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The use of mineral interfaces in sand-sized volcanic rock fragments to infer mechanical durability

Journal of Palaeogeography 2020年第3期9卷 288-313页

作者： emilia Le Pera Consuele Morrone Dipartimento di Biologia Ecologia e Scienze della Terra(DiBEST)Universita

The use of mineral interfaces, in sand-sized rock fragments, to infer the influence exerted by mechanical durability on the generation of siliciclastic sediments, has been determined for plutoniclastic sand. Conversely, for volcaniclastic sand, it has received much less attention, and, to our knowledge, this is the first attempt to make use of the volcaniclastic interfacial modal mineralogy of epiclastic sandy fragments, to infer mechanical durability control at a modern beach environment. Volcaniclastic sand was collected along five beaches developed on five islands, of the southern Tyrrhenian Sea(Alicudi, Filicudi, Salina, Panarea and Stromboli) from the Aeolian Archipelago, and one sample was collected near the Stromboli Island volcanic crater. each sample was sieved and thin sectioned for petrographic analysis. The modal mineralogy of the very coarse, coarse and medium sand fractions was determined by point-counting of the interfacial boundaries discriminating 36 types of interfaces categories, both no-isomineralic and/or no iso-structural(e.g., phenocrystal/glassy groundmass or phenocrystal/microlitic groundmass boundaries) and iso-mineralic interfaces, inside volcanic lithic grains with lathwork and porphyric textures. A total of 47,386 interfacial boundaries have been counted and, the most representative series of interfaces, from the highest to the lowest preservation, can be grouped as: a) ultrastable interfaces, categorized as Pl(Plagioclase)/Glgr(Glassy groundmass) > > Px(Pyroxene)/Glgr > > Ol(Olivine)/Glgr > > Op(Opaque)/Glgr > > Hbl(Hornblende)/Glgr> > Bt(Biotite)/Glgr > > Idd(Iddingsite)/Glgr > > Rt(Rutile)/Glgr;b) stable interfaces, categorized as Pl/Migr(Microlitic groundmass) > > Op/Migr > > Px/Migr > > Ol/Migr;c) moderately stable interfaces, categorized as Op/Px > > Op/Hbl > > Px/P > > Ol/Pl> > Bt/Op;and d) unstable interfaces, categorized as Pl/Pl > > Px/Px > > Ol/Ol > >Op/Op > > Hbl/Hbl > > Bt/Bt. Grains, eroded from the volcanic bedrock, if aff

关键词： Volcaniclastic sand Mineral interfaces Volcanic beach environment Mechanical durability

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Prey availability, prey selection, and trophic niche width in the lizard Psammodromus algirus along an elevational gradient

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Current Zoology 2018年第5期64卷 603-613页

作者： Gregorio MOReNO-RUeDA elena MeLeRO Senda ReGUeRA Francisco J, ZAMORA-CAMACHO Ines ALVAReZ-BeNITO departamento de Zoologla Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Granada E-18071 Spain departamento de Biogeografia y Carnbio Global Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC C/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2 E-28006 Madrid Spain

Mountains imply enormous environmental variation, with alpine habitats entailing harsh environ- ments, especially for ectotherms such as lizards. This environmental variability also may imply variation in prey availability. However, little is known about how lizard trophic ecology varies with elevation. In this study, we analyze diet, prey availability, prey selection, and trophic niche width in the lacertid lizard Psammodromus algirus along a 2,200-m elevational gradient in the Sierra Nevada （Se Spain）. The analysis of fecal samples has shown that Orthoptera, Formicidae, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, and Araneae are the main prey, although, according to their abundance in pitfall traps, Formicidae and Coleoptera are rejected by the lizard whereas Orthoptera, Hemiptera, and Araneae are preferred. Prey abundance and diversity increase with elevation and diet subtly varies along with the elevational gradient. The consumption of Coleoptera increases with elevation probably as a consequence of the lizard foraging more in open areas while basking. The electivity for Araneae increases with elevation. Araneae are rejected in the lowlands--where they are rela- tively abundant--whereas, at high elevation, this lizard positively selects them, despite they being less abundant. The lizard trophic niche width expands with elevation due to concomitant greater prey diversity and hence this lizard feeds on more prey types in highlands. Although no sex difference in diet has been found, the trophic niche is broader in females than males. As a whole, alpine lizards show a trophic niche simitar to that found at lower elevat（ons, suggesting that P. algirus is well adapted to the harsh environment found in alpine areas.

关键词： alpine habitats arthropods mountain ecology niche variation hypothesis trophic ecology

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An explanation of the △_(D35)（1930） as a ρ△ bound state

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1267-1272页

作者： P. Gonzlez e. Oset J. Vijande departamento de Física Teórica Universidad de Valencia (UV) e IFIC (UV - CSIC) Spain departamento de Física Atómica Molecular y Nuclear Universidad de Valencia (UV) e IFIC (UV - CSIC) Spain

Constituent quark models based on two-body potentials systematically overpredict the mass of △D35(1930). A possible solution to this problem comes out from the application of a schematic hybrid model, containing three-quark as well as meson-baryon components, to the light-quark baryon spectrum. The △D35(1930) and its partners △D33(1940) and △S31(1900) are found to contain a significant ρ△ component. Then, through the use of the hidden gauge formalism, it is shown that these resonances can be dynamically generated from the ρ-△ interaction. In particular △D35(1930) can be interpreted as being essentially a ρ△bound state. This interpretation suggests that the inclusion of ρ△as an effective inelastic channel in data analyses could improve the extraction and identification of the resonance.

