nSan Nicolás de los GarzaNuevo León66455Mexico department of Chemistry Moscow State UniversityVorobievy HillsMoscowRussia CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Facultad de Ingeniería Civil-Departamento de Ecomateriales y EnergíaCd.UniversitariaC.P.66455San Nicolás de los GarzaNLMexico Tecnologico de Monterrey Escuela de Ingeniería y CienciasMonterreyNuevo León 64890Mexico Tecnologico de Monterrey Centro del AguaMonterreyNuevo León 64890Mexico

In this review,the possibilities of photochemical and electrochemical water splitting(WS)using porphyrins,phthalocyanines,related macrocycles,and their metal complexes are *** efforts are being carried out in order to develop novel and cheap methods for water decomposition to generate inexhaustible greener energy sources(molecular hydrogen)instead of oil and *** processes of WS in heterogeneous and homogeneous media require novel photo-and electrocatalysts,in particular those on macrocycle basis.A high WS efficiency has been observed for porphyrins and phthalocyanines,showing their suitability both for HER and OER processes are available using these relative compounds for WS *** can be used in photocatalytic and electrocatalytic WS processes both in their free forms or as metal porphyrins/porphyrinates,mainly loaded on various inorganic materials,such as Au NPs,C_(3)N_(4),GaP,KTaO_(3),GaP,and so on,as part of porphyrin-containing polymers or on electrode surface as modifying coatings,being sometimes better than commercial catalysts,such as Pt/*** H2 evolution can be considerably depended on the shape of porphyrin particles;in particular,porphyrin nanowires can yield up to 20 times more H2 than its *** certain cases,both HER and OER can be driven in the same electrolyte using metal *** capacity of metal porphyrins to generate ROS(in particular,singlet oxygen 1O_(2))under ultrasonic treatment is known and can be successfully used for H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2) *** can be used in similar processes in free form or as composites with inorganic or organic counterparts,being immobilized on nanocarbons,metal oxides and salts,or simply dissolved in water acting in a homogeneous *** additional use of ultrasound can lead to better results due to the synergistic effect of the sonochemical treatment and ***-organic frameworks are also applied for WS purposes and are mainly based

关键词： Porphyrins Phthalocyanines COFs Water splitting Photocatalysis Electrocatalysis

Twenty years of population dynamics in European beech-oak forest at their rear range margin anticipate changes in its structure and composition

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 358-370页

作者： álvaro Rubio-Cuadrado Iciar Alberdi Isabel Canellas Fernando Montes Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada Rosana López Guillermo G.Gordaliza María Valbuena-Carabana Nikos Nanos Ramón Perea Luis Gil departamento de dinamica y gestion forestal Instituto de Ciencias Forestales(ICIFOR-INIA)CSICCtra.La Coruna km 7.528040MadridSpain departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingeniería de MontesForestal y del Medio NaturalUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid.Ciudad Universitaria s/n28040MadridSpain School of Forestry and Natural Environment Aristotle University of ThessalonikiUniversity Campus54124ThessalonikiGreece

There is an increasing interest in restoring degraded forests,which occupy half of the forest *** the forms of restoration,passive restoration,which involves the elimination of degrading factors and the free evolution of natural dynamics by applying minimal or no management,is gaining *** dynamics is difficult to predict due to the influence of multiple interacting factors such as climatic and edaphic conditions,composition and abundance of species,and the successional character of these ***,we study the natural dynamics of a mixed forest located in central Spain,which maintained an open forest structure,due to intensive use,until grazing and cutting were banned in the *** most frequent woody species in this forest are Fagus sylvatica,Quercus petraea,Quercus pyrenaica,Ilex aquifolium,Sorbus aucuparia,Sorbus aria and Prunus avium,with contrasting shade and drought *** species are common in temperate European deciduous forest and are found here near their southern distribution limit,except for *** order to analyze forest dynamics and composition,three inventories were carried out in 1994,2005 and *** results show that,despite the Mediterranean influence,the natural dynamics of this forest has been mainly determined by different levels of shade *** the abandonment of grazing and cutting,*** expanded rapidly due to its lower shade tolerance,whereas after canopy closure and forest densification,shade-tolerant species gained ground,particularly ***,despite its lower drought and late-frost *** the current dynamics continue,*** will overtake the rest of the species,which will be relegated to sites with shallow soils and steep ***,all the multi-centennial beech trees,which are undergoing a rapid mortality and decline process,will disappear.

关键词： Forest succession Secondary forest Woodland Mixed forest Competition Recruitment

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Biomass gasification,catalytic technologies and energy integration for production of circular methanol:New horizons for industry decarbonisation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 306-318页

作者： Luis F.Bobadilla Lola Azancot Miriam González-Castañ Estela Ruíz-López Laura Pastor-Pérez Francisco J.Durán-Olivencia Runping Ye Katie Chong Paula HBlanco-Sánchez Zenthao Wu Tomás R.Reina JoséA.Odriozola departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de SevillaAvda.Américo Vespucio 49Sevilla 41092Spain departamento de ingeniería Universidad Loyola AndalucíaAvda.de Las Universidades s/nSevilla 41704Spain Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute(EBRI) Aston UniversityBirminghamB47ETUnited Kingdom department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUnited Kingdom

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)recognises the pivotal role of renewable energies in the future energy system and the achievement of the zero-emission *** implementation of renewables should provide major opportunities and enable a more secure and decentralised energy supply *** fuels provide long-term solutions for the transport sector,particularly for applications where fuels with high energy density are *** addition,it helps reducing the carbon footprint of these sectors in the *** on biomass characteristics feedstock is essential for scaling-up gasification from the laboratory to *** review deals with the transformation biogenic residues into a valuable bioenergy carrier like biomethanol as the liquid sunshine based on the combination of modified mature technologies such as gasification with other innovative solutions such as membranes and microchannel *** abatement is a critical process in product gas upgrading since tars compromise downstream processes and equipment,for this,membrane technology for upgrading syngas quality is discussed in this *** reactor technology with the design of state-of-the-art multifunctional catalysts provides a path to develop decentralised biomethanol synthesis from biogenic ***,the development of a process chain for the production of(i)methanol as an intermediate energy carrier,(ii)electricity and(iii)heat for decentralised applications based on biomass feedstock flexible gasification,gas upgrading and methanol synthesis is analysed.

关键词： Biogenic residues Gasification Biomethanol Circular Economy Microreactors

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