关键词： Particle physics and field theory

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Species delimitation based on diagnosis and monophyly, and its importance for advancing mammalian taxonomy

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Zoological Research 2018年第5期39卷 301-308页

作者： eliécer e.Gutiérrez Guilherme S.T.Garbino Pós-Graduacao em Biodiversidade Animal Departamento de Ecologia e Evolucao Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria RS 97105-900 Brazil Division of Mammals National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington DC 20013-7012 USA Pós-graduacao Departamento de Zoologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais 31270-901 Brazil

A recently proposed taxonomic classification of extant ungulates sparked a series of publications that criticize the Phylogenetic Species Concept （PSC） claiming it to be a particularly poor species *** opinions reiteratively stated that （1） the two fundamental elements of the ＂PSC＂,i.e.,monophyly and diagnosability,do not offer objective criteria as to where the line between species should be drawn;and （2） that extirpation of populations can lead to artificial diagnosability and spurious recognitions of *** sudden eruption of criticism against the PSC is *** attributed to the PSC are common to most approaches and concepts that modern systematists employ to establish species *** controversial taxonomic propositions that sparked criticism against the PSC are indeed highly problematic,not because of the species concept upon which they are based,but because no evidence （whatsoever） has become public to support a substantial portion of the proposed *** herein discuss these topics using examples from *** areas of biological research rest upon taxonomic accuracy （including conservation biology and biomedical research）;hence,it is necessary to clarify what are （and what are not）the real sources of taxonomic inaccuracy.

关键词： Alpha taxonomy Phylogenetic SpeciesConcept Species concepts Taxonomic inertia Taxonomic inflation

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Chemical profile and antimicrobial activity of Secondatia floribunda A. DC(Apocynaceae)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第8期7卷 739-749页

作者： Daiany Alves Ribeiro Sarah Soares Damasceno Aline Augusti Boligon Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes Marta Maria de Almeida Souza JoséGalberto Martins da Costa Programa de Pós-Graduacao em etnobiologia e conservacao da Natureza Universidade Regional do Cariri departamento de Química Biológica Laboratório de Pesquisas de Produtos NaturaisUniversidade Regional do Cariri Laboratório de Fitoquímica Universidade Federal de Santa Maria departamento de Química Biológica Laboratório de Farmacologia e Química MolecularUniversidade Regional do Cariri departamento de Ciências Biológicas Laboratório de Ecologia VegetalUniversidade Regional do Cariri

To establish the chemical profile, and to evaluate the antibacterial and modulatory activity of the ethanolic extracts of the stalk’s inner bark and heartwood of Secondatia *** of total phenols and flavonoids was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and aluminum chloride, respectively. Phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diodearray detector) and the Infrared Spectroscopy was performed using the measure by Attenuated Total Reflectance with Fourier Transform (ATR-FTIR). Antibacterial assays for determination of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and modification of aminoglycosides were performed by *** spectra showed similar characteristics, having among its main absorption bands hydroxyl group (OH). The antibacterial activity showed clinically significant results for the strains of Staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli. In modulation assay, synergic and antagonistic effect for both extracts was observed. Heartwood extract in combination with antibiotics showed a significant MIC reduction at 19.8% (P e first report of chemical and biological information of Secondatia floribunda suggesting that it is clinically relevant source of a new antibacterial therapy, especially due to the presence of significant levels of phenolic compounds.

关键词： Chemical composition HPLC Cinchonain Natural product Modification resistance

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Nest site selection and reproductive parameters of the threatened Atlantic Royal Flycatcher(Onychorhynchus swainsoni)and their significance for conservation

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Avian Research 2021年第1期12卷 63-75页

作者： Daniel F.Perrella Paulo V.Q.Zima Mercival R.Francisco Programa de Pós-Graduacao em ecologia e Recursos Naturais Universidade Federal de SaCarlosWashington Luiz km 235SaCarlos 13565-905Brazil departamento de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Federal de SaCarlosRod.Joao Leme dos Santos km 110Sorocaba 18052-780Brazil

Background:Patterns of rarity can be explained by reproductive rates,levels of endemism,and habitat specificity,and knowledge on these parameters is important to understand the levels of vulnerability of each species and to formulate conservation ***,we studied nest-site selection and breeding biology of the Atlantic Royal Flycatcher(Onychorhynchus swainsoni),a poorly known vulnerable bird endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic ***:We addressed nest site selection in three different levels:first,we searched for nests near and far from water to investigate whether birds could select water proximities to construct nests;second,we examined if they could select certain streams in detriment of others,and we analyzed the characteristics of used and non-used streams,and third,in streams in which nests were found,we addressed nest site selectivity by comparing a number of parameters between nest sites and random ***,we provide information on breeding biology parameters related to annual ***:During five breeding seasons,we found 23 nests in a well-preserved forest *** of the nests were constructed above water,and they were found in streams that were about 4 m in width,instead of smaller streams with about 1.5 m in *** analyses revealed that within the used streams,nests were constructed in sites with lower vegetation density in relation to random points,while stream width,water speed,and canopy cover presented no significant *** Royal Flycatchers in our study had a 22-day incubation period and 24 to 27-day nestling *** nest survival was comparatively high(62%),but clutch size was small(N=2 eggs)and Along the nesting streams,we found an average of 1.62±0.07 breeding pairs/***:These data suggest that nesting habitat specificity and low annual fecundity are among the factors contributing to the rarity of the Atlantic Royal Flycatcher in large forest continuums and to its absenc

关键词： Atlantic Forest Birds Breeding biology Daily survival rate endangered species Specialized bird species

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Temporal stability and directional change in a color cline of a marine snail from NW Spain

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 163-173页

作者： Juan Gefaell Ramon Vigo A.Honorato Gonzalez-Vazquez Juan Galindo emilio Rolan-Alvarez Centro de Investigacion Marina Universidade de VigoDepartamento de BioquimicaGenetica e Inmunologia36310 VigoSpain

The evolution and maintenance of color clines is a classic topic of research in evolutionary ***,studies analyzing the temporal dynamics of such clines are much less frequent,due to the difficulty of obtaining reliable data about past color distributions along environmen-tal *** this article,we describe a case of decades-long temporal stability and directional change in a color cline of the marine snail Littorina saxatilis along the coastal inlet of the Ria de Vigo(NW Spain).*** from this area shows a clear color cline with 3 distinct areas from the innermost to the more wave-exposed localities of the Ria:the inner,protected localities show an abundance of fawn-like individuals;the intermediate localities show a high diversity of colors;and the outer,wave-exposed localities show populations with a high frequency of a black and lineated *** compare data from the 1970s and 2022 in the same localities,showing that the cline has kept relatively stable for at least over half a century,except for some directional change and local variability in the frequency of certain *** regression analyses and biodiversity measures are presented to provide clues into the selective pressures that might be involved in the maintenance of this color *** research avenues to properly test the explanatory power of these selective agents as well as the possible origins of the cline are discussed.

关键词： clinal variation color polymorphism ecological gradient Littorina saxatilis natural selection wave exposure.

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Selective logging alters allometric relationships of five tropical tree species in seasonal semi-deciduous forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1633-1639页

作者： Diego Resende Rodrigues Yves Rafael Bovolenta José Antonio Pimenta edmilson Bianchini departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal Centro de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Estadual de Londrina

In selectively logged forests,trees are more likely to expand their diameters(D)at the expense of height(H)growth,resulting in variations in H:D *** study examines how selective logging affects the H:D allometric relationships of five common tree species and whether the effects vary with functional groups(shade-intolerant or shade tolerant)in seasonal semi-deciduous *** of five species in a 3000 m^2(0.3 ha)plot were marked and heights and diameters *** of the species,with one exception,showed greater investment in diameter per increment of height compared to an unlogged forest,possibly because of the greater light *** study shows the effects of selective logging on species populations as evidenced by increases in H:D *** of forest fragments with different degrees of human impact is important because it allows us to understand the differences in architectural characteristics caused by selective logging.

关键词： Allometry Anthropic exploitation ecological groups Luminosity Selective logging

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Unsuitable use of spin and pseudospin symmetries with a pseudoscalar Cornell potential

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第9期23卷 60-61页

作者： L.B.Castro A.S.de Castro departamento de Física CFM Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina departamento de Física Universidade Federal do Maranho Campus Universtitrio do Bacanga departamento de Física e Química Campus de Guaratinguet Universidade Estadual Paulista

The concepts of spin and pseudospin symmetries has been used as mere rhetorics to decorate the pseudoscalar potential [Chin. Phys. B 22 090301 （2013）]. It is also pointed out that a more complete analysis of the bou... 详细信息

关键词： Dirac equation pseudoscalar Comell potential spin symmetry pseudospin symmetry

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Phillipsia olivacea:an uncommon Neotropical discomycete discovered in the Brazilian semiarid

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Studies in Fungi 2019年第1期4卷 21-25页

作者： Lopes-Lima AB Valões-Araújo JC Wartchow F Universidade Federal da Paraíba Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia/CCENCEP:58051-970João PessoaPBBRAZIL

Phillipsia olivacea is an uncommon discomycete record from *** was described originally from South Brazil and later recorded from Central America and northern South *** it is found for the first time from a montane fo... 详细信息

关键词： Ascomycota Neotropic Pezizomycetes Sarcoscyphaceae taxonomy

